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Neither Poor Nor Rich But “Malcontent”: An Anotomy of Contemporary Environmentalisms

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 9 - 24, 03.07.2014

Öz

Proliferation of environmental movements, both in number and in geographical-spatial scope, has certainly been one of the markers of contemporary times. The analytical frameworks within which the wealth of issues posed by contemporary environmental movements are to be addressed, however, have largely lagged behind. This paper problematizes, in particular, the ability of the existing literature to accurately capture the underlying motivations of environmental movements. It illustrates, by utilizing a case study of a resistance against a coal plant in Gerze, Turkey, that a type of environmental activism that cannot be explained by livelihood concerns or post-materialist values is emerging and becoming increasingly common.

Kaynakça

  • Adaman, F., B. Akbulut and M. Arsel (2013) “Türkiye’de Kalkınmacılığı Yeniden Okumak: HES’ler ve Dönüşen Devlet- Toplum- Doğa İlişkileri [Re-reading Developmentalism in Turkey: SmallScale Hydropower Plants and the Transformation of State-Society-Environment Relationships]”, unpublished manuscript.
  • Adaman, F., B. Akbulut and D. Avcı (2012) “Polanyi Meets Gramsci: Explaining Local Environmental Conflicts”, presented at the 12. International Karl Polanyi Conference, Buenos Aires, November 2012.
  • Adaman, F., B. Akbulut and D. Avcı (2013) “Ekolojik Paylasima Dayali Ihtilaflarin Kategorilendirilmesine Yonelik Bir Taslak Calismasi” [“Categorization of Conflicts over Ecological Distribution: A Working Proposal”], Üç Ekoloji, 10.
  • Akbulut, B., F. Adaman and M. Arsel (2013) “Environmentalism of the Malcontent: Anatomy of an Anticoal Power Plant Struggle in Turkey”, unpublished manuscript.
  • Baviskar, A. (2003) “Between Violence and Desire: Space, Power, and Identity in the Making of Metropolitan Delhi”, International Social Science Journal, 55(175): 89-98
  • Bryant, R. (1992) “Political Ecology: An Emerging Research Agenda in Third-World Studies”, Political Geography, 11(1): 12-36.
  • Catells, M. (1997) “The Power of Identity” in The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture, Vol. II, Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Cronon, W. (1995) The Trouble with Wilderness, or, Getting Back to the Wrong Nature, in W. Cronon (ed.) Uncommon Ground: Rethinking the Human Place in Nature, New York: W. W. Norton & Co., 69-90.
  • Dwivedi, R. (2001) “Environmental Movements in the Global South: Issues of Livelihood and Beyond”, International Sociology, 16(1): 11-31.
  • Gadgil, M. and R. Guha (1995) Ecology and Equity: The Use and Abuse of Nature in Contemporary India, London and New York: Routledge.
  • Gramsci, A. (1971) Selections from the Prison Notebooks, New York: International Publishers. Guha, R. ve J. Martinez-Alier (1997) Varieties of Environmentalism: Essays North and South. London: Earthscan.
  • Inglehart, R. (1981) “Post-materialism in an Environment of Insecurity”, The American Political Science Review, 75: 880-900.
  • Jessop, B. (1982) The Capitalist State: Marxist Theories and Methods. New York and London: New York University Press.
  • Kaika, M. ve E. Swyngedouw (2011) “The Urbanization of Nature: Great Promises, Impasse, and New Beginnings”, in G. Bridge and S. Watson (eds.) The New Blackwell Companion to the City, Oxford: Blackwell, 567-580.
  • Martinez-Alier, J. (2002) The Environmentalism of the Poor: A Study of Ecological Conflicts and Valuation, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
  • Martinez-Alier, J. (2013) “The Environmentalism of the Poor”, Geoforum [online], http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j.geoforum.2013.04.019
  • Mawdsley, E. (2004) “India’s Middle Classes and the Environment”, Development and Change, 35(1): 79-103. Melucci, A. (1989) Nomads of the Present: Social Movements and Individual Needs in Contemporary Society, ed. J. Keane and P. Mier, London: Radius.
  • Offe, C. (1985) “New Social Movements: Challenging the Boundaries of Institutional Politics”, Social Research, 52(4): 817-868.
  • Peet R. ve M. Watts (eds.) (1996) Liberation Ecologies: Environment, Development, Social Movements, 2. Edition, London: Routledge.
  • Peluso, N. L. and M. Watts (2001) Violent Environments, Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
  • Poulantzas, N. (1978) State, Power, Socialism, London: New Left Books.
  • Redclift, M. (1987) Sustainable Development: Exploring the Contradictions, London: Methuen.
  • Shiva, V. (1991) Ecology and the Politics of Survival, New Delhi: United Nations University/Sage.
  • Smith, N. (1984) Uneven Development: Nature, Capital and the Production of Space, Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Touraine, A. (1985) “An Introduction to the Study of Social Movements”, Social Research, 52(4): 749-788.

