Yenilebilen Yabani Mantar Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers.’nın Besinsel Kalitesi ve Biyoaktif Özelliklerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Türkiye zengin ve yenilebilen bir makrofungus çeşitlilğine sahiptir. Bu çalışma, Mardin’de doğal olarak yetişen Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers.’nın kimyasal kompozisyonu, yağ asitleri, aminoasitleri ve biyoaktif özellikleri içeren parametreleri belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Protein, karbonhidrat, yağ, kül, diyet lif ve enerji içerikleri sırasıyla 20.64 g/100 g·dw, 75.1g/100 g, 3.25/100 g, 12.4 g/100 g, 30.4 g/100 g ve 4257 kcal/100 g, bulunmuştur. Linoleik, oleik ve palmitik asit gibi yağ asitleri oldukça fazlaydı. Temel amino asitler arasında en yüksek valindi ve onu threonin takip etti.  β-karoten-linoleic asit metoduyla en yüksek total antioksidan aktivite metanol ekstraktında belirlendi (67.21 mg/ml). En yüksek DPPH radikalini giderme aktivitesi 89.22 mg/ml ile hekzan ektraktında elde edildi. Diğer taraftan, en yüksek antimikrobiyal aktivite Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 ‘a karşı (10 mm)   hekzan ekstraktında elde edildi. Sitotoksik aktivitenin potansiyelinin konsantrasyon ve eksraktların solvent tipine bağımlı olduğu bulunmuştur. Etil asetat eksraktı 550 μg/ml  (99.82 %) konsantrasyon değerinde  (99.82 %)  PC-3 hücre hattına karşı   IC50 264.33 (μg/ml ) ile önemli inhibisyon etkisi göstermiştir. Sonuçta, günlük besin olarak kullanılan bu mantar yeni  ilaç geliştirmek için ve kanser terapisinde   bir çeşit tedavi kaynağı olabilir, ve ayrıca, M. esculenta organik ekstrakları biyoaktiviteyi teşvik eden maddeler içerebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers,kimyasal,bioaktif özellikler,yabani mantarlar

Assessment Of The Nutritional Qualities And Bioactive Properties Of The Wild Edible Mushroom Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers.

Öz

Turkey has a rich and edible macrofungal diversity. This study aim to determinate parameters that included the chemical composition, fatty acids, amino acids and bioactive  properties of  Morchella esculenta which naturally grown in Mardin. Protein, carbohydrate, fat, ash, dietary fiber and energy contents were found 20.64 g/100 g·dw, 75.1g/100 g, 3.25/100 g, 12.4 g/100 g, 30.4 g/100 g  and 4257 kcal/100 g, respectively. Fatty acids such as linoleic, oleic and palmitic acids were relatively abundant. Among the essential aminoacids valin was the highest amount and this was followed by threonine. The highest total antioxidant activity by β-carotene-linoleic acid metod was identified in methanol extract (67.21 mg /ml). The highest DPPH scavenging activity was obtained hexane extract with 89.22 mg/ml.  On the other hand, the highest antimicrobial activity was obtained against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853  (10 mm) in hexane extract. It has been found that the potential of cytotoxic activity is depended on concentration and solvent type of extracts. Ethyl acetate extract showed significant inhibitory value at the concentrations of 550 μg/ml  (99.82 %) against PC-3 cell lines with IC50 264.33 (μg/ml ). Overall, the mushroom used as a daily nutrient could be a source for new drug developments and a kind of  treatment in cancer therapies, and also, organic extracts of M. esculenta may contain  substances that stimulate bioactivity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers,chemical,bioactive properties,wild mushrooms

Kaynakça

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