Revitalizing Ruins: Adaptive Reuse of Yamanlar Sanatorium as a Contemporary Summer Camp by Experiential Education in Interior Architecture

Deniz Avcı; Gözde Özder Çakır

doi:10.30785/mbud.1530223

EN TR

Revitalizing Ruins: Adaptive Reuse of Yamanlar Sanatorium as a Contemporary Summer Camp by Experiential Education in Interior Architecture

Abstract

This article evaluates module-based experiential education through the case of a junior-year interior architecture studio project for the adaptive reuse of the historical Yamanlar Sanatorium Complex in Izmir, Turkey. The project aimed to transform this example of Turkey’s 20th century Modern Movement healthcare heritage into a summer camp for university students who were affected by the 2023 earthquake. The project drew attention to social problems like the increase in contagious diseases due to uncontrolled migration during the Syria’s civil war and the housing crisis following the earthquake. The project’s holistic design approach was examined through four connected modules: (1) context to concept, (2) concept to form, (3) form to detail, and (4) architectural model production (implementation). Design students as selected clients also encouraged participatory design. The project outputs fell into three categories: modular, rectangular forms influenced by the sanatorium building; forms inspired by nature; and sculptural forms with period influences.

Keywords

Interior architecture, experiential education, adaptive reuse, modern movement sanatoria, Türkiye

Thanks

This article is the research outcome of the junior year interior architecture studio at Izmir University of Economics, Faculty of Fine Arts and Design, Department of Interior Architecture and Environmental Design. The authors would like to thank the junior year interior architecture studio students of 2023-2024 Fall semester for their valuable work. The students whose projects were analyzed in this research and hence have contributed to this study in alphabetical order of last names are: Esin Aksu, Selen Bedir, Sude Erarslan, Yaren Erol, Deniz Kızılşimşek, Elif Naz Şükür, Ilgın Tokatlıoğlu. For their privacy, their projects are kept anonymous. The authors especially would like to thank architects Mert Uslu, Ekin Güven and Silvia Rolla for their contributions in the modules/charrettes. The article complies with national and international research and publication ethics. Ethics committee approval in the study, Ethics Committee of the University of Izmir University of Economics dated 03.09.2024.

Harabeleri Canlandırmak: İç Mimarlıkta Deneyimsel Eğitimle Yamanlar Sanatoryumu’nun Çağdaş Bir Yaz Kampı Olarak Yeniden İşlevlendirilmesi

Abstract

Bu makalede, üçüncü sınıf iç mimarlık stüdyosunda gerçekleştirilen İzmir’deki tarihi Yamanlar sanatoryum kompleksinin yeniden kullanım projesi, modül tabanlı deneyimsel eğitimi değerlendirmek için incelenmiştir. Proje, Türkiye’nin 20. yüzyıl Modern Hareket sağlık mirasının, 2023’te meydana gelen depremden etkilenen tasarım alanlarında eğitim gören üniversite öğrencileri için bir yaz kampı olarak dönüştürülmesini hedefleyerek, Suriye savaşından sonra kontrolsüz göç nedeniyle Türkiye’de tüberküloz gibi hastalıkların artmasına ve barınamama gibi sosyal sorunlara dikkat çekmiştir. Dört bağlantılı modülle bütüncül bir tasarım yaklaşımı incelenmiştir: (1) bağlamdan konsepte, (2) konseptten forma, (3) formdan detaya ve (4) mimari maket üretimi (uygulama). Tasarım öğrencilerine yönelik tasarım, katılımcı işbirliklerini de teşvik etmiştir. Projeleri çıktıları, sanatoryum binasından etkilenen modüler, dikdörtgen formlar; doğadan ilham alan, çevreye uyumlu ancak yapıyla çatışan formlar; dönemsel etkilerine sahip heykelsi formlar olarak kategorize edilmiştir.

