Determination of some quality parameters and postharvest resistance of Malazgirt melon

Öz

Melon (Cucumis melo L.) is a popular vegetable cultivated in tropical, sub-tropical and temperate climates worldwide. Melon is economically important due to its high sugar content, intense aroma, attractive flesh colour and structure. The external and internal colour, shape and size, taste and aroma of the fruit have strong influences on the consumer's preference for melon. Melon species show extremely high genetic variation in terms of fruit characteristics such as shape, size, flesh colour, sweetness, firmness, acidity, aroma and sugar composition. In the present study, Malazgirt melon, a local variety, was stored at room temperature for 90 days. Samples were analysed every 45 days (days 0, 45 and 90). The analyses performed during the storage period; pH, water soluble dry matter (TSS), organic acid, volatile compound content were determined.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Flavour
• Melon
• storage

Malazgirt kavununun bazı kalite parametrelerinin ve hasat sonrası dayanımının tespiti

Öz

Kavun (Cucumis melo L.), dünya genelinde tropik, sub-tropik ve ılıman iklim bölgelerinde yetiştiriciliği yapılan popüler bir sebzedir. Kavun, yüksek şeker içeriği, yoğun aroması, meyvelerin çekici et rengi ve yapısı nedeniyle ekonomik açıdan oldukça önemlidir. Meyvenin dış ve iç rengi, şekli ve büyüklüğü, tadı ve aroması tüketicinin kavunu tercih etmesinde güçlü etkilere sahiptir. Kavun türü, şekil, boyut, et rengi, tatlılık, sertlik, asitlik, aroma, şeker bileşimi gibi meyve özellikleri açısından son derece yüksek genetik varyasyon göstermektedir. Mevcut çalışmada, yerel bir çeşit olan malazgirt kavunu oda sıcaklığında 90 gün boyunca muhafaza edilmiştir. Örnekler, 45 günde (0., 45. ve 90. günlerde) bir analiz edilmiştir. Muhafaza süresince yapılan analizler; pH, suda çözünür kuru madde (SÇKM), organik asit, uçucu bileşik miktarı tespit edilmiş.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Aroma
• Kavun
• Muhafaza

Kaynakça

1. Anonim (2022). TÜİK. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Bitkisel-Uretim-Istatistikleri-2022-45504. (Erişim Tarihi: 05.08.2024).
2. Anonim (2020). FAO. https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL. (Erişim Tarihi: 05.08.2024).
3. Argyris, J. M., Díaz, A., Ruggieri, V., Fernández, M., Jahrmann, T., Gibon, Y., ... & Garcia-Mas, J. (2017). QTL analyses in multiple populations employed for the fine mapping and identification of candidate genes at a locus affecting sugar accumulation in melon (Cucumis melo L.). Frontiers in Plant Science, 8, 1679.
4. Augusto, A., Simões, T., Pedrosa, R. ve Silva, S. F., 2016. Evaluation of Seaweed Extracts Functionality as Post-Harvest Treatment For Minimally Processed Fuji Apples, Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies, 33: 589-595.
5. Burger, Y., Sa'ar, U., Distelfeld, A., Katzir, N., Yeselson, Y., Shen, S. & Schaffer, A. A. (2003). Development of sweet melon (Cucumis melo) genotypes combining high sucrose and organic acid content. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 128(4), 537-540.
6. Chiabrando, V., Giacalone, G. (2016). Effects of edible coatings on quality maintenance of fresh-cut nectarines. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, 28 (3): 201-207.
7. Farcuh, M., Copes, B., Le-Navenec, G., Marroquin, J., Cantu, D., Bradford, K. J., Guinard, J., Van, D. A. (2020). Sensory, physicochemical and volatile compound analysis of short and long shelf-life melon (Cucumis melo L.). genotypes at harvest and after postharvest storage. Food Chemistry X 8:100-107.
8. Fergany, M., Kaur, B., Monforte, A. J., Pitrat, M., Rys, C., Lecoq, H., ... & Dhaliwal, S. S. (2011). Variation in melon (Cucumis melo) landraces adapted to the humid tropics of southern India. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 58, 225-243.

