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A COMPARISON OF ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY REGULATION AND RESTRUCTURING: GREECE AND TURKEY

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 1, 65 - 84, 28.06.2014
https://doi.org/10.29228/mjes.93

Öz

The main aim of this paper is to compare the experience of regulation and restructuring in the Greek and the Turkish electricity industries. For this purpose, a comparison of data on the two industries is employed. A quantitative analysis of the impact of restructuring these two countries’ presented and complemented with an evaluation of relevant legislation, policy changes and regulation scores. The paper shows that the electricity industries in Turkey and Greece have undergone a radical restructuring, but which remains an ongoing process. The main conclusion is that the two industries face number of challenges, and that institutional and political reforms ensuring the smooth functioning of the electricity industries thus need to be enacted. In addition, there is a crucial need for a debate about regulatory principles for the industry in both countries

Kaynakça

  • Andrianesis, P., Biskasb& P., Liberopoulos, G., (2011), ‘An overview of Greece’s wholesale electricity market with emphasis on ancillary services’, Electric Power Systems Research, Vol.81,No.8, pp. 1631–1642.
  • Atiyas, I., Çetin, T. & Gülen, G., (2012), Reforming Turkish Energy Market- Political Economy, Regulation and Competition in the Search for Energy Policy, Springer, New York.
  • Avrupa Komisyonu, (2011), Türkiye 2011 Yılı İlerleme Raporu, Avrupa Komisyonu, Brüksel.
  • Camadan, E., (2011), ‘Why 2012 will be so important for the Restructured Turkish Electricity Market’, The Electricity Journal, Vol.24, No.10, pp. 70-78.
  • Cetin, T. & Oguz, F., (2007), ‘The Politics of Regulation in the Turkish Electricity Market’, Energy Policy, Vol.35,No.3, pp. 1761-1770.
  • Chalvatzis, K. J. & Hooper, E., (2009), ‘Energy security vs. climate change: Theoretical framework development and experience in selected EU electricity markets’, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol.13,No.9, pp. 2703–2709.
  • Conway, P. & Nicoletti, G., (2006), ‘Product market regulation in non-manufacturing sectors in OECD countries: measurement and highlights’, OECD Economics Department Working Paper No.530.
  • Danias, N., Swales, J. K. & McGregor, P., (2013), ‘The Greek Electricity Market Reforms: Political and Regulatory Considerations’, Energy Policy, Vol.62, pp. 1040–1047.
  • DPT, (2009), Electricity Energy Market and Supply Security Strategy Paper, Higher Board of Planning, Ankara.
  • Durakoglu, S. M., (2011), ‘Political Institutions of Electricity Regulation: The Case of Turkey’, Energy Policy, Vol.39, No.9, pp. 5578-5587.
  • Energy Market Regulatory Authority (EMRA), (2010), Electricity Market Report, http://www.epdk.gov.tr/documents/elektrik/rapor_yayin/ElectricityMarketReport2010.p df, Retrieved on: December 5, 2011.
  • EIA (2014a), ‘International Energy Statistics’, http://www.eia.gov/countries/data.cfm Retrieved on: May 23, 2014.
  • EIA, (2014b), ‘Policies that Work’, Electricity -Journal of International Energy Agency, Issue 6- 2nd quarter, pp. 4041http://www.iea.org/media/ieajournal/IEAENERGY_Issue6.pdf, Retrieved on: June 2, 2014.
  • EIA, (2014c), Turkey Full Report, http://www.eia.gov/countries/cab.cfm?fips=TURetrieved on: May 24, 2014.
  • ENTSOE, (2013), ‘Annual Work Programme 2013-2014’, European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity, https://www.entsoe.eu/publications/general-publications/annual-workprogramme/Pages/default.aspx, Retrieved on: February 28, 2014.
  • Erdogan, F. H., Cetinkaya, S. & Dusmez E. T., (2008), ‘Market Liberalization Process and Market Arrangements in Turkey’, Electricity Market, 2008. EEM, 2008, 5th International Conference European.
  • Erdoğdu, E., (2007), ‘Regulatory Reform in Turkish Energy Industry: An analysis’, Energy Policy, Vol.35, No.2,pp. 984-993.
