DETERMINANTS OF BANK CAPITAL STRUCTURE AND PROCYCLICALITY OF LEVERAGE: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS FROM TURKEY

Öz

This paper investigates the determinants of bank capital structure and procyclical behavior of leverage. A panel data analysis is developed to find out the relation between different type of leverage ratios and asset growth of banks. Furthermore, possible impacts of bank specific and macroeconomic variables on the bank capital structure are discussed. The paper concludes that Turkish banks’ leverage is procyclical, which is the outcome of a positive relation between asset growth and leverage. The procyclical leverage could contribute to higher instability in the financial sector and the overall economy. Therefore, further regulations are assumed to be necessary. Size, profit, number of banks, inflation, exchange rate and gross domestic product are the factors that affect Turkish banks’ capital structure.

This paper investigates the determinants of bank capital structure and procyclical behavior of leverage. A panel data analysis is developed to find out the relation between different type of leverage ratios and asset growth of banks. Furthermore, possible impacts of bank specific and macroeconomic variables on the bank capital structure are discussed. The paper concludes that Turkish banks’ leverage is procyclical, which is the outcome of a positive relation between asset growth and leverage. The procyclical leverage could contribute to higher instability in the financial sector and the overall economy. Therefore, further regulations are assumed to be necessary. Size, profit, number of banks, inflation, exchange rate and gross domestic product are the factors that affect Turkish banks’ capital structure.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bank Capital structure,Leverage

BANKA SERMAYE YAPISININ BELİRLEYİCİLERİ VE KALDIRAÇ DÖNGÜSELLİĞİ: TÜRKİYE İÇİN AMPİRİK BİR ANALİZ

Öz

Bu çalışma banka sermaye yapısının belirleyicilerini ve kaldıraç oranının döngüsel davranışını incelemektedir. Farklı tipteki kaldıraç oranları ile bankaların aktif büyümesi arasındaki ilişkiyi bulmak için bir panel veri analizi geliştirilmiştir. Ayrıca, bankaya özgü faktörlerin ve makroekonomik değişkenlerin banka sermaye yapısına olası etkileri de tartışılmaktadır. Çalışma, aktif büyüme ve kaldıraç oranı arasındaki pozitif ilişkinin bir sonucu olarak Türk bankalarının kaldıraçlarının döngüsel olduğu sonucuna varmıştır. Döngüsel kaldıraç, finansal sektör ve genel ekonomide istikrarsızlığa katkıda bulunabilir. Bu nedenle, daha fazla düzenlemenin gerekli olduğu varsayılmaktadır. Türk bankalarının sermaye yapısını etkileyen faktörler, büyüklük, kâr, banka sayısı, enflasyon, döviz kuru ve gayri safi yurtiçi hâsıladır.

Bu çalışma banka sermaye yapısının belirleyicilerini ve kaldıraç oranının döngüsel davranışını incelemektedir. Farklı tipteki kaldıraç oranları ile bankaların aktif büyümesi arasındaki ilişkiyi bulmak için bir panel veri analizi geliştirilmiştir. Ayrıca, bankaya özgü faktörlerin ve makroekonomik değişkenlerin banka sermaye yapısına olası etkileri de tartışılmaktadır. Çalışma, aktif büyüme ve kaldıraç oranı arasındaki pozitif ilişkinin bir sonucu olarak Türk bankalarının kaldıraçlarının döngüsel olduğu sonucuna varmıştır. Döngüsel kaldıraç, finansal sektör ve genel ekonomide istikrarsızlığa katkıda bulunabilir. Bu nedenle, daha fazla düzenlemenin gerekli olduğu varsayılmaktadır. Türk bankalarının sermaye yapısını etkileyen faktörler, büyüklük, kâr, banka sayısı, enflasyon, döviz kuru ve gayri safi yurtiçi hâsıladır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Banka Sermaye Yapısı,Kaldıraç,Döngüsellik

Kaynakça

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