Under the Shades of Cultural Analysis: The Case of Youth Movement of the 1960s and 1970s in Turkey
Öz
In the 1960s cultural-particularistic analysis started to gain currency in social sciences and humanities weakening the popularity of the once-dominant universalist paradigm. The problems of societies and reactions to those problems were explained with reference to culture in the wide sense of the concept. In this sense, it was assumed that the radical social movements of the era erupted because of rapid change, which led to the erosion of traditional value system and, thus, long-standing cultural structures of societies. This article through focusing on the political youth movement of the 1960s and 1970s in Turkey, aims at discussing the impact of this approach with its theoretical and methodological implications. The research and analyses adopting this new approach tended to indicate the interventions of the Kemalist centre to the conservative-authentic periphery as the main source of the social conflicts in Turkish society. According to this viewpoint, these interventions eroded the traditional values and structures but failed to replace them with the new ones. The radical youth movement was interpreted in the same vein and presented as the outcome of this social deterioration and value crisis. The analyses adopting this outlook through solely focusing on the political violence between the leftists and rightist student groups offered the argument that their relations with their fathers or their adolescence problems were the psychological backgrounds of the violence among the young people. In this type of interpretation the conflict between the modern centre and conservative periphery emerges as the 'primary conflict' while the political activism of the youth as secondary, dependent on the former. Here, it is argued that this reading of the radical movements neglected the role of the attitudes and policies of the state and labelled radicalization as a social and psychological abnormality.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Ahmad, F. (2003) The Making of Modern Turkey, London and New York: Routledge.
- Alper, E. (2009) Student Movement in Turkey From a Global Perspective, 1960-1971, Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Atatürk İlkeleri ve İnkılap Tarihi Enstitüsü, Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi.
- Beşirli, H. (2005) “Politik Sosyalizasyon Araştırmaları ve Politik Sosyalizasyon Sürecinin Bir Unsuru olarak Kışla”, Sosyoloji Konferansları: 251-61.
- Bourdieu, P. and Passeron, J. C. (1979) Inheritors: French Students and Their Relation to Culture, Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press.
- Cammack, P. (1997) Capitalism and Democracy in the Third World: The Doctrine for Political Development, London: Leicester University Press.
- Coleman, J. S. (1965) Education and Political Development, Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
- Erbaş, H. (1999) “Gelişme Yazını ve Geleceği”, Doğu-Batı, 8: 9-25.
- Eisenstadt, S. N. (1963) The Political System of Empires, London [New York]: Free Press of Glencoe.
Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
Türkçe
Konular
-
Bölüm
Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar
Cangül Örnek
Bu kişi benim
Türkiye
Yayımlanma Tarihi
15 Mart 2016
Gönderilme Tarihi
15 Mart 2016
Kabul Tarihi
-
Yayımlandığı Sayı
Yıl 2016 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1