Yenilebilen Yabani Mantar Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers.’nın Besinsel Kalitesi ve Biyoaktif Özelliklerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 95 - 105, 25.10.2018

Hilal Acay

Öz

Türkiye zengin ve yenilebilen bir makrofungus çeşitlilğine sahiptir. Bu
çalışma, Mardin’de doğal olarak yetişen Morchella
esculenta (L.) Pers.’nın kimyasal
kompozisyonu, yağ asitleri, aminoasitleri ve biyoaktif özellikleri içeren
parametreleri belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Protein, karbonhidrat, yağ, kül,
diyet lif ve enerji içerikleri sırasıyla 20.64 g/100 g·dw, 75.1g/100 g,
3.25/100 g, 12.4 g/100 g, 30.4 g/100 g ve 4257 kcal/100 g, bulunmuştur.
Linoleik, oleik ve palmitik asit gibi yağ asitleri oldukça fazlaydı. Temel
amino asitler arasında en yüksek valindi ve onu threonin takip etti. 
β-karoten-linoleic asit metoduyla en yüksek total antioksidan aktivite
metanol ekstraktında belirlendi (67.21 mg/ml).
En yüksek DPPH radikalini giderme aktivitesi 89.22 mg/ml ile hekzan ektraktında elde edildi. Diğer taraftan, en
yüksek antimikrobiyal aktivite Pseudomonas
aeruginosa ATCC 27853 ‘a karşı (10 mm)   hekzan ekstraktında elde edildi. Sitotoksik
aktivitenin potansiyelinin konsantrasyon ve eksraktların solvent tipine bağımlı
olduğu bulunmuştur. Etil asetat eksraktı 550 μg/ml  (99.82 %)
konsantrasyon değerinde  (99.82 %)  PC-3 hücre
hattına karşı   IC50 264.33 (μg/ml )
ile önemli inhibisyon etkisi göstermiştir. Sonuçta, günlük besin olarak
kullanılan bu mantar yeni  ilaç
geliştirmek için ve kanser terapisinde  
bir çeşit tedavi kaynağı olabilir, ve ayrıca, M. esculenta organik ekstrakları
biyoaktiviteyi teşvik eden maddeler içerebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers, kimyasal, bioaktif özellikler, yabani mantarlar

Assessment Of The Nutritional Qualities And Bioactive Properties Of The Wild Edible Mushroom Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers.

Öz

Turkey has a rich and edible macrofungal diversity. This study aim to determinate parameters that included the chemical composition, fatty acids, amino acids and bioactive  properties of  Morchella esculenta which naturally grown in Mardin. Protein, carbohydrate, fat, ash, dietary fiber and energy contents were found 20.64 g/100 g·dw, 75.1g/100 g, 3.25/100 g, 12.4 g/100 g, 30.4 g/100 g  and 4257 kcal/100 g, respectively. Fatty acids such as linoleic, oleic and palmitic acids were relatively abundant. Among the essential aminoacids valin was the highest amount and this was followed by threonine. The highest total antioxidant activity by β-carotene-linoleic acid metod was identified in methanol extract (67.21 mg /ml). The highest DPPH scavenging activity was obtained hexane extract with 89.22 mg/ml.  On the other hand, the highest antimicrobial activity was obtained against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853  (10 mm) in hexane extract. It has been found that the potential of cytotoxic activity is depended on concentration and solvent type of extracts. Ethyl acetate extract showed significant inhibitory value at the concentrations of 550 μg/ml  (99.82 %) against PC-3 cell lines with IC50 264.33 (μg/ml ). Overall, the mushroom used as a daily nutrient could be a source for new drug developments and a kind of  treatment in cancer therapies, and also, organic extracts of M. esculenta may contain  substances that stimulate bioactivity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers, chemical, bioactive properties, wild mushrooms

Kaynakça

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