BLACK SEA ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION (BSEC) A NEW REGIONAL INTEGRATION PROJECT

Öz

The process of regional integration is gradually gaining importance in the world. Countries having common interests and harmonious economic structures in a geographically congenial area tend to set up regional economic and commercial associations. This is so because the integrity of markets entails an efficient usage of factors of production (labour, capital and resources), in other words, it increases the production, trade and prosperity of the area by also enhancing competitiveness in the world-trade. There are several models of regional economic and commercial arrangements in the world today. Particularly three economic blocks have affected the world economy: namely, European Community, North American Free Trade Area
and Asian Pacific Economic Co-operation. The European Community (EC) as we know it today is a monument to the dedication of its founders. EC is an advanced form of multisectoral integration, its competence extending to the economy, industry, politics, citizens' rights and aspects of foreign policy. The Treaty of Paris establishing the European Coal and Steel Community ( 1951 ), the Treaties of Rome establishing the European Economic Community and the European Atomic Energy Community (1957), the Single European Act (1986) and the Maastricht Treaty (1992) form the constitutional basis of West European Unity binding its member states more firmly than any other conventional agreement between sovereign states1 • 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• BLACK
• SEA
• ECONOMIC

BLACK SEA ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION (BSEC) A NEW REGIONAL INTEGRATION PROJECT

Öz

The process of regional integration is gradually gaining importance in the world. Countries having common interests and harmonious economic structures in a geographically congenial area tend to set up regional economic and commercial associations. This is so because the integrity of markets entails an efficient usage of factors of production (labour, capital and resources), in other words, it increases the production, trade and prosperity of the area by also enhancing competitiveness in the world-trade. There are several models of regional economic and commercial arrangements in the world today. Particularly three economic blocks have affected the world economy: namely, European Community, North American Free Trade Area
and Asian Pacific Economic Co-operation. The European Community (EC) as we know it today is a monument to the dedication of its founders. EC is an advanced form of multisectoral integration, its competence extending to the economy, industry, politics, citizens' rights and aspects of foreign policy. The Treaty of Paris establishing the European Coal and Steel Community ( 1951 ), the Treaties of Rome establishing the European Economic Community and the European Atomic Energy Community (1957), the Single European Act (1986) and the Maastricht Treaty (1992) form the constitutional basis of West European Unity binding its member states more firmly than any other conventional agreement between sovereign states1 •

Anahtar Kelimeler

• BLACK
• SEA
• ECONOMIC

Kaynakça

1. Balk1r, C. , 1993, "Karadeniz Ekonomik i§birligi Bolgesi (KEIB)", TOsiAD, No. T/93,5 -159, istanbul.
2. • Bello, J. H. and Holmer, A. F., 1993, "The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)", The International Lawyer, vol. 27, No.3, pp. 589-602.
3. • Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC) Secretariat, 1992, "Resolution of the Meeting of the Ministers of Foreign Affairs", Antalya, 10 December.
4. • Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC), 1993, "Report of the Meeting of the Working Group on Trade and Industrial Cooperation", Kiev, 26-27 May.
5. • Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC), 1993, "Report of the Meeting of the Working Group on Transport and Communications", 1 - 2 June.
6. • Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC) Secretariat, 1993, "Report of the Meeting of the Working Group on Transport and Communications", Athens, 24 November.
7. • Bollard, A. and Mayes, D., 1992, Regionalism and the Pasific Rim, Journal of Common Market Studies, vol. xxx, No. 2, pp. 195 - 209.
8. • Cumhuriyet, 1992, "Karadeniz'de Somut Ad1mlar", 14 December, p. 3.

9. • Cumhuriyet, 1992, ''Turkiye, Boru Hatt1 Koprusu", 24 August, p. 1, 15.
10. • Dartan, M., 1992, "Karadeniz Ekonomik i§birligi: Turkiye Lokomotif', Gi5r0§, No. 4, pp. 32- 35.
11. • Dartan, M., 1992, "Azerbaycan'in Ekonomik Yap1s1 ve Piyasa Ekonomisine Ge~i§ Donemi Sorunlan", in istanbul Sanayi Odas1 (ISO), BagJmSIZ Devletler Toplulugu ve Orta Asya Cumhuriyetleri, No. 11, pp. 86-93.
12. • De Lange, H., 1988, "Taking Stock of the EC- EFTA Dialogue", in Jamar, J. and in Jamar, Wallace, H. (eds.), EEC- EFTA More Than Just Good Friends?, Proceedings of the Symposium organized by the College of Europe, 30 June- 2 July 1988, Bruges, pp. 310- 321 .
13. • Devlet Planlama Te§kilatl (DPl), 1993, "Parliamentary Assembly of Black Sea Economic Cooperation Rules of Procedure".
14. • Dl§ Ekonomik ili§kiler Konseyi (DEIK), 1990, "Turkiye- Sovyetler Birligi Ekonomik ili§kileri", istanbul.
15. • Dominik, L., 1992, lnst~utionallssues: Participation in Community Institutions" Marmara Journal of European Studies, vol. 2, 1 - 2, pp. 55 - 71 .
16. • Dunya, 1992, "KEIB, 11 Olkenin imza Koymas1yla Resmen ~uruldu", 26 June, pp. 1, 12. • Dunya, 1994, "BSEC and CIS", 30 March.
17. • EC- Commission, 1992, "Treaty on European Union", Luxembourg.
18. • EC- Commission, 1992, "Europe in Ten Lessons", Luxembourg.
19. • EC -Commission, 1993, "Europe in A Changing World -the External Relations of the European
20. Community", Luxembourg. BLACK SEA ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION (BSEC) 153
21. • Financial Times, 1994, "Pollution threat as tanker collision leaves 12 dead", 15 March.
22. • Harrison, D. and Weigel, K. G., 1993, "Customs Provisions and Rules of Origin under the NAFTA", The International Lawyer, val. 27, No.3, pp. 647 - 669.
23. • Istanbul Ticaret, 1992, "Asya- Pasifik Bolgesi Dunya Ekonomisinin Merkezi Olmaya Aday", 14 August, p. 3.
24. • Karadeniz Ekonomik i~birligi Konseyi (KEIK), 1994, "1993 Faaliyetleri", Istanbul.
25. • Ku~oglu, 1., 1994, "Turkiye'de Sm1r ve K1y1 Ticareti Uygulamas1", GumrDk Dergisi, No. 8, pp. 31 -39 .
26. • Milliyet, 1992, "Zenginler Umudu", 9 July, p. 6.
27. • Milliyet, 1993, "Turk Cumhuriyetleri ve Avrasya Yat1nm- Ticaret Rehberi", Ozel Ek.
28. • Nokta, 1992, "Karadeniz ve Trakya'da Kan Kanseri Deh~eti" , No. 20, 17 May, pp. 42-48.
29. • Ocal, T. and Oktay, E. (eds.), 1989, "Ekonomi SoziUgu", Ankara.
30. • The Wall Street Journal Europe, 1993, "Brussels to Bulgaria: Keep Waiting", 24 November.
31. • Turkish Daily News, 1992, "Black Sea Summit", 25 June.
32. • Viya, 1992, "Bir Seminer- Bir Sorun", No. 2, istanbul.
33. • Viya, 1992, "Karadeniz'de Nukleer End ~e , No. 3, istanbul.