GIS-Based Risk Assessment on Sea Level Rise and Flooding in Alsancak Harbour Behind Area
Yıl 2024,
Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 602 - 619, 30.07.2024
Yağmur Burcu Güneş
,
Kamile Öztürk Kösenciğ
,
Ayça Aleyna Günbek
Öz
According to climate change projections outlined in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 6th Assessment Report, sea levels are expected to rise between 0.37 and 1.88 meters by 2150. The rise in sea level poses a significant threat to coastal areas, including industrial heritage zones frequently developed around ports. Alsancak Harbour Behind Area is a significant location due to its essential industrial heritage. The main objective of the research is to evaluate the potential risks related to floods and long-term sea level rises in the Alsancak Harbour Behind Area. Thus, the research aims to assess the potential risks associated with flooding and long-term sea level rise in the Alsancak Harbour Behind Area within the context of industrial heritage. It also measures the area's resilience to these risks and discusses planning decisions. The ‘Coastal Risk Screening Tool’ was used to create a coastal flood map according to determined three different scenarios. The result shows that the valuable industrial heritage buildings such as the Coal Gas Factory, Old Flour Mill-II and Tariş Alcohol Factory, new high-rise residential areas, port facilities and transportation arteries are at high or medium risk, especially in 2100 and 2150.
Kaynakça
- AFAD. (2021). IRAP İl Afet Risk Azaltma Planı. https://izmir.afad.gov.tr/kurumlar/izmir.afad/E-KUTUPHANE/Il-Planlari/Izmir-IRAP.pdf
- Ak, S. (2021). Investigation of Coastal Flood Problem In Izmir Bay (Issue July) [Master of Science]. İzmir Institute
of Technology.
- Ayik, U., & Ögel, C. (2022). Kent içi sanayi alanlarının dönüşümüne dair nitel bir araştırma: İzmir Liman ardı
bölgesi. Ege Coğrafya Dergisi, 31(2), 473–492. https://doi.org/10.51800/ecd.1178307
- Baser, O. (2020). Population density index and its use for distribution of COVID-19 : A case study using Turkish
data. https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/101904/
- Emlak Konut. (n.d.). Allsancak. Emlak Konut. Retrieved June 26, 2023, from https://www.allsancak.com/
- Erdik, A., & Kaplan, A. (2009). İzmir Liman Bölgesinde proje yarışmasından Nazım İmar Planına dönüşün sorunu.
Aegean Geographical Journal, 18(1–2), 49–58.
- Folkart. (n.d.-a). Folkart Nova. Retrieved June 26, 2023, from https://folkart.com.tr/folkart-nova
- Folkart. (n.d.-b). Folkart Vega. Retrieved June 26, 2023, from https://folkart.com.tr/folkart-vega
- Gattuso, J.-P., Magnan, A., Billé, R., Cheung, W. W. L., Howes, E. L., Joos, F., Allemand, D., Bopp, L., Cooley, S. R., Eakin,
C. M., Hoegh-Guldberg, O., Kelly, R. P., Pörtner, H.-O., Rogers, A. D., Baxter, J. M., Laffoley, D., Osborn, D., Rankovic, A.,
Rochette, J., … Turley, C. (2015). Contrasting futures for ocean and society from different anthropogenic CO2
emissions scenarios. Science, 349(aac4722). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aac4722
- Güçsan Yapı. (n.d.). Fors Izmir. Güçsan Yapı. Retrieved June 26, 2023, from https://www.forsizmir.com/
- Hall, J. A., Gill, S., Obeysekera, J., Sweet, W., Knuuti, K., & Marburger, J. (2016). Regional Sea Level Scenarios for
Coastal Risk Management : Managing the Uncertainty of Future Sea Level Change and Extreme Water Levels for
Department of Defense Coastal Sites Worldwide. April, 224.
- Hepcan, S., Hepcan, C. C., Kilicaslan, C., Ozkan, M. B., & Kocan, N. (2012). Analyzing landscape change and urban
sprawl in a Mediterranean Coastal Landscape: A case study from Izmir, Turkey. Journal of Coastal Research,
29(2), 301. https://doi.org/10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-11-00064.1
- Hinrichsen, D. (1999). The Coastal Population Explosion. Trends and Future Challenges for US National Ocean
and Coastal Policy: Proceedings of a Workshop, 27–29.