9. Garcia-Mas, J., Benjak, A., Sanseverino, W., Bourgeois, M., Mir, G., González, V. M., ... & Puigdomènech, P. (2012). The genome of melon (Cucumis melo L.). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(29), 11872-11877.
10. Hara, A., Radin, N. S. (1978). Lipid Extraction of Tissues With a Low-Toxicity Solvent. Analytical Biochemistry, 90 (1): 420-426.
11. Hernández-Muñoz, P., Almenar, E., Del Valle, V., Velez, D. and Gavara, R. (2008). Effect of Chitosan Coating Combined With Postharvest Calcium Treatment on Strawberry (Fragaria× ananassa) Quality During Refrigerated Storage. Food Chemistry, 110 (2): 428-435.
12. İşlek, F. (2022), Kavunda (Cucumis melo L.) Farklı Organik Gübreler ile Yenilebilir Kaplamanın Dilimlenmiş Meyvelerde Hasat Sonrası Fizyolojisi Üzerine Etkileri (Doktora Tezi, Basılı). Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
13. İşlek, F., Yılmaz, N., Çavuşoğlu, Ş. (2023). Kiraz Meyvelerinde Hasat Sonrası UV-C ve Sıcak Su Uygulamalarının Depolama Performansı Üzerine Etkileri. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 10(2), 311-317. https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.1251032
14. Kader, A., Ben-Yehoshua, S. (2000). Effects of Superatomic Oxygen Levels on Postharvest Physiology and Quality of Fresh Fruits and Vegetables. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 20: 1-13.
15. Kaynaş, K. (2017). Bahçe Ürünlerinin Biyokimyasal Yapısı. Bölüm 4. Bahçe ürünlerinin Muhafazası ve Pazara Hazırlanması (Editörler: Türk, R., Tuna Güneş, N., Erkan, M., Koyuncu, M. A.). Somtad Yayınları Ders Kitabı No:1, Antalya. 37-60.
16. Klee, H. J., Tieman, D. M. (2018). The genetics of fruit flavour preferences. Nature Reviews Genetics 19(6):347-356
17. Leegood, R. C., Walker, R. P. (2003). Regulation and roles of phosphoenolpyruvate arboxykinase in plants. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 414: 204-210.
18. Lin, L., Wang, B., Wang, M., Cao, J., Zhang, J., Wu, Y. Jiang, W. (2008). Effects of a Chitosan‐Based Coating With Ascorbic Acid on Post‐Harvest Quality and Core Browning of ‘Yali’pears (Pyrus bertschneideri Rehd.), Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 88 (5): 877-884.
19. Mamatha, S. (2016). Studies on Genetic Diversity Using Morphological Characters and Health Beneficial Components in Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) (Doctoral dissertation, University of Horticulture Sciences).
20. Padilla-Jiménez, S. M., Angoa-Pérez, M. V., Mena-Violante, H. G., Salcedo G, Montañez Soto, J. L., Oregel-Zamudio, E. (2021). Identification of organic volatile markers associated with aroma during maturation of strawberry fruits. Molecules 26(2):504
21. Perry, D. A., 1982. The Influence of Seed Vigour on Vegetable Seedling Establishment. Scientific Horticulture, 33: 67-75. Petriccione, M., Mastrobuoni, F., Pasquariello, M. S., Zampella, L., Nobis, E., Capriolo, G., Scortichini, M., 2015. Effect of Chitosan Coating on the Postharvest Quality and Antioxidant Enzyme System Response of Strawberry Fruit During Cold Storage. Foods, 4 (4): 501-523.
22. Rodrigo, M.J., Alquezar, B., Alferez, F., Zacarias, L. (2012). Biochemistry of fruits and fruit products. Handbook of Fruits and Fruit Processing (Sinha, N.K., Sidhu, J.S., Barta, J., Wu, J.S.B., Cano, P.) Wiley Blackwell, Oxford, UK.
23. Sudhakara, T., & Manchali, S. (2016). Characterization of muskmelon local types of Karnataka for growth and yield attributing traits. Res. Environ. Life Sci, 9, 1210-1214.
24. Sun HX. 2021. Effects of combined treatment with chitosan and ethanol on postharvest storage quality of Muskmelon. JiLin Agricultural University.
25. Şaran, E. Y., Çavuşoğlu, Ş., Alpaslan, D., Eren, E., Yilmaz, N., Uzun, Y. (2022). Effect of egg white protein and agar-agar on quality of button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) during cold storage. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 46(2): 173-181.
26. Şensoy, S., Büyükalaca, S., Abak, K. (2007). Evaluation of Genetic Diversity in Turkish Melons (Cucumis melo L.) Based On Phenotypic Characters and RAPD Markers. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution. 54 (6): 1351-1365.
27. Tang, M., Bie, Z. L., Wu, M. Z., Yi, H. P., & Feng, J. X. (2010). Changes in organic acids and acid metabolism enzymes in melon fruit during development. Scientia Horticulturae, 123(3), 360-365.
28. Tulukoğlu Kunt, K. S. (2018). Kiraz (Prunus avium L) Meyvelerinde Yenilebilir Antimikrobiyal Kaplamanın Kalite ve Raf Ömrü Üzerine Etkisi (yüksek lisans tezi, basılmamış). Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bitkisel Üretim ve Teknolojileri Anabilim Dalı, Niğde.
29. Vallarino, J. G., Osorio, S. (2019). Organic acids, Chapter 10. Postharvest Physiology and Biochemistry of Fruits and Vegetables (Editör: Yahia, E. M., CarrilloLopez, A.). Woodhead Publishing.
30. Xu C, Li J, Yao J, Liao XF. (2019). Research progress of storage and fresh-keeping technology of postharvest Muskmelon. Processing of Agricultural Products 21:83-86
31. Yao, J., Zheng, H. Y., Zhang, C. H., Zai, M. T., Geng, X. L. (2023). Effects of continuous illumination with LED on storage characteristics and sugar metabolism of muskmelon. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences 60(7):1689.
32. Zhang, W., Zhao, H., Zhang, J., Sheng, Z., Cao, J., Jiang, W. (2019). Different molecular weights chitosan coatings delay the senescence of postharvest nectarine fruit in relation to changes of redox state and respiratory pathway metabolism. Food Chemistry, 289: 160-168.
33. Zhao, G., Lian, Q., Zhang, Z., Fu, Q., He, Y., Ma, S., ... & Huang, S. (2019). A comprehensive genome variation map of melon identifies multiple domestication events and loci influencing agronomic traits. Nature Genetics, 51(11), 1607-1615.
34. Zhukovsky, P. (1951). Agricultural Structure of Turkey (Anatolia). Türkiye Şeker Fabrikaları Anonim Şirketi, Yayın No: 20, Ankara. 887.