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Ege Bölgesinde Yetiştirilen Sultani Çekirdeksiz Üzüm Çeşidinin Muhafazasında Hasat Sonrası Patojeni Alternaria spp.’nın Kontrolü

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1 , 20 - 30 , 30.04.2026
https://doi.org/10.30708/mantar.1799468
https://izlik.org/JA92EX99YM

Öz

Ege Bölgesi, özellikle Manisa ili, Türkiye’de Sultani Çekirdeksiz üzüm çeşidinin yetiştiriciliği açısından önemli bir üretim potansiyeline sahiptir. Hasat dönemi öncesi çeşitli etmenler nedeniyle ortaya çıkan salkım çürüklük hastalığı etmenlerinden Alternaria türleri, ürün kalitesinde ciddi kayıplara yol açmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Ege Bölgesi’nde bağcılığın yoğun olarak yapıldığı Manisa ilinde Alternaria Nees türlerinin varlığını belirlemek ve bu patojen türe karşı hasat öncesi ve hasat sonrası dönemleri içerecek şekilde kontrol sağlayabilecek mücadele yöntemlerini değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Deneme bağlarında hasat öncesi son ilaçlamalarda fungisit uygulaması yerine Metschnikowia pulcherrima Pitt & M.W. Mill. U 173/6 suşunun granüler formülasyonu kullanılmış, depolama ise paketleme evi standartlarına uygun şekilde yürütülmüştür. Hasat edilen üzümler, dört tekerrürlü olarak tam ve yarım doz SO₂ kâğıt uygulamaları ile kontrol grubu şeklinde hazırlanarak üç ay depolanmıştır. Sonuçlara göre, M. pulcherrima ve tam doz SO₂ kâğıt uygulamalarında üç aylık depolama süresince çürüklük gelişimi %0.00 olarak belirlenirken, kontrol uygulamalarında %99.3–100 oranında çürüklük tespit edilmiştir. Kontrol gruplarında en yüksek yoğunlukta Alternaria spp., Aspergillus spp. ve Cladosporium spp., izole edilmiştir. Maya popülasyonu depolamanın ilk ayında artış göstermiş, ikinci ayda azalmıştır.

Etik Beyan

Etik beyan gerekli değildir.

Teşekkür

Bu çalışma, Nurdan GÜNGÖR SAVAŞ'ın “Ege Bölgesi Bağlarında Sultanina Çekirdeksiz Sofralık Üzümlerde Alternaria spp. durumu ve Kontrol Olanakları” başlıklı doktora tezinden hazırlanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın bir kısmı, 28 Nisan-2 Mayıs 2013 tarihleri arasında Kuşadası, Türkiye’de düzenlenen 2nd International Symposium on Discovery and Development of Innovative Strategies for Postharvest Disease Management’da kısa bir özet olarak sunulmuştur. Manisa Bağcılık Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü ve Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi, Bitki Koruma Bölümü TOPAR laboratuvarına teşekkür ederiz.