Keywords

İç mimarlık, deneyimsel eğitim, yeniden işlevlendirme, Modern Hareket sanatoryumları, Türkiye

References

Altan, T. E. (2020). Mimarlık tarihi bağlamında maket. In P. Derviş (Ed.), Düşünme ve görselleştirme aracı olarak Türkiye’de mimari maket: 20.yüzyıldan bir kesit (pp. 70–91). İstanbul: Mimarlar Derneği 1927, Müşterek Yapım.
Anonymous. (1935, 4 July). Yamanlar kampı yarın herkese açılıyor. Anadolu, p. 3. Access Address (15.07.2022):https://www.gastearsivi.com/gazete/anadolu/1935-07- 04/3
Anonymous. (1939, 17 July). Yamanlar dağındaki kamp bu sene de açıldı. Akşam, p. 7. Access Address (15.07.2022):https://www.gastearsivi.com/gazete/aksam/1939-07-17/7
Anonymous. (2021a, 2 March). İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi’nin Yamanlar sanatoryumu teklifi reddedildi. Cumhuriyet. Access Address (22.06.2024): https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/haber/izmir-buyuksehir- belediyesinin-yamanlar-sanatoryumu-teklifi-reddedildi-1817623
Anonymous. (2021b, 4 March). Bakandan ‘Yamanlar’ tepkisi: Çürütmeyin, verin Büyükşehir’e ayağa kaldırsın! Egeye Bakış. Access Address (07.05.2024): https://www.egeyebakis.com/bakan-dan- yamanlar-tepkisi-curutmeyin-verin-buyuksehir-e-ayaga- kaldirsin/54223/
Anonymous. (2023, 4 September). Üniversite öğrencilerinin konaklama sorunu büyüyor. Yurttan Sesler. Access Adress (04.04.2024): https://www.yurttansesler.org/kocaeli/universite-ogrencilerinin- konaklama-sorunu-buyuyor-h20822.html
Avci, D., & Özder Çakır, G. (2023a). Photographs from the Yamanlar sanatorium complex. Authors’ Personal Archives.
Avci, D., & Özder Çakır, G. (2023b). Photographs of architectural models of the interior architecture studio. Authors’ Personal Archives.
Avci-Hosanli, D. (2023). Beyond Decay: Nostalgia and loss in Turkey’s abandoned twentieth-century sanatoria. J. Cirklová (Ed.), AMPS Heritages: Vol. 35.3. Past and Present - Built and Social (p.677–691). Prague, Czechia: Czech Technical University & AMPS. Access Address (20.12.2024):https://amps-research.com/wp- content/uploads/2024/05/Amps-Proceedings-Series- 35.3_2024_B.pdf
Avci-Hosanli, D., & Degirmencioglu, C. (2024). From “prototype” to “model”: Architectural and spatial development of Block A (1924–1945) of Istanbul’s Heybeliada Sanatorium. Frontiers of Architectural Research, 13(1), 1–20. doi: 10.1016/j.foar.2023.09.006

