Sivil Havacılıkta Bakım, Onarım ve Yenileme (BOY) Faaliyetleri, Havacılık 4.0 ve Yeni Trendler

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 61 - 74, 30.04.2021

Abdullah Cahit Karaoğlanlı

Öz

Küreselleşen, nüfus oranı hızla artan, sosyal olarak gelişen ve ekonomik olarak büyüyen dünyamızda ulaştırma sektöründeki hız, emniyet, kalite ve konfor gibi faktörler havayolu taşımacılığını diğer ulaşım sistemlerine (karayolu, demiryolu, denizyolu vb.) göre ön plana çıkarmaktadır. Havayolu taşımacılığının diğer ulaşım sistemleri içerisindeki artarak büyüyen payı havacılık faaliyetlerindeki güvenli, etkin ve emniyetli uçuş koşullarının sağlanmasını da zorunlu kılmaktadır. Sivil havacılıkta yürütülen bakım, onarım ve yenileme (BOY) faaliyetleri, uçuş güvenliği açısından birincil düzeyde öneme sahiptir. BOY faaliyetleri aynı zamanda kamu/özel havayolu şirketleri için maliyet ve planlama yönüyle de hata toleransının minimum seviyede tutulması gereken bir süreçtir. BOY faaliyetlerinin şirketlerin toplam giderleri içerisindeki payı %10 ila %20 arasında değişen oranları bulurken, tüm dünyadaki havayolu şirketlerinin 2019 yılı içindeki BOY faaliyet giderleri %4’e yakın bir yıllık büyüme oranı ile 70 milyar USD’a yaklaşmıştır. Artan nüfus hızıyla birlikte küresel pazarın son derece dinamik bir yapıya kavuşması sonucunda üretim-tedarik sürelerinin hızlanması ve maliyetlerin düşürülmesi yönündeki baskı artmış, bunun sonucu olarak da imalat, tedarik ve lojistik gibi konularda son yıllarda gelişen elektronik ve dijital teknolojilerden daha fazla faydalanma ihtiyacı ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalışmada, tüm dünyadaki sivil havacılık otoritelerinin yön verdiği BOY faaliyetlerine ait temel bilgiler verilerek, BOY faaliyetlerinin optimizasyon ve Endüstri 4.0 adaptasyonuna ilişkin güncel ilerlemeler değerlendirilerek, sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sivil havacılık, Bakım-onarım ve yenileme (BOY) faaliyetleri, Endüstri 4.0, Arttırılmış gerçeklik (AR), Eklemeli imalat (AM)

Kaynakça

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