Kaynakça

  • Anonim (2024). TÜİK kurumsal, Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Bitkisel Üretimi, 2. Tahmini, 2024, https://www.tuik.gov.tr. (Ziyaret tarihi: 5.02.2025)
  • Anonim (2016). Meyve ve Bağ Hastalıkları Standart İlaç Deneme Metodu http://www.tarim.gov.tr/TAGEM/Belgeler/yayin/Meyve-Bağ Hastalıkları Standart İlaç Deneme Metotları.(Ziyaret tarihi: 02.10.2025)
  • Błaszczyk, U., Wyrzykowska, S., Gąstoł M. (2022). Application of bioactive coatings with killer yeasts to control post-harvest apple decay caused by Botrytis cinerea and Penicillium italicum. Foods, 11.
  • Broggi, L., Reynoso, C., Resnik, S., Martinez, F., Drunday, V. and Bernal, Á. R. (2013). Occurrence ofalternariol and alternariol monomethyl ether in beverages from the Entre Rios Province market, Argentina. Mycotoxin Research, 29(1):17-22.
  • Da Cruz Cabral, L., Terminiello, L., Pinto, V. F., Nielsen, K. F. and Patriarca, A. (2016). Natural occurrence of mycotoxins and toxigenic capacity of Alternaria strains from mouldy peppers. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 236:155-160.
  • DeShields, J.B. and Achala, N.KC. (2021). Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Alternaria spp. Isolated from European Pears, Plant Disease. 105(9):2268-2710.
  • Escrivá, L., Oueslati, S., Font, G. and Manyes, L. (2017). Alternaria mycotoxins in food and feed: an overview. Journal of Food Quality, 1569748.
  • Fernandez-San Millan, A., Larraya, L., Farran, I., Ancin, M., Veramendi, J. (2021). Successful biocontrol of major postharvest and soil-borne plant pathogenic fungi by antagonistic yeasts. Biological Control, 160 (2021), Article 104683.
  • Fernandez-San Millan, A., Gamir, J., Farran, I., Larraya, L., Veramendi, J. (2022a). Identification of new antifungal metabolites produced by the yeast Metschnikowia pulcherrima involved in the biocontrol of postharvest plant pathogenic fungi. Postharvest Biol. Technol, 192.
  • Fernandez-San Millan, A., Gamir, J., Farran, I., Larraya, L., Veramendi, J. (2022b). Towards understanding of fungal biocontrol mechanisms of different yeasts antagonistic to Botrytis cinerea through exometabolomic analysis, Biological Control, 174 (2022), Article 105033.
  • Fleet, G. H. (2003). Yeast interactions and wine flavor. International Journal Food Microbiology, 86, 11−22.
  • Fourie, R., Ells, R., Kemp, G., Sebolai, O.M., Albertyn, J., Pohl, C.H. (2017). Pseudomonas aeruginosa Produces Aspirin Insensitive Eicosanoids and Contributes to the Eicosanoid Profile of Polymicrobial Biofilms With Candida albicans. Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids 117, 36–46.
  • Gao, H., Xu, X., Dai, Y., He, H. (2016). Isolation, identification and characterization of Bacillus subtilis CF-3, a bacterium from fermented bean curd for controlling postharvest diseases of peach fruit. Food Science and Technology Research, 22:377-385.
  • Grebenisan, I., Petruta Cornea, C., Mateescu, R., Olteanu, V. and Voaides, C. (2006). Control of Postharvest Fruit Rot in Apricot and Peach By Metschnikowia pulcherrima. Buletin USAMV-CN, 62:74-79.
  • Guo, W., Fan, K., Nie, D., Meng, J., Huang, Q., Yang, J., Shen, Y., Tangni, E.K., Zhao, Z., Wu, Y. (2019). Development of a QuEChERS-Based UHPLC-MS/MS Method for Simultaneous Determination of Six Alternaria Toxins in Grapes. Toxins, 11, 87.
  • Güngör Savaş, N. (2014). Salkım çürüklük etmeni Kurşuni Küf’ün (Botrytis cinerea) Savaşımı ve Önemi. Hasad, 29 (347): 62-66.
  • Hernandez-Montiel, L.G., Droby, S., Preciado-Rangel, P., Rivas-García, T., González-Estrada, R.R., Gutiérrez-Martínez, P., Ávila-Quezada, G.D. (2021). A sustainable alternative for postharvest disease management and phytopathogens biocontrol in fruit: Antagonistic yeasts. Plants, 10: 2641.
  • Holz, G. and Volkman, A. (2002). Colonization of sites in grape bunches by potential biocontrol organisms and subsequent occurence of Botrytis cinerea, Proc. of the 7th WG Meeting Influence of A-Biotic and Biotic Factors on Biocontrol Agents. Kusadasi, Turkey 22-25 May. Eds Y. Elad, J. Köhl and D. Shtienberg IOBC WPRS Bull., 207-210.
