Türkiye'de Yenilen Bazı Yabani Mantarlarda Bazı Besin İçerikleri ve Ağır Metal Birikiminin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye'de iki farklı bölge ve lokalitelerinden toplanan yenilebilir yabani bazı mantar örneklerinin teşhis edilmesi ve ardından ağır metal ve besin içeriklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu mantarların dördü (Coprinus comatus (O.F. Müll.) Pers, Cantharellus cibarius Fr, Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm. ve Lactarius glyciosmus (Fr.) Fr.) yakın yerleşim yerlerinden, diğerleri ise (Hydnum repandum L., Pleurotus eryngii (DC.) Quél ve Lactarius deliciosus (L.) Gray) kırsal alanlardan toplanmıştır. Tüm türler yerel halk tarafından tanınmakta ve besin amaçlı tüketilmektedir. Teşhis edilen tüm türlerin, trofik durumları, habitatları Türkçe adları ve yenilebilirlikleri ile birlikte verilmiştir. Element konsantrasyonları kuru ağırlığa göre belirlenmiştir. Analiz edilen mantar türlerinden elde edilen sonuçların farklılık gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlara göre; As (nd, 1,5-17,43), Ba (1,48-10,81), Cd (nd, 1.4-43.46), Co (Nd, 12.0- 42.79), Cr (nd, 5.0-14.92), Cu (12.95-143.45), K (nd, 30085- 52680), Mg (nd, 5056-5955.9), Mn (52.45- 187.25), Mo (nd, 1.22-57.53), Ni (43.46-565), Pb (318.9-1483.5), Sb ( nd, 0.14-4.12), Si (nd, 3.18-87.83), Ti (20.32-302.2), V (67.66-102.3), Zn (1026.8-2422.0), Ca (411.5 -2077), Na (752.5-2105.5) ve Fe (470.5-1093.5) belirlenmiş ve incelenen elementler mg/kg olarak verilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, ağır metaller bakımından en düşük değere sahip mantarlar: C. comatus, H. repandum, C. cibarius ve P. eryngii, kalsiyum ve magnezyum içeriği bakımından ise en yüksek değere ise P. ostreus'un sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Dolayısıyla bu mantar türlerinin insan sağlığı açısından önemli potansiyele sahip olduğu görülmektedir. Daha sonra yapılacak ilgili çalışmalarda kaynak olarak kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Atomic absorption
• Besin İçeriği
• Ağır Metaller
• Mineraller
• Mantarlar

Assessment of Some Nutrient Contents and Heavy Metal Accumulation in Some Wild Edible Mushrooms in Türkiye

Öz

In this study, it was aimed to identify mushrooms gathered from two different regions and localities of Türkiye and to determine their heavy metal and nutrient contents. Four of the mushrooms (Coprinus comatus (O.F. Müll.) Pers, Cantharellus cibarius Fr., Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm. and Lactarius glyciosmus (Fr.) Fr.) from nearby settlements, while the others (Hydnum repandum L., Pleurotus eryngii (DC.) Quél and Lactarius delicious (L.) Gray)) were collected from rural areas. All species have known and consume by local peoples. All identified species were given along with their trophic status, habitats, locations, Turkish names and edibility. Concentrations of elements were determined based on dry weight. The analysis of samples indicated that different result obtained from mushrooms. As (nd, 1.5-17.43), Ba (1.48-10.81), Cd (nd, 1.4-43.46), Co (nd, 12.0- 42.79), Cr (nd, 5.0-14.92), Cu (12.95-143.45), K (nd, 30085- 52680), Mg (nd, 5056-5955.9), Mn (52.45- 187.25), Mo (nd, 1.22-57.53), Ni (43.46-565), Pb (318.9-1483.5), Sb (nd, 0.14-4.12), Si (nd, 3.18-87.83), Ti (20.32-302.2), V (67.66-102.3), Zn (1026.8-2422.0), Ca (411.5 -2077), Na (752.5-2105.5) and Fe (470.5-1093.5) were determined and the elements studied were given in mg/kg. As a result, it was determined that C. comatus, H. repandum, C. cibarius and P. eryngii had the lowest content of heavy metals and P. ostreus had the highest value in terms of calcium and magnesium contents. Therefore, it has been determined that these mushroom species may have important beneficial effects to human health. It is thought that it can be used as a source in future studies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Atomic absorption
• Food analysis
• Heavy metals
• Minerals
• Mushroom

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