Fakirler, Zenginler, Hoşnutsuzlar: Güncel Çevre Hareketlerinin Bir Anatomisi

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 9 - 24, 03.07.2014

Öz

Çevre hareketlerinin hem niceliksel hem de coğrafi kapsam açısından hızla yükselişi
kuşkusuz günümüzün siyasi-toplumsal manzarasını şekillendiren en önemli gelişmelerden
birisidir. Ancak, bu hareketlerin tartışılabileceği analitik yaklaşımların bu yükselişe ayak
uydurabildiği söylenemez. Bu makale, mevcut yazının çevre hareketlerini motive eden saikleri
açımlama konusunda sınırlı kaldığı noktalara değinmektedir. Bu çerçevede Gerze’de yapılması
planlanan termik santrale karşı gelişen direnişi tartışarak, geçim kaynaklarını koruma amacı veya post-materyalist çevre değerleriyle tam olarak açıklanamayan bir tür çevreciliğin varlığını
ve yaygınlığını ortaya koymaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Adaman, F., B. Akbulut and M. Arsel (2013) “Türkiye’de Kalkınmacılığı Yeniden Okumak: HES’ler ve Dönüşen Devlet- Toplum- Doğa İlişkileri [Re-reading Developmentalism in Turkey: SmallScale Hydropower Plants and the Transformation of State-Society-Environment Relationships]”, unpublished manuscript.
  • Adaman, F., B. Akbulut and D. Avcı (2012) “Polanyi Meets Gramsci: Explaining Local Environmental Conflicts”, presented at the 12. International Karl Polanyi Conference, Buenos Aires, November 2012.
  • Adaman, F., B. Akbulut and D. Avcı (2013) “Ekolojik Paylasima Dayali Ihtilaflarin Kategorilendirilmesine Yonelik Bir Taslak Calismasi” [“Categorization of Conflicts over Ecological Distribution: A Working Proposal”], Üç Ekoloji, 10.
  • Akbulut, B., F. Adaman and M. Arsel (2013) “Environmentalism of the Malcontent: Anatomy of an Anticoal Power Plant Struggle in Turkey”, unpublished manuscript.
  • Baviskar, A. (2003) “Between Violence and Desire: Space, Power, and Identity in the Making of Metropolitan Delhi”, International Social Science Journal, 55(175): 89-98
  • Bryant, R. (1992) “Political Ecology: An Emerging Research Agenda in Third-World Studies”, Political Geography, 11(1): 12-36.
  • Catells, M. (1997) “The Power of Identity” in The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture, Vol. II, Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Cronon, W. (1995) The Trouble with Wilderness, or, Getting Back to the Wrong Nature, in W. Cronon (ed.) Uncommon Ground: Rethinking the Human Place in Nature, New York: W. W. Norton & Co., 69-90.
  • Dwivedi, R. (2001) “Environmental Movements in the Global South: Issues of Livelihood and Beyond”, International Sociology, 16(1): 11-31.
  • Gadgil, M. and R. Guha (1995) Ecology and Equity: The Use and Abuse of Nature in Contemporary India, London and New York: Routledge.
  • Gramsci, A. (1971) Selections from the Prison Notebooks, New York: International Publishers. Guha, R. ve J. Martinez-Alier (1997) Varieties of Environmentalism: Essays North and South. London: Earthscan.
  • Inglehart, R. (1981) “Post-materialism in an Environment of Insecurity”, The American Political Science Review, 75: 880-900.
  • Jessop, B. (1982) The Capitalist State: Marxist Theories and Methods. New York and London: New York University Press.
  • Kaika, M. ve E. Swyngedouw (2011) “The Urbanization of Nature: Great Promises, Impasse, and New Beginnings”, in G. Bridge and S. Watson (eds.) The New Blackwell Companion to the City, Oxford: Blackwell, 567-580.
  • Martinez-Alier, J. (2002) The Environmentalism of the Poor: A Study of Ecological Conflicts and Valuation, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
  • Martinez-Alier, J. (2013) “The Environmentalism of the Poor”, Geoforum [online], http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j.geoforum.2013.04.019
  • Mawdsley, E. (2004) “India’s Middle Classes and the Environment”, Development and Change, 35(1): 79-103. Melucci, A. (1989) Nomads of the Present: Social Movements and Individual Needs in Contemporary Society, ed. J. Keane and P. Mier, London: Radius.
  • Offe, C. (1985) “New Social Movements: Challenging the Boundaries of Institutional Politics”, Social Research, 52(4): 817-868.
  • Peet R. ve M. Watts (eds.) (1996) Liberation Ecologies: Environment, Development, Social Movements, 2. Edition, London: Routledge.
  • Peluso, N. L. and M. Watts (2001) Violent Environments, Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
  • Poulantzas, N. (1978) State, Power, Socialism, London: New Left Books.
  • Redclift, M. (1987) Sustainable Development: Exploring the Contradictions, London: Methuen.
  • Shiva, V. (1991) Ecology and the Politics of Survival, New Delhi: United Nations University/Sage.
  • Smith, N. (1984) Uneven Development: Nature, Capital and the Production of Space, Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Touraine, A. (1985) “An Introduction to the Study of Social Movements”, Social Research, 52(4): 749-788.
Toplam 25 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Siyaset Bilimi
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Bengi Akbulut