- Hsiao, S.-C., Chiang, W.-S., Jang, J.-H., Wu, H.-L., Lu, W.-S., Chen, W.-B., & Wu, Y.-T. (2021). Flood risk influenced by
the compound effect of storm surge and rainfall under climate change for low-lying coastal areas. Science of
The Total Environment, 764, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144439
- IBB. (n.d.). Ege Mahallesi Kentsel Dönüşüm ve Gelişim Projesi. İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi Kentsel Dönüşüm Daire
Başkanlığı. Retrieved March 23, 2024, from https://kentseldonusum.izmir.bel.tr/tr/Projeler/2/21
- IBB. (2023). İzmir’de selzedelere ilk destek ödemesi yapıldı . https://www.izmir.bel.tr/tr/Haberler/izmir-de-
selzedelere-ilk-destek-odemesi-yapildi/49579/156
- Işık, Ş. (2017). 21. yüzyılın başında izmir’in iller arası göçlerdeki konumunda ne değişti? Ege Coğrafya Dergisi,
26(1), 1–19. http://dergipark.gov.tr/ecd/issue/31186/338971
- IZKA. (2019). TCDD İzmi̇r Alsancak Li̇maninin Geçmi̇şten Günümüze Bölge Ekonomi̇si̇ Açisindan
Değerlendi̇ri̇lmesi̇.
- IZKA. (2021). Izmir Endüstriyel Kültür Envanteri.
- IZM, EGE, IZT, BIT, GMV, & CAR. (2017). Urban GreenUP D2.1: Report on the diagnosis of Valladolid. 730426.
- Izmir Vilayeti Salnamesi. (1927-1928). (1929). İzmir Vilayeti İstatistik Müdiriyeti.
- Lee, J. Y. (2021). Future global climate: Scenario-based projections and near-term Information. In Climate
Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis (pp. 553–672). Cambridge University Press.
- Karaca, M., & Nicholls, R. J. (2008). Potential implications of accelerated sea-level rise for Turkey. Journal of
Coastal Research, 24(2), 288–298. https://doi.org/10.2112/07A-0003.1
- Karadağ, A., & İncedere, L. (2020). Kentsel belleğin sürdürülebilirliği açısından İzmir’deki endüstri miras
alanlarının önemi: Alsancak Liman ardı bölgesi örneği. Ege Coğrafya Dergisi, 29(1), 57–71.
- Kocadağlı, A. Y. (2022). Coastal areas in the spatial distribution of population in Türkiye. (Türkiye’de Nüfusun
Mekansal Dağılımında Kıyı Alanları). Eurasian Academy of Sciences Social Sciences Journal, 43, 1–12.
https://doi.org/10.17740/eas.soc.2022.V43-01
- Konak Municipality. (2023). Konak Belediyesi’nden Esnafa Kum Torbası Desteği.
https://www.konak.bel.tr/haber/konak-belediyesinden-esnafa-kum-torbasi-destegi
- Kösenciğ, K. Ö., & Güneş, Y. B. (2023). Change of Everyday Life Through Reclamation in Karsiyaka. 11th
International Congress on Engineering, Architecture and Design, June, 57–65.
- Kuleli, T. (2010). City-based risk assessment of sea level rise using topographic and census data for the Turkish
Coastal zone. Estuaries and Coasts, 33(3), 640–651. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-009-9248-7
- Liz Creel. (2003). Ripple Effects: Population and Coastal Regions. Population Reference Bureau, 1–8.
https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/Pnadd169.pdf
- Martín-Antón, M., Negro, V., del Campo, J. M., López-Gutiérrez, J. S., & Esteban, M. D. (2016). Review of coastal land
reclamation situation in the World. Journal of Coastal Research, 75, 667–671. https://doi.org/10.2112/SI75-133.1
- Miller, J. D., & Hutchins, M. (2017). The impacts of urbanisation and climate change on urban flooding and urban
water quality: A review of the evidence concerning the United Kingdom. Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies,
12(January), 345–362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2017.06.006
- Muis, S., Verlaan, M., Winsemius, H. C., Aerts, J. C. J. H., & Ward, P. J. (2016). A global reanalysis of storm surges
and extreme sea levels. Nature Communications, 7(May). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11969
- NASA. (n.d.-a). Coastal Risk Screening Tool: Land Projected to be Below Annual Flood Level in 2050. Retrieved
August 9, 2023, from https://coastal.climatecentral.org/map/12/123.9254/10.3001/?
theme=sea_level_rise&map_type=coastal_dem_comparison&contiguous=true&elevation_model=coastal_
dem&forecast_year=2050&pathway=rcp45&percentile=p50&return_level=return_level_1&slr_model=kopp_2
014
- NASA. (n.d.-b). Sea Level Projection Tool: IPCC 6th Assessment Report Sea Level Projections. NASA: Earth Data.