  • Ippolito, A. and Nigro, F. (2000). Impact of preharvest application of biological control agents on postharvest diseases of fresh fruits and vegetables. Crop Protection, 19:715/723.
  • Karabulut, O. A., Tezcan, H., Daus, A., Cohen, L. Wiess, B. and Droby, S. (2004). Control of preharvest and postharvest fruit rot in Strawberry by Metschnikowia fructicola, Biocontrol Science and Technology, 14:5, 513-521
  • Kaya, B. ve Zorba, N.N. (2021). Alternaria Genusu Üyelerinin Meyve ve Sebzeler Üzerine Etkileri. Mantar Dergisi. 12(2):223-239.
  • Kheireddine, A., Essghaier, B., Hedi, A., Dhieb, C., Sadfi-Zouaoui, N. (2018). New epiphytic yeasts able to reduce grey mold disease on apples. Plant Protection Sciences, 54: 248-257.
  • Köycü, N. D., Özer, C., Solak, E., Delen, N. (2018). Infection of Botrytis cinerea in Different Fungicide Application Programs in Semillon Grape. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 15(3): 61-67.
  • Leng, J., Yu, L., Dai, Y., Leng, Y., Wang, C., Chen, Z., Wisniewski, M., Wu, X., Liu, J., Sui, Y. (2022). Recent advances in research on biocontrol of postharvest fungal decay in apples. Food Sci. Nutr., 1-14.
  • Nardi, T. (2020). Microbial Resources as a Tool for Enhancing Sustainability in Winemaking. Microorganisms, 8, 507.
  • Ostry, V. (2008). Alternaria mycotoxins: an overview of chemical characterization, producers, toxicity, analysis and occurrence in foodstuffs. World Mycotoxin Journal, 1(2):175-188.
  • Patriarca, A. (2016). Alternaria in food products. Current Opinion in Food Science, 11:1-9.
  • Patriarca, A. and Pinto, V.F. (2017). Prevalence of mycotoxins in foods and decontamination. Current Opinion in Food Science, 14:50-60.
  • Roberts, R.G., Bischoff, J.F., Reymond, S.T. (2012). Differential gene expression in Alternaria gaisen exposed to dark and light. Mycological Progress 11:373–382.
  • Rodriguez Assaf, L.A., Pedrozo, L.P., Nally, M.C., Pesce, V.M., Toro, M.E., Castellanos de Figueroa, L.I., Vazquez, F. (2020). Use of yeasts from different environments for the control of Penicillium expansum on table grapes at storage temperature. Int. J. Food Microbiol., 320: 108520.
  • Sánchez-García, M., Ryberg, M., Khan, F.K., Varga, T. and Nagy, L.G. (2020). Fruiting body form, not nutritional mode, is the major driver of diversification in mushroom-forming fungi. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117:32528–32534.
  • Sesli, E., Asan, A. ve Selçuk, F. (edlr.) Abacı Günyar, Ö., Akata, I., Akgül, H., Aktaş, S., Alkan, S., Allı, H., Aydoğdu, H., Berikten, D., Demirel, K., Demirel, R., Doğan, H.H., Erdoğdu, M., Ergül, C.C., Eroğlu, G., Giray, G., Halikî Uztan, A., Kabaktepe, Ş., Kadaifçiler, D., Kalyoncu, F., Karaltı, İ., Kaşık, G., Kaya, A., Keleş, A., Kırbağ, S., Kıvanç, M., Ocak, İ., Ökten, S., Özkale, E., Öztürk, C., Sevindik, M., Şen, B., Şen, İ., Türkekul, İ., Ulukapı, M., Uzun, Ya., Uzun,Yu., Yoltaş, A. (2020). Türkiye Mantarları Listesi. İstanbul: Ali Nihat Gökyiğit Vakfı Yayınları.
  • Solairaj, D., Legrand, N.N.G., Yang, Q., Zhang, H. (2020). Isolation of pathogenic fungi causing postharvest decay in table grapes and in vivo biocontrol activity of selected yeasts against them. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, 110:101478.
  • Steel, C. C., Blackman, J.W. and Schmidtke, L.M. (2013). Grapevine Bunch Rots: Impacts on Wine Composition, Quality, and Potential Procedures for the Removal of Wine Faults. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 61:5189−5206.
  • Yıldız, F., Yıldız, M., Delen, N., Kınay, P., Şen, F., Topuzoğlu, M., Akar, A. (2009). Sofralık Sultani Çekirdeksiz Üzümlerden Yüksek Kaliteli ve Güvenli Ürünler Elde Edilmesi için Uygun Kontrol Programlarının Geliştirilmesi, TÜBİTAK (TOVAG 106 O 767) Sonuç Raporu, Eylül, Bornova-İZMİR, Türkiye.
  • Zhao, Q., Shi, Y., Legrand Ngolong Ngea, G., Zhang, X. and Yang, Q. (2023). Changes of the microbial community in kiwifruit during storage after postharvest application of Wickerhamomyces anomalus. Food Chemistry, 404:134593.