  • EURELECTRIC, (2011), Power Statistics and Trends 2011 Edition, http://www.eurelectric.org/PowerStats2011, Retrieved on: February 23, 2012.
  • European Commission (EC), (2011), European Economy, Occasional Papers 77, The Economic Adjustment Programme for Greece, Third Review, Brussels.
  • Eurostat, (2012), http://epp.eurostat.ec.europea.eu, Retrieved on: September 11, 2012.
  • Eurostat, (2014), http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu, Retrieved on: May 23, 2014.
  • Gözen, M., (2014), ‘Renewable Energy Support Mechanism in Turkey: Financial Analysis and Recommendations to Policymakers’, International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Vol. 4, No.2, pp.274-287.
  • Haas, R. & Auer, H., (2006), ‘The prerequisites for effective competition in restructured wholesale electricity Markets’, Energy,Vol.31,No.6-7, pp. 857-864.
  • Herdem, (2014), 2013 Turkey Energy Report, Herdem Attornays at Law.
  • HTSO (Hellenic Transmission System Operator S.A.), (2012), http://www.desmie.grRetrieved on: February 23, 2012.
  • Iliadou, E.N., (2009), ‘Electricity Sector Reform in Greece’, Utility Policy, Vol.17, No.1, pp. 76-87.
  • Jamasb, T., Mota, R., Newbery, D., Pollitt, M., (2004), ‘Electricity Sector Reform in Developing Countries: A Survey of Empirical Evidence on Determinants and Performance’, Cambridge Working Papers in Economics CWPE 0439.
  • Kalantzis, F. & Sakellaris, K., (2012), “Investigating the Impact of the Greek Electricity Market Reforms on its Day-Ahead Market Prices”, MPRA Paper No. 37794, pp. 1-10. http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/37794/1/MPRA_paper_37794.pdf, Retrieved on: October 20, 2013.
  • Karahan, H. & Toptas, M., (2013), ‘The effect of power distribution privatization on electricity prices in Turkey: Has liberalization served the purpose?’, Energy Policy, Vol.63, pp. 614–621.
  • Koroneos, C. S. & Nanaki E. A., (2007), ‘Electric energy sustainability in the Eastern Balkans’, Energy Policy,Vol.35, pp. 3826–3842.
  • Maroulis, G., Piria, R., Zane, E. B., Frank, R. & Bauknecht, D., (2011), Integration of electricity from renewables to the electricity grid and to the electricity market – RES INTEGRATION National report: Greece, Berlin.
  • MENR, (2012), Republic of Turkey Minister of Energy and Natural Resources, http://www.enerji.gov.tr, Retrieved on: March 15, 2012.
  • MENR, (2014), http://www.enerji.gov.tr, Retrieved on: May 29, 2014.
  • OECD, (2001a), OECD Regulatory Reviews of Regulatory Reform, Regulatory Reform in Greece, Regulatory Reform in Electricity, Domestic Ferries and Trucking.
  • OECD, (2001b), OECD Regulatory Reviews of Regulatory Reform, Regulatory Reform in Greece, Enhanching Market Openness Though Regulatory Reform. http://www.oecd.org/greece/2756295.pdf, Retrieved on: December 3, 2012.
  • OECD/IEA, (2011a), Energy Policies of IEA Countries - Greece 2011 Review, France. http://www.iea.org Retrieved on: February 8, 2013.
  • OECD/IEA, (2011b), Energy Policies of IEA Countries - Greece 2011 Review, Executive summary and Key Recommendations. http://www.iea.org/Textbase/npsum/greece2011SUM.pdf, Retrieved on: February 8, 2013.
  • OECD, (2012), http://www.oecd.org, Retrieved on: December 3, 2012.
  • Özkıvrak, Ö., (2005), ‘Electricity Restructuring in Turkey’, Energy Policy, Vol.33, 13391350.
  • RAE, (2010), 2010 National Report to the European Commision, Athens. http://www.rae.gr/old/K2/NR-Greece-2010.pdf, Retrieved on: February 3, 2012.
  • RAE, (2011), 2011 National Report to the European Commision, Athens. http://www.rae.gr/site/file/system/docs/misc1/20102011/16112011, Retrieved on: February 8, 2012.
  • RAE, (2012), http://www.rae.gr, Retrieved on: February 3, 2012.
  • RAE, (2014), http://.www.rae.gr, Retrieved on: February 28, 2014.
  • Sakellaris, K., Perrakis, K.G. & Angelidis, G., (2010), ‘Evaluating the New Greek Electricity MarketRules’, MEDPOWER 2010 Conference, Agia Napa, Cyprus.
  • The World Bank, (2014), http://data.worldbank.org, Retrieved on: May 23, 2014.
  • Woude, M., (2008), ‘Unfair and excessive prices in the energy sector’, European Review of Energy Markets, Vol.2, No.3, pp. 1-29.