Yayımlanma Tarihi 3 Temmuz 2014
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2014 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Akbulut, B. (2014). Neither Poor Nor Rich But “Malcontent”: An Anotomy of Contemporary Environmentalisms. Marmara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilimler Dergisi, 2(1), 9-24.
AMA Akbulut B. Neither Poor Nor Rich But “Malcontent”: An Anotomy of Contemporary Environmentalisms. Marmara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilimler Dergisi. Temmuz 2014;2(1):9-24.
Chicago Akbulut, Bengi. “Neither Poor Nor Rich But ‘Malcontent’: An Anotomy of Contemporary Environmentalisms”. Marmara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilimler Dergisi 2, sy. 1 (Temmuz 2014): 9-24.
EndNote Akbulut B (01 Temmuz 2014) Neither Poor Nor Rich But “Malcontent”: An Anotomy of Contemporary Environmentalisms. Marmara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilimler Dergisi 2 1 9–24.
IEEE B. Akbulut, “Neither Poor Nor Rich But ‘Malcontent’: An Anotomy of Contemporary Environmentalisms”, Marmara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilimler Dergisi, c. 2, sy. 1, ss. 9–24, 2014.
ISNAD Akbulut, Bengi. “Neither Poor Nor Rich But ‘Malcontent’: An Anotomy of Contemporary Environmentalisms”. Marmara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilimler Dergisi 2/1 (Temmuz 2014), 9-24.
JAMA Akbulut B. Neither Poor Nor Rich But “Malcontent”: An Anotomy of Contemporary Environmentalisms. Marmara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilimler Dergisi. 2014;2:9–24.
MLA Akbulut, Bengi. “Neither Poor Nor Rich But ‘Malcontent’: An Anotomy of Contemporary Environmentalisms”. Marmara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilimler Dergisi, c. 2, sy. 1, 2014, ss. 9-24.
Vancouver Akbulut B. Neither Poor Nor Rich But “Malcontent”: An Anotomy of Contemporary Environmentalisms. Marmara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilimler Dergisi. 2014;2(1):9-24.

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