The Control of the Post-Harvest Pathogen Alternaria spp. in the Preservation of the Seedless Sultani Grape Variety Grown in the Aegean Region

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1 , 20 - 30 , 30.04.2026
https://doi.org/10.30708/mantar.1799468
https://izlik.org/JA92EX99YM

Öz

The Aegean Region, particularly the province of Manisa, has significant production potential for the cultivation of the Sultani seedless grape variety in Türkiye. Alternaria species, which cause bunch rot disease due to various factors before the harvest period, lead to serious losses in product quality. This study aimed to determine the presence of Alternaria Nees species in Manisa, a province in the Aegean Region where viticulture is intensively practiced, and to evaluate control methods that could provide control against these pathogenic species, including pre-harvest and post-harvest periods. In the experimental vineyards, the granular formulation of the Metschnikowia pulcherrima Pitt & M.W. Mill. U 173/6 strain was used instead of fungicide application in the final pre-harvest spraying, and storage was carried out according to packaging house standards. The harvested grapes were prepared in four replicates with full and half doses of SO₂ paper applications as a control group and stored for three months. According to the results, rot development was determined to be 0.00% during the three-month storage period in the M. pulcherrima and full-dose SO₂ paper applications, while rot was detected at a rate of 99.3–100% in the control applications. Alternaria spp., Aspergillus spp., and Cladosporium spp. were isolated at the highest density in the control groups. The yeast population increased in the first month of storage and decreased in the second month.

