Investigation of Heavy Metal Pollution on Agricultural Lands in the South of Marmara Region

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 1, 24 - 40, 26.03.2013

Güler Dartan İsmail Toröz

Öz

This study explores the amount of heavy metals in the agricultural lands around the south of Marmara Region and makes an assesment on the reasons for high level of heavy metal concentration in soil. In this sense, this study concentrates on the environmental impact of storage and transportation of phosphogypsum, which is revealed as a by-product of phosphoric acid production. Moreover, the use of phosphogypsum as a fertilizer has also taken into consideration. In order to find out the range of pollution, thirty different samples of soil were taken in sequences of varying up to 15 kms. The direction of the sequences were determined according to the wind and the intervals of the the sequences were widening from the initial to the ultimate points. The concentrations of certain elements (Fe, Mn, Ca, Cr, Na, Mg, Al, P, K, V, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Cd, Sb, Pb) in soil samples were analysed with ICP-MS. The soil samples were divided into nine different groups according to the wind direction and proximity. An area that covers four samples, which fell outside the direction of the wind, were selected as a reference. Among the 19 elements that cause to pollution, some metals (Cr, Cd, Ni, Cu, Zn) with high concentration (395, 152, 181, 215, 263 mg/kg, respectively) were compared to reference area for the purpose of clarifying the differences.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Phosphogypsum;Heavy Metal;Soil Pollution

Güney Marmara Bölgesinde Tarım Topraklarında Ağır Metal Kirliliğinin Araştırılması

Öz

Bu çalışmada; güney Marmara bölgesinde, tarım yapılan topraklarda bulunan ağır metaller araştırılmış, bu kapsamda bulunan ağır metal konsantrasyon değerlerinin yüksek olmasının sebepleri irdelenmiştir. Bu anlamda, bölgede fosforik asit üretimi esnasında yan ürün olarak açığa çıkan fosfojipsin depolanması ve taşınmasının oluşturabileceği çevresel etkilerin yanısıra, gübre maksadıyla kullanılmış olmasının üzerinde yoğunlaşılmıştır. Araştırma yapılan bölgeden rüzgarın taşınım yönüne bağlı olarak kirlenmenin taşınabileceği uzaklığı belirlemek amacıyla depolama sahasından gittikçe artan aralıklarla yaklaşık 15 km uzaklığa kadar 30 adet toprak numunesi alınmıştır. Alınan toprak numunelerindeki Fe, Mn, Ca, Cr, Na, Mg, Al, P, K, V, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Cd, Sb, Pb elementlerinin konsantrasyonları ICP-MS cihazında analiz edilmiştir. Toprak numuneleri, birbirlerine yakınlıkları ve rüzgar taşıma yönleri dikkate alınarak 9 gruba ayrılmıştır. Rüzgar taşıma yönünün dışında kalan 4 numuneyi içeren bölge şahit olarak seçilmiştir. Analizi yapılan 19 element arasında toprak kirlenmesine neden olan Cr, Cd, Ni, Cu, Zn gibi metallerin sırasıyla 395, 152, 181, 215, 263 mg/kg gibi yüksek konsantrasyonları, şahit bölge toprağı ile karşılaştırılarak farklılığın sebepleri açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fosfojips;Ağır Metal;Toprak Kirliliği

Kaynakça

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