Avcı, D., & Değirmencioğlu, C. (2024). 100. Yılda İstanbul sanatoryumlarına yeniden bakmak: Yapı tipleri ve veremden sonraki yaşamları. In İ. Akpınar & Ş. Hoşkara (Eds.), Cumhuriyet’in 100. Yılında mimarlık (pp. 336–370). Ankara: İdealkent.
Avcı Hosanlı, D. (2023). İstanbul Hilton Oteli. U. Şumnu (Ed.). Çizgilerle Türkiye’de modern iç mekân. Docomomo Türkiye İç Mekan Yayınları (Eylül 2023). Bölüm 12. (p.39–43). ISBN: 978-605-81332-7-3. İstanbul: b.kitap.
Bremner, C., & Rodgers, P. (2013). Design without discipline. Design Issues, 29(3), 4–13. Access Adress (27.05.2024): http://www.jstor.org/stable/24267085
Campbell, M. (2005). What tuberculosis did for modernism: The influence of a curative environment on modernist design and architecture. Medical History, 49(4), 463–488. doi: 10.1017/S0025727300009169
Cartwright, V. (2023). Pine forest and sunlight: Alvar Aalto’s paimio sanitorium. In A. Bliss & D. Kopec (Eds.), Architectural factors for infection and disease control (pp. 57–64). New York and London: Routledge. Access Adress (13.03.2024): 10.4324/9781003214502-3
Cengiz, B. (2024, 1 February). KYK yurduna yerleşemeyen öğrenciler ve barınma mücadelesi: Eğitimdeki gölgeli yüz. Yeni Sayfa. Access Adress (08.03.2024): https://yenisayfaonline.com/2024/02/09/kyk-yurduna- yerlesemeyen-ogrenciler-ve-barinma-mucadelesi-egitimdeki- golgeli-yuz/
Chu, C. (2003). Interior design in Hong Kong: A practice in transition. Design Issues, 19(3), 37–47. Access Adress (22.09.2024): http://www.jstor.org/stable/1511963
Colomina, B. (2019). X-Ray architecture. Zurich: Lars Müller Publishers.
Degirmencioglu, C., & Avci-Hosanli, D. (2022). The politics of cutting and gluing: Architectural models as propaganda in early republican Turkey. Are You a Model? On an Architectural Medium of Spatial Exploration. Presented at the Are you a model? On an architectural medium of spatial exploration, Darmstadt / Frankfurt. Darmstadt / Frankfurt.
Del Curto, D. (2013). The disenchanted mountain’s heritage. Protection and reuse of sanatoriums in the Alps. In D. Del Curto, R. Dini, & G. Menini (Eds.), Architecture in the Alps. Heritage and design (pp. 139–164). Milano-Udime: Mimesis Edizioni.
Demirkan, H., & Afacan, Y. (2012). Assessing creativity in design education: Analysis of creativity factors in the first-year design studio. Design Studies, 33(3), 262–278. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.destud.2011.11.005
Derviş, P. (Ed.). (2020). Düşünme ve görselleştirme aracı olarak Türkiye’de mimari maket: 20.yüzyıldan bir kesit. İstanbul: Mimarlar Derneği 1927, Müşterek Yapım.
Doğanoğlu, Z. (1933, 29 July). Yamanlar dağı şahlandı! [Yamanlar mountain has soared!]. Cumhuriyet, p. 5. Access Address (15.07.2022):https://www.gastearsivi.com/gazete/cumhuriyet/1933-07-29/5
Erdman, J., Weddle, R., Mical, T., Poss, J. S., Hinders, K., McCown, K., & Taylor, C. (2002). Designing/building/learning. Journal of Architectural Education (1984-), 55(3), 174–179. JSTOR. Access Address (03.05.2024): http://www.jstor.org/stable/1425537
Friedman, D. (1994). Radical modernism. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Güçtekin, O. (2022, 2 August). Grand Plaza düğmeye bastı: Sanatoryum için ‘plan’ kararı! [Grand Plaza pressed the button: “plan” decision for the sanatorium!]. Egedensonsöz. Access Address (30.04.2024): https://www.egedesonsoz.com/haber/Grand-Plaza-dugmeye-basti- Sanatoryum-icin-plan-karari/1111158
Harwood, B. (2008). An interior design experience program, part II: developing the experiences. Journal of Interior Design, 22(1), 15–31. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1668.1996.tb00223.x
