DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF UNICOMPARTMENTAL KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS

Yıl 2003, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 3, 228 - 235, 03.12.2016

Mustafa Karahan

Öz

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disorder in the world. Radiographic evidence of OA is seen in the majority of people by 65 years of age, and in about 80% of those aged over 75 years (1). OA of the knee, the principal joint to be affected, is a common clinical problem: 2% of the United States population over seventeen years of age and 10% of people over sixty-five years of age have clinically relevant arthritis of the knee (2). Arthritis of the knee causes pain and restricts activity, and patients with arthritis are twice as likely to seek medical care as are their peers without arthritis (3). The risk of disability due to knee OA alone is as great as that due to cardiac disease and greater than that due to any other medical disease in the elderly (4).
The most common symptom of arthritis of the knee is pain confined to the affected compartment(s), which may be associated with swelling, effusion, instability, impingement, crepitus, stiffness, and malalignment. Radiographic findings of knee arthritis may include joint space narrowing, squaring of the femoral condyle, subchondral sclerosis, intercondylar spurring, joint line osteophytes, and varus or valgus malalignment of the affected limb
(5).
The etiology of OA is multifactorial and various risk factors are known to increase the susceptibility to OA. These include heredity,
obesity, reproductive variables, age, hypermobility, and mechanical factors like joint trauma, abnormalities of joint shape, and various occupations and activities (1). Although age is the strongest risk factor for OA, it is not possible to see OA as a form of premature aging. Various differences can be set between osteoarthritis and aging.
The medial compartment of the knee is overall more affected than the lateral compartment of the knee. “Unicompartmental” arthritis of the knee is a degenerative condition characterized by abnormal articular cartilage in the medial part of the tibiofemoral joint, which may be associated with meniscal disruption, ligamentous instability, and limb malalignment. The most common symptom is pain confined to the medial compartment, which may be associated with other symptoms of OA (6).

Kaynakça

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