Modernisation in the Tanzimat Period and the Ottoman Empire: An Analysis of the Tanzimat Edict within the Scope of the Modern State
Öz
The Tanzimat Edict (Imperial Edict of Reorganisation) is a turning point in the history of the Ottoman Empire. It is considered to be the first official step of the attempts to become a modern state. A formal process was initiated with this edict and, within this context, the empire started to change the imperial structures and institutions and devoted considerable efforts to create a Western-style organisation. On the other hand, turning towards the West with the declaration of the edict, the Ottoman Empire ultimately found itself in a structural and cultural dilemma. It can be stated that actions for modernisation within the Empire were not a grassroots internal dynamic; rather, they were results of the insistence of the Sultan along with the pressure and encouragement by external dynamics. Developments in Western societies proved fatal for the traditional state with a chain of industrial, political and philosophical revolutions. Afterwards, replacing the traditional state, the concept and practice of the “modern state” were imitated by many other states including the Ottoman Empire. In this respect, with the dynamics of modernisation, traditional values acting as the sources of legitimacy in the traditional state were supplanted by modern ones. God is no longer the source of legitimacy; subjects have been replaced by citizens and law has been the cornerstone of the modern state. Mahmud II laid the social and structural foundations of the Tanzimat Edict, but the edict itself was declared during the reign of Abdülmecit I. The edict occupies a significant position within the theory of the modern state because it is a product of a period in which the Ottoman Empire shifted towards the axis of a modern state. The present study examines the historical and sociological conditions setting the scene for the Tanzimat Edict, the social and political structure altered by the edict and the impacts on the social and political context of the Empire.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
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Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
İngilizce
Konular
-
Bölüm
Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar
Yusuf Çiftçi
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Türkiye
Yayımlanma Tarihi
31 Aralık 2019
Gönderilme Tarihi
16 Aralık 2019
Kabul Tarihi
25 Aralık 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı
Yıl 2019 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2