Hasio, C., & Crane, T. J. (2014). Teaching art a greener path: Integrating sustainability concepts of interior design curriculum into the art education curriculum. Art Education, 67(6), 35–39. Access Address (16.05.2024): http://www.jstor.org/stable/24766130
Hasirci, D., Bakır Küçükkaya, İ., Edes, Z., Tatari, H., Rolla, S., Çalışkanelli, M., & Kabaçam, G. (2022). Concept and scale focus in interior design education: An adaptive reuse museum project. Journal of Architectural Sciences and Applications, 7(2), 652–673. doi: https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1170019
IAED. (2023). Junior year studio projects. Hardcopy Archives of Faculty of Fine Arts and Design, Izmir University of Economics.
İlikan Rasimoğlu, C. G. (2018). “Verem iyi olur bir hastalıktır”: Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarında verem mücadelesi ve siyaset. Toplumsal Tarih, (296), 50–60.
Jackson, J. B. (1980). The necessity for ruins and other topics. Amherst: The University of Massachusetts Press.
Karabağ Aydeniz, E., & Erdoğmuş Manav, B. (2015). İzmir’de bir modern mimarlık mirası: Yamanlar sanatoryumu [A legacy of modern architecture in Izmir: Yamanlar sanatorium]. Mimarlık, (386). Access.Adress.(22.02.2024): http://www.mimarlikdergisi.com/index.cfm? sayfa=mimarlik&DergiSayi=400&RecID=3802
Lawson, B. (2014). How Designers Think: The Design Process Demystified. Elsevier Science. Access Adress (29.04.2024): https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=FsyjBQAAQBAJ
Levine, D. (2003). Universal design new york. Buffalo, NY: Center for Inclusive Design and Environmental Access, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York. Access Adress (12.01.2024): https://www.nyc.gov/html/ddc/downloads/pdf/udny/udny2.pdf
Nubani, L. N., Kim, S.-K., & Nazmy, H. (2018). Using design charrettes in interior design education to improve learning outcomes and collaboration with professionals. Journal of Architectural and Planning Research, 35(3), 218–234. doi: http://www.jstor.org/stable/45215842 Overy, P. (2007). Light, air & openness: Modern architecture between the wars. Thames & Hudson.
Salmon, M., & Gritzer, G. (1992). Parallel content: Social science and the design curriculum. Design Issues, 9(1), 78–85. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/1511601
Sanoff, H. (2005). Community participation in riverfront development. CoDesign, 1(1), 61–78. doi: 10.1080/15710880512331326022
Tokman, L. Y., & Yamacli, R. (2007). Reality-based design studio in architectural education. Journal of Architectural and Planning Research, 24(3), 245–269. JSTOR. Access Address (18.02.2024): http://www.jstor.org/stable/43030805
Ülgen, B. (1947, 12 February). Verem, sefalet ve cehalet hastalığıdır. Vakit, pp. 3, 6.
Uslu, M. (2023a). The map of Yamanlar sanatorium complex. Mert Uslu Mimarlık.
Uslu, M. (2023b, 15 October). Yamanlar Sanatoryumu (D. Avci & G. Özder Çakır, Interviewers). Authors’ Archive.
Yablon, N. (2010). Untimely ruins: An archaeology of American urban modernity, 1819-1919. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press.
Yavuz, E. (2017, 7 November). 30 yıllık harabe [30 years of ruins]. Dokuzeylül. Access Adress (17.02.2024): https://www.dokuzeylul.com/30-yillik-harabe
Yıldırım, N., & Gürgan, M. (2012). Türk göğüs hastalıkları tarihi (M. Metintaş, Ed.). İstanbul: Türk Toraks Derneği, Aves Yayıncılık.
Yüzer, C. (2020). Heybeliada’da bir modern mimarlık mirası: Heybeliada sanatoryumu Dr. Tevfik İsmail Gökçe pavyonu [A legacy of modern architecture in Heybeliada: Heybeliada sanatorium Dr. Tevfik İsmail Gökçe pavilion]. Mimar.Ist, 20(68), 71–78.
Zande, R. V. (2010). Teaching design education for cultural, pedagogical, and economic aims. Studies in Art Education, 51(3), 248– 261. Access Address (20.04.2024): http://www.jstor.org/stable/40650512