ELEKTRİK ENDÜSTRİSİ REGÜLASYONU VE YENİDEN YAPILANMASINA DAİR BİR KARŞILAŞTIRMA: YUNANİSTAN VE TÜRKİYE

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 1, 65 - 84, 28.06.2014
https://doi.org/10.29228/mjes.93

Öz

Bu makalenin amacı, Yunanistan ve Türk elektrik endüstrilerinin regülasyon ve
yeniden yapılanma tecrübelerinin karşılaştırılmasıdır. Bu amaca yönelik söz
konusu iki endüstrinin verilerinin karşılaştırılması tercih edildi. Bu endüstrilerdeki
yeniden yapılanmanın etkisi niceliksel analizle gösteriliyor. Bu analiz, iki ülkenin
elektrik endüstrilerindeki yasal ve politika değişimleri ile regülasyon skorlarını
kapsayan bir değerlendirmeyle tamamlanmaktadır. Makale, hem Türkiye hem de
Yunanistan’daki elektrik endüstrilerinin radikal yeniden yapılanma içinde
٭ Asst. Prof. (PhD), Marmara University, Department of Economics, e-mail: yesimreel@marmara.edu.tr
66 A COMPARISON OF ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY REGULATION
bulunduklarını ve bu sürecin hala devam ettiğini göstermektedir. Makalenin en
önemli sonucu söz konusu elektrik endüstrilerinin çok sayıda problem ile karşı
karşıya olduğudur. Dolayısıyla, bu iki elektrik endüstrisinin gerektiği şekilde
işleyişinin sağlanabilmesi için kurumsal ve politik reformlara devam edilmesi
gerekmektedir. Buna ilave olarak, Yunanistan ve Türk elektrik endüstrilerinin
regülasyon prensipleri üzerine ciddi bir tartışmanın yürütülmesi de elzemdir

