Seküler Ahlakın ve Hukuki Sorumluluğun Temeli Olarak Sürdürülebilirlik

Öz

Bu çalışma, ahlakın temelini sürdürülebilirlik perspektifinden inceleyerek faydacılık ve deontoloji gibi geleneksel yaklaşımlardan ayrılmaktadır. Çalışma, sürdürülebilirliğin ahlaki ve hukuki sorumluluğun temelini oluşturduğunu öne sürerek, her ikisi için de yol gösterici bir ilke olarak önerir. Aristoteles'in phronesis (pratik bilgelik) kavramından yola çıkan çalışma, lineer zaman, irade ve nedensellik gibi temel unsurları ele almakta ve fiziksel gerçekliğin olasılıksal doğasından hareketle özgür iradeyi determinizme karşı varsaymaktadır. Bu bağlamda, ahlakın çerçevesi sürdürülebilirlik etrafında şekillendirilmiş, sürdürülebilirlik etki değerlendirmesi araçları ve yöntemleri ahlaki değerlendirmeye uygulanmıştır. Bu yaklaşım, normatif etik için bir metaetik temel sunmakta ve sürdürülebilirlik ile ahlak arasında özgün bir analitik bağ kurmaktadır. Son olarak, hukuki sorumluluğu sürdürülebilirlik ile ilişkilendiren çalışma, davranışların teamül hukuku yoluyla nasıl normlara dönüştüğünü açıklamaktadır. Buna göre, hukuki sorumluluğun temeli, sürdürülemez uygulamaların norm haline gelmesini önlemeye dayanmaktadır. Çalışma, sürdürülebilirliği ahlak ve hukuk felsefesi için temel bir ilke olarak konumlandırmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• sürdürülebilirlik etiği
• metaetik
• olasılıksal özgür irade
• felsefi inşacılık
• hukuki sorumluluk
• teamül hukuku

Sustainability as the Foundation of Secular Morality and Legal Responsibility

Öz

This study explores the foundation of morality through the lens of sustainability, diverging from traditional approaches such as utilitarianism and deontology. It argues that sustainability itself underpins moral and legal responsibility, proposing it as a guiding principle for both. Building on Aristotle's concept of phronesis, the study addresses linear time, will, and causality as essential components, with free will assumed due to the probabilistic nature of physical reality rather than determinism. The framework of morality is thus constructed around sustainability, with tools and methods from sustainability impact assessment applied to moral evaluation. This approach offers a metaethical foundation for normative ethics and provides a novel analytical link between sustainability and morality. Finally, it connects legal responsibility to sustainability, explaining how behaviors evolve into norms through customary law. Accordingly, the foundation of legal responsibility lies in preventing unsustainable practices from becoming normative. The study establishes sustainability as an essential principle in moral and legal philosophy.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• sustainability ethics
• metaethics
• probabilistic free will
• philosophical constructivism
• legal responsibility
• customary law

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