Kaynakça

  • Anonim (2024). TÜİK kurumsal, Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. Bitkisel Üretimi, 2. Tahmini, 2024, https://www.tuik.gov.tr. (Ziyaret tarihi: 5.02.2025)
  • Anonim (2016). Meyve ve Bağ Hastalıkları Standart İlaç Deneme Metodu http://www.tarim.gov.tr/TAGEM/Belgeler/yayin/Meyve-Bağ Hastalıkları Standart İlaç Deneme Metotları.(Ziyaret tarihi: 02.10.2025)
  • Błaszczyk, U., Wyrzykowska, S., Gąstoł M. (2022). Application of bioactive coatings with killer yeasts to control post-harvest apple decay caused by Botrytis cinerea and Penicillium italicum. Foods, 11.
  • Broggi, L., Reynoso, C., Resnik, S., Martinez, F., Drunday, V. and Bernal, Á. R. (2013). Occurrence ofalternariol and alternariol monomethyl ether in beverages from the Entre Rios Province market, Argentina. Mycotoxin Research, 29(1):17-22.
  • Da Cruz Cabral, L., Terminiello, L., Pinto, V. F., Nielsen, K. F. and Patriarca, A. (2016). Natural occurrence of mycotoxins and toxigenic capacity of Alternaria strains from mouldy peppers. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 236:155-160.
  • DeShields, J.B. and Achala, N.KC. (2021). Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Alternaria spp. Isolated from European Pears, Plant Disease. 105(9):2268-2710.
  • Escrivá, L., Oueslati, S., Font, G. and Manyes, L. (2017). Alternaria mycotoxins in food and feed: an overview. Journal of Food Quality, 1569748.
  • Fernandez-San Millan, A., Larraya, L., Farran, I., Ancin, M., Veramendi, J. (2021). Successful biocontrol of major postharvest and soil-borne plant pathogenic fungi by antagonistic yeasts. Biological Control, 160 (2021), Article 104683.
  • Fernandez-San Millan, A., Gamir, J., Farran, I., Larraya, L., Veramendi, J. (2022a). Identification of new antifungal metabolites produced by the yeast Metschnikowia pulcherrima involved in the biocontrol of postharvest plant pathogenic fungi. Postharvest Biol. Technol, 192.
  • Fernandez-San Millan, A., Gamir, J., Farran, I., Larraya, L., Veramendi, J. (2022b). Towards understanding of fungal biocontrol mechanisms of different yeasts antagonistic to Botrytis cinerea through exometabolomic analysis, Biological Control, 174 (2022), Article 105033.
  • Fleet, G. H. (2003). Yeast interactions and wine flavor. International Journal Food Microbiology, 86, 11−22.
  • Fourie, R., Ells, R., Kemp, G., Sebolai, O.M., Albertyn, J., Pohl, C.H. (2017). Pseudomonas aeruginosa Produces Aspirin Insensitive Eicosanoids and Contributes to the Eicosanoid Profile of Polymicrobial Biofilms With Candida albicans. Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids 117, 36–46.
  • Gao, H., Xu, X., Dai, Y., He, H. (2016). Isolation, identification and characterization of Bacillus subtilis CF-3, a bacterium from fermented bean curd for controlling postharvest diseases of peach fruit. Food Science and Technology Research, 22:377-385.
  • Grebenisan, I., Petruta Cornea, C., Mateescu, R., Olteanu, V. and Voaides, C. (2006). Control of Postharvest Fruit Rot in Apricot and Peach By Metschnikowia pulcherrima. Buletin USAMV-CN, 62:74-79.
  • Guo, W., Fan, K., Nie, D., Meng, J., Huang, Q., Yang, J., Shen, Y., Tangni, E.K., Zhao, Z., Wu, Y. (2019). Development of a QuEChERS-Based UHPLC-MS/MS Method for Simultaneous Determination of Six Alternaria Toxins in Grapes. Toxins, 11, 87.
  • Güngör Savaş, N. (2014). Salkım çürüklük etmeni Kurşuni Küf’ün (Botrytis cinerea) Savaşımı ve Önemi. Hasad, 29 (347): 62-66.
  • Hernandez-Montiel, L.G., Droby, S., Preciado-Rangel, P., Rivas-García, T., González-Estrada, R.R., Gutiérrez-Martínez, P., Ávila-Quezada, G.D. (2021). A sustainable alternative for postharvest disease management and phytopathogens biocontrol in fruit: Antagonistic yeasts. Plants, 10: 2641.
  • Holz, G. and Volkman, A. (2002). Colonization of sites in grape bunches by potential biocontrol organisms and subsequent occurence of Botrytis cinerea, Proc. of the 7th WG Meeting Influence of A-Biotic and Biotic Factors on Biocontrol Agents. Kusadasi, Turkey 22-25 May. Eds Y. Elad, J. Köhl and D. Shtienberg IOBC WPRS Bull., 207-210.
  • Ippolito, A. and Nigro, F. (2000). Impact of preharvest application of biological control agents on postharvest diseases of fresh fruits and vegetables. Crop Protection, 19:715/723.
  • Karabulut, O. A., Tezcan, H., Daus, A., Cohen, L. Wiess, B. and Droby, S. (2004). Control of preharvest and postharvest fruit rot in Strawberry by Metschnikowia fructicola, Biocontrol Science and Technology, 14:5, 513-521