Kaynakça

  • Andrianesis, P., Biskasb& P., Liberopoulos, G., (2011), ‘An overview of Greece’s wholesale electricity market with emphasis on ancillary services’, Electric Power Systems Research, Vol.81,No.8, pp. 1631–1642.
  • Atiyas, I., Çetin, T. & Gülen, G., (2012), Reforming Turkish Energy Market- Political Economy, Regulation and Competition in the Search for Energy Policy, Springer, New York.
  • Avrupa Komisyonu, (2011), Türkiye 2011 Yılı İlerleme Raporu, Avrupa Komisyonu, Brüksel.
  • Camadan, E., (2011), ‘Why 2012 will be so important for the Restructured Turkish Electricity Market’, The Electricity Journal, Vol.24, No.10, pp. 70-78.
  • Cetin, T. & Oguz, F., (2007), ‘The Politics of Regulation in the Turkish Electricity Market’, Energy Policy, Vol.35,No.3, pp. 1761-1770.
  • Chalvatzis, K. J. & Hooper, E., (2009), ‘Energy security vs. climate change: Theoretical framework development and experience in selected EU electricity markets’, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol.13,No.9, pp. 2703–2709.
  • Conway, P. & Nicoletti, G., (2006), ‘Product market regulation in non-manufacturing sectors in OECD countries: measurement and highlights’, OECD Economics Department Working Paper No.530.
  • Danias, N., Swales, J. K. & McGregor, P., (2013), ‘The Greek Electricity Market Reforms: Political and Regulatory Considerations’, Energy Policy, Vol.62, pp. 1040–1047.
  • DPT, (2009), Electricity Energy Market and Supply Security Strategy Paper, Higher Board of Planning, Ankara.
  • Durakoglu, S. M., (2011), ‘Political Institutions of Electricity Regulation: The Case of Turkey’, Energy Policy, Vol.39, No.9, pp. 5578-5587.
  • Energy Market Regulatory Authority (EMRA), (2010), Electricity Market Report, http://www.epdk.gov.tr/documents/elektrik/rapor_yayin/ElectricityMarketReport2010.p df, Retrieved on: December 5, 2011.
  • EIA (2014a), ‘International Energy Statistics’, http://www.eia.gov/countries/data.cfm Retrieved on: May 23, 2014.
  • EIA, (2014b), ‘Policies that Work’, Electricity -Journal of International Energy Agency, Issue 6- 2nd quarter, pp. 4041http://www.iea.org/media/ieajournal/IEAENERGY_Issue6.pdf, Retrieved on: June 2, 2014.
  • EIA, (2014c), Turkey Full Report, http://www.eia.gov/countries/cab.cfm?fips=TURetrieved on: May 24, 2014.
  • ENTSOE, (2013), ‘Annual Work Programme 2013-2014’, European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity, https://www.entsoe.eu/publications/general-publications/annual-workprogramme/Pages/default.aspx, Retrieved on: February 28, 2014.
  • Erdogan, F. H., Cetinkaya, S. & Dusmez E. T., (2008), ‘Market Liberalization Process and Market Arrangements in Turkey’, Electricity Market, 2008. EEM, 2008, 5th International Conference European.
  • Erdoğdu, E., (2007), ‘Regulatory Reform in Turkish Energy Industry: An analysis’, Energy Policy, Vol.35, No.2,pp. 984-993.
  • EURELECTRIC, (2011), Power Statistics and Trends 2011 Edition, http://www.eurelectric.org/PowerStats2011, Retrieved on: February 23, 2012.
  • European Commission (EC), (2011), European Economy, Occasional Papers 77, The Economic Adjustment Programme for Greece, Third Review, Brussels.
  • Eurostat, (2012), http://epp.eurostat.ec.europea.eu, Retrieved on: September 11, 2012.
  • Eurostat, (2014), http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu, Retrieved on: May 23, 2014.
  • Gözen, M., (2014), ‘Renewable Energy Support Mechanism in Turkey: Financial Analysis and Recommendations to Policymakers’, International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Vol. 4, No.2, pp.274-287.
  • Haas, R. & Auer, H., (2006), ‘The prerequisites for effective competition in restructured wholesale electricity Markets’, Energy,Vol.31,No.6-7, pp. 857-864.
  • Herdem, (2014), 2013 Turkey Energy Report, Herdem Attornays at Law.
  • HTSO (Hellenic Transmission System Operator S.A.), (2012), http://www.desmie.grRetrieved on: February 23, 2012.
  • Iliadou, E.N., (2009), ‘Electricity Sector Reform in Greece’, Utility Policy, Vol.17, No.1, pp. 76-87.
  • Jamasb, T., Mota, R., Newbery, D., Pollitt, M., (2004), ‘Electricity Sector Reform in Developing Countries: A Survey of Empirical Evidence on Determinants and Performance’, Cambridge Working Papers in Economics CWPE 0439.
  • Kalantzis, F. & Sakellaris, K., (2012), “Investigating the Impact of the Greek Electricity Market Reforms on its Day-Ahead Market Prices”, MPRA Paper No. 37794, pp. 1-10. http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/37794/1/MPRA_paper_37794.pdf, Retrieved on: October 20, 2013.
  • Karahan, H. & Toptas, M., (2013), ‘The effect of power distribution privatization on electricity prices in Turkey: Has liberalization served the purpose?’, Energy Policy, Vol.63, pp. 614–621.