Retrieved October 8, 2023, from https://sealevel.nasa.gov/ipcc-ar6-sea-level-projection-tool
- Neumann, B., Vafeidis, A. T., Zimmermann, J., & Nicholls, R. J. (2015). Future Coastal Population Growth and
Exposure to Sea-Level Rise and Coastal Flooding - A Global Assessment. PLOS ONE, 10(3).
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0118571
- Parris, A., Bromirski, P., Burkett, V., Cayan, D., Culver, M., Hall, J., Horton, R., Knuuti, K., Moss, R., Obeysekera, J.,
Sallenger, A., & Weiss, J. (2012). Global Sea Level Rise Scenarios for the US National Climate Assessment. NOAA
Tech Memo OAR CPO, 1–37.
- Peker, N. K. (2019). Conservation Principles For Industrial Heritage Izmir-Alsancak Liman Arkası District (Issue
December) [Master of Science]. METU.
- Pekerler İnşaat. (2020). Tanitim kataloğu. Retrieved May 29, 2023, from https://www.allsancak.com/katalog.php
- Reimann, L., Vafeidis, A. T., & Honsel, L. E. (2023). Population development as a driver of coastal risk: Current
trends and future pathways. Cambridge Prisms: Coastal Futures, 1. https://doi.org/10.1017/cft.2023.3
- Samsunlu, A., Tanik, A., Maktav, D., Akca, L., & O., U. (2000). Coastal zone management in Turkey. In M. Ganoulis, J.,
Murphy, I.L., Brilly (Ed.), Transboundary Water Resources in the Balkans. NATO Science Series (pp. 67–80).
Springer. https://doi.org/10.1016/0964-5691(96)00018-X
- Satta, A. (2014). An Index-based method to assess vulnerabilities and risks of Mediterranean coastal zones to
multiple hazards [Doctoral dissertation, University of Venice].
http://dspace.unive.it/bitstream/handle/10579/5594/955878-1162873.pdf?sequence=2
- Saya Grup. (2021). Folkart, Satışı Devam Eden Projeler. Retrieved july 28, 2023, from https://folkart.com.tr/projeler
- Sengupta, D., Choi, Y. R., Tian, B., Brown, S., Meadows, M., Hackney, C. R., Banerjee, A., Li, Y., Chen, R., & Zhou, Y.
(2023). Mapping 21st Century Global Coastal Land Reclamation. Earth’s Future, 11(2), 1–13.
https://doi.org/10.1029/2022EF002927
- Sharma, S., & Chatterjee, S. (2017). Microplastic pollution, a threat to marine ecosystem and human health: a
short review. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 24(27), 21530–21547. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-
017-9910-8
- Sweet, W. V., Kopp, R. E., Weaver, C. P., Obeysekera, J., Horton, R. M., Thieler, E. R., & Zervas, C. (2017). Global and
Regional Sea Level Rise Scenarios for the United States. NOAA Technical Report NOS CO-OPS 083, September, 1–
56.
- SYGM. (2019a). Gediz Havzası Taşkın Yönetim Planı.
- SYGM. (2019b). Küçük Menderes Havzası Taşkın Yönetim Planı.
- SYGM. (2019c). Kuzey Ege Havzası Taşkın Yönetim Planı Yönetici Özeti.
- Teknik Yapı. (n.d.-a). Divan Residence Izmir. Teknik Yapı Holdıng. Retrieved June 26, 2023, from
https://www.divanresidenceizmir.com/
- Teknik Yapı. (n.d.-b). Evora İzmir. Teknik Yapı. Retrieved June 26, 2023, from https://www.evoraizmir.com/
- Teknik Yapı, & GYO. (n.d.). Evora İzmir. Retrieved May 31, 2023, from
https://www.