  • Kaya, B. ve Zorba, N.N. (2021). Alternaria Genusu Üyelerinin Meyve ve Sebzeler Üzerine Etkileri. Mantar Dergisi. 12(2):223-239.
  • Kheireddine, A., Essghaier, B., Hedi, A., Dhieb, C., Sadfi-Zouaoui, N. (2018). New epiphytic yeasts able to reduce grey mold disease on apples. Plant Protection Sciences, 54: 248-257.
  • Köycü, N. D., Özer, C., Solak, E., Delen, N. (2018). Infection of Botrytis cinerea in Different Fungicide Application Programs in Semillon Grape. Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 15(3): 61-67.
  • Leng, J., Yu, L., Dai, Y., Leng, Y., Wang, C., Chen, Z., Wisniewski, M., Wu, X., Liu, J., Sui, Y. (2022). Recent advances in research on biocontrol of postharvest fungal decay in apples. Food Sci. Nutr., 1-14.
  • Nardi, T. (2020). Microbial Resources as a Tool for Enhancing Sustainability in Winemaking. Microorganisms, 8, 507.
  • Ostry, V. (2008). Alternaria mycotoxins: an overview of chemical characterization, producers, toxicity, analysis and occurrence in foodstuffs. World Mycotoxin Journal, 1(2):175-188.
  • Patriarca, A. (2016). Alternaria in food products. Current Opinion in Food Science, 11:1-9.
  • Patriarca, A. and Pinto, V.F. (2017). Prevalence of mycotoxins in foods and decontamination. Current Opinion in Food Science, 14:50-60.
  • Roberts, R.G., Bischoff, J.F., Reymond, S.T. (2012). Differential gene expression in Alternaria gaisen exposed to dark and light. Mycological Progress 11:373–382.
  • Rodriguez Assaf, L.A., Pedrozo, L.P., Nally, M.C., Pesce, V.M., Toro, M.E., Castellanos de Figueroa, L.I., Vazquez, F. (2020). Use of yeasts from different environments for the control of Penicillium expansum on table grapes at storage temperature. Int. J. Food Microbiol., 320: 108520.
  • Sánchez-García, M., Ryberg, M., Khan, F.K., Varga, T. and Nagy, L.G. (2020). Fruiting body form, not nutritional mode, is the major driver of diversification in mushroom-forming fungi. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117:32528–32534.
  • Sesli, E., Asan, A. ve Selçuk, F. (edlr.) Abacı Günyar, Ö., Akata, I., Akgül, H., Aktaş, S., Alkan, S., Allı, H., Aydoğdu, H., Berikten, D., Demirel, K., Demirel, R., Doğan, H.H., Erdoğdu, M., Ergül, C.C., Eroğlu, G., Giray, G., Halikî Uztan, A., Kabaktepe, Ş., Kadaifçiler, D., Kalyoncu, F., Karaltı, İ., Kaşık, G., Kaya, A., Keleş, A., Kırbağ, S., Kıvanç, M., Ocak, İ., Ökten, S., Özkale, E., Öztürk, C., Sevindik, M., Şen, B., Şen, İ., Türkekul, İ., Ulukapı, M., Uzun, Ya., Uzun,Yu., Yoltaş, A. (2020). Türkiye Mantarları Listesi. İstanbul: Ali Nihat Gökyiğit Vakfı Yayınları.
  • Solairaj, D., Legrand, N.N.G., Yang, Q., Zhang, H. (2020). Isolation of pathogenic fungi causing postharvest decay in table grapes and in vivo biocontrol activity of selected yeasts against them. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, 110:101478.
  • Steel, C. C., Blackman, J.W. and Schmidtke, L.M. (2013). Grapevine Bunch Rots: Impacts on Wine Composition, Quality, and Potential Procedures for the Removal of Wine Faults. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 61:5189−5206.
  • Yıldız, F., Yıldız, M., Delen, N., Kınay, P., Şen, F., Topuzoğlu, M., Akar, A. (2009). Sofralık Sultani Çekirdeksiz Üzümlerden Yüksek Kaliteli ve Güvenli Ürünler Elde Edilmesi için Uygun Kontrol Programlarının Geliştirilmesi, TÜBİTAK (TOVAG 106 O 767) Sonuç Raporu, Eylül, Bornova-İZMİR, Türkiye.
  • Zhao, Q., Shi, Y., Legrand Ngolong Ngea, G., Zhang, X. and Yang, Q. (2023). Changes of the microbial community in kiwifruit during storage after postharvest application of Wickerhamomyces anomalus. Food Chemistry, 404:134593.
Toplam 36 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Fitopatoloji
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Nurdan Güngör Savaş 0000-0002-3450-4747

Figen Yıldız 0000-0002-9562-5657

Gönderilme Tarihi 8 Ekim 2025
Kabul Tarihi 6 Aralık 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Nisan 2026
DOI https://doi.org/10.30708/mantar.1799468
IZ https://izlik.org/JA92EX99YM
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2026 Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Güngör Savaş, N., & Yıldız, F. (2026). Ege Bölgesinde Yetiştirilen Sultani Çekirdeksiz Üzüm Çeşidinin Muhafazasında Hasat Sonrası Patojeni Alternaria spp.’nın Kontrolü. Mantar Dergisi, 17(1), 20-30. https://doi.org/10.30708/mantar.1799468

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