FİNANSAL BİLGİ HAKKINDA NE BİLİYORUZ? BİR LİTERATÜR TARAMASI

Öz

Bu makale finansal okuma ikilemi hakkında bir literatür taraması sunmaktadır. Bireylerin ve ailelerin finansal karar alma süreçleri son yıllarda daha hayati bir hale gelmiştir. Giderek daha küreselleşen ve riskli hale gelen pazarlar göz önüne alındığında, küresel finans krizinin güncel bağlamı ve finansal ürün ve hizmetlerin gittikçe karmaşık hale gelmesi, bireylerin iyi bilgilendirilmiş olmasını ve doğru kararlar vermesini zorunlu hale getirmektedir. Sonuç olarak, daha yüksek düzeylerdeki finansal bilgi birikimi daha kapsamlı ekonomik büyümeye ve kalkınmaya katkı sağlamaktadır. Bununla birlikte, genel olarak finansal okumadaki zayıflık, okul müfredatlarında finansal eğitim programlarına ihtiyaç duyulduğunu göstermiştir. Finansal okumayla hem yatırım kararları hem de emeklilik programları arasında olumlu bir ilişki olduğuna ilişkin kanıtlar da vardır. Bugüne kadar yapılan çalışmalar, yaş, cinsiyet, iş tecrübesi, gelir ve eğitim düzeyi gibi sosyoekonomik koşulların finansal bilgi, tutum ve davranışları etkilediğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Finansal Okuma
• Finansal Davranış
• Kişisel Finansman

WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT FINANCIAL LITERACY? A LITERATURE REVIEW

Öz

This article provides a literature review about the dilemma of financial literacy. The individuals and families’ financial decision process is getting more vital in recent years. Given the increasingly risky and globalized markets, the actual context of global financial crisis and the continuous increasing in the complexity of financial products and services, individuals must be able to make well-informed and correct decisions. Consequently, higher levels of financial knowledge contribute to more extensive economic growth and development. However, it has been shown that, in global terms, the financial literacy present low values, which suggest the need of financial educational programs in the schools curricula. There is also evidence of a positive relationship between financial literacy and investment decisions, as well as retirement programs. Studies conducted to date suggest that there are socioeconomic conditions that influence the financial knowledge, attitudes and behaviours, such as age, gender, work experience, income and education level.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Financial Literacy
• Financial Behavior
• Personal Finance

Kaynakça

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