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Interior Architecture , Architectural Heritage and Conservation

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Deniz Avcı ^*
0000-0003-1157-5654
Türkiye

Gözde Özder Çakır
0000-0002-6785-1788
Türkiye

Publication Date

December 26, 2024

Submission Date

August 20, 2024

Acceptance Date

December 9, 2024

Published in Issue

Year 2024 Volume: 9 Number: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1530223

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA58FN46LK

APA

Avcı, D., & Özder Çakır, G. (2024). Revitalizing Ruins: Adaptive Reuse of Yamanlar Sanatorium as a Contemporary Summer Camp by Experiential Education in Interior Architecture. Journal of Architectural Sciences and Applications, 9(2), 1149-1175. https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1530223

AMA

1.Avcı D, Özder Çakır G. Revitalizing Ruins: Adaptive Reuse of Yamanlar Sanatorium as a Contemporary Summer Camp by Experiential Education in Interior Architecture. JASA. 2024;9(2):1149-1175. doi:10.30785/mbud.1530223

Chicago

Avcı, Deniz, and Gözde Özder Çakır. 2024. “Revitalizing Ruins: Adaptive Reuse of Yamanlar Sanatorium As a Contemporary Summer Camp by Experiential Education in Interior Architecture”. Journal of Architectural Sciences and Applications 9 (2): 1149-75. https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1530223.

EndNote

Avcı D, Özder Çakır G (December 1, 2024) Revitalizing Ruins: Adaptive Reuse of Yamanlar Sanatorium as a Contemporary Summer Camp by Experiential Education in Interior Architecture. Journal of Architectural Sciences and Applications 9 2 1149–1175.

IEEE

[1]D. Avcı and G. Özder Çakır, “Revitalizing Ruins: Adaptive Reuse of Yamanlar Sanatorium as a Contemporary Summer Camp by Experiential Education in Interior Architecture”, JASA, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 1149–1175, Dec. 2024, doi: 10.30785/mbud.1530223.

ISNAD

Avcı, Deniz - Özder Çakır, Gözde. “Revitalizing Ruins: Adaptive Reuse of Yamanlar Sanatorium As a Contemporary Summer Camp by Experiential Education in Interior Architecture”. Journal of Architectural Sciences and Applications 9/2 (December 1, 2024): 1149-1175. https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1530223.

JAMA

1.Avcı D, Özder Çakır G. Revitalizing Ruins: Adaptive Reuse of Yamanlar Sanatorium as a Contemporary Summer Camp by Experiential Education in Interior Architecture. JASA. 2024;9:1149–1175.

MLA

Avcı, Deniz, and Gözde Özder Çakır. “Revitalizing Ruins: Adaptive Reuse of Yamanlar Sanatorium As a Contemporary Summer Camp by Experiential Education in Interior Architecture”. Journal of Architectural Sciences and Applications, vol. 9, no. 2, Dec. 2024, pp. 1149-75, doi:10.30785/mbud.1530223.

Vancouver

1.Deniz Avcı, Gözde Özder Çakır. Revitalizing Ruins: Adaptive Reuse of Yamanlar Sanatorium as a Contemporary Summer Camp by Experiential Education in Interior Architecture. JASA. 2024 Dec. 1;9(2):1149-75. doi:10.30785/mbud.1530223

Revitalizing Ruins: Adaptive Reuse of Yamanlar Sanatorium as a Contemporary Summer Camp by Experiential Education in Interior Architecture

Revitalizing Ruins: Adaptive Reuse of Yamanlar Sanatorium as a Contemporary Summer Camp by Experiential Education in Interior Architecture

Abstract

Keywords

Thanks

Harabeleri Canlandırmak: İç Mimarlıkta Deneyimsel Eğitimle Yamanlar Sanatoryumu’nun Çağdaş Bir Yaz Kampı Olarak Yeniden İşlevlendirilmesi

Abstract

Keywords

References

Details

Primary Language

Subjects

Journal Section

Authors

Publication Date

Submission Date

Acceptance Date

Published in Issue

DOI

IZ

Cite

JASA JOURNAL TAG / MBUD DERGİ KÜNYESİ