  • Koroneos, C. S. & Nanaki E. A., (2007), ‘Electric energy sustainability in the Eastern Balkans’, Energy Policy,Vol.35, pp. 3826–3842.
  • Maroulis, G., Piria, R., Zane, E. B., Frank, R. & Bauknecht, D., (2011), Integration of electricity from renewables to the electricity grid and to the electricity market – RES INTEGRATION National report: Greece, Berlin.
  • MENR, (2012), Republic of Turkey Minister of Energy and Natural Resources, http://www.enerji.gov.tr, Retrieved on: March 15, 2012.
  • MENR, (2014), http://www.enerji.gov.tr, Retrieved on: May 29, 2014.
  • OECD, (2001a), OECD Regulatory Reviews of Regulatory Reform, Regulatory Reform in Greece, Regulatory Reform in Electricity, Domestic Ferries and Trucking.
  • OECD, (2001b), OECD Regulatory Reviews of Regulatory Reform, Regulatory Reform in Greece, Enhanching Market Openness Though Regulatory Reform. http://www.oecd.org/greece/2756295.pdf, Retrieved on: December 3, 2012.
  • OECD/IEA, (2011a), Energy Policies of IEA Countries - Greece 2011 Review, France. http://www.iea.org Retrieved on: February 8, 2013.
  • OECD/IEA, (2011b), Energy Policies of IEA Countries - Greece 2011 Review, Executive summary and Key Recommendations. http://www.iea.org/Textbase/npsum/greece2011SUM.pdf, Retrieved on: February 8, 2013.
  • OECD, (2012), http://www.oecd.org, Retrieved on: December 3, 2012.
  • Özkıvrak, Ö., (2005), ‘Electricity Restructuring in Turkey’, Energy Policy, Vol.33, 13391350.
  • RAE, (2010), 2010 National Report to the European Commision, Athens. http://www.rae.gr/old/K2/NR-Greece-2010.pdf, Retrieved on: February 3, 2012.
  • RAE, (2011), 2011 National Report to the European Commision, Athens. http://www.rae.gr/site/file/system/docs/misc1/20102011/16112011, Retrieved on: February 8, 2012.
  • RAE, (2012), http://www.rae.gr, Retrieved on: February 3, 2012.
  • RAE, (2014), http://.www.rae.gr, Retrieved on: February 28, 2014.
  • Sakellaris, K., Perrakis, K.G. & Angelidis, G., (2010), ‘Evaluating the New Greek Electricity MarketRules’, MEDPOWER 2010 Conference, Agia Napa, Cyprus.
  • The World Bank, (2014), http://data.worldbank.org, Retrieved on: May 23, 2014.
  • Woude, M., (2008), ‘Unfair and excessive prices in the energy sector’, European Review of Energy Markets, Vol.2, No.3, pp. 1-29.
Toplam 46 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Yeşim Reel Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Haziran 2014
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2014 Cilt: 22 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Reel, Y. (2014). A COMPARISON OF ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY REGULATION AND RESTRUCTURING: GREECE AND TURKEY. Marmara Üniversitesi Avrupa Araştırmaları Enstitüsü Avrupa Araştırmaları Dergisi, 22(1), 65-84. https://doi.org/10.29228/mjes.93
AMA Reel Y. A COMPARISON OF ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY REGULATION AND RESTRUCTURING: GREECE AND TURKEY. MJES. Haziran 2014;22(1):65-84. doi:10.29228/mjes.93
Chicago Reel, Yeşim. “A COMPARISON OF ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY REGULATION AND RESTRUCTURING: GREECE AND TURKEY”. Marmara Üniversitesi Avrupa Araştırmaları Enstitüsü Avrupa Araştırmaları Dergisi 22, sy. 1 (Haziran 2014): 65-84. https://doi.org/10.29228/mjes.93.
EndNote Reel Y (01 Haziran 2014) A COMPARISON OF ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY REGULATION AND RESTRUCTURING: GREECE AND TURKEY. Marmara Üniversitesi Avrupa Araştırmaları Enstitüsü Avrupa Araştırmaları Dergisi 22 1 65–84.
IEEE Y. Reel, “A COMPARISON OF ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY REGULATION AND RESTRUCTURING: GREECE AND TURKEY”, MJES, c. 22, sy. 1, ss. 65–84, 2014, doi: 10.29228/mjes.93.
ISNAD Reel, Yeşim. “A COMPARISON OF ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY REGULATION AND RESTRUCTURING: GREECE AND TURKEY”. Marmara Üniversitesi Avrupa Araştırmaları Enstitüsü Avrupa Araştırmaları Dergisi 22/1 (Haziran 2014), 65-84. https://doi.org/10.29228/mjes.93.
JAMA Reel Y. A COMPARISON OF ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY REGULATION AND RESTRUCTURING: GREECE AND TURKEY. MJES. 2014;22:65–84.
MLA Reel, Yeşim. “A COMPARISON OF ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY REGULATION AND RESTRUCTURING: GREECE AND TURKEY”. Marmara Üniversitesi Avrupa Araştırmaları Enstitüsü Avrupa Araştırmaları Dergisi, c. 22, sy. 1, 2014, ss. 65-84, doi:10.29228/mjes.93.
Vancouver Reel Y. A COMPARISON OF ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY REGULATION AND RESTRUCTURING: GREECE AND TURKEY. MJES. 2014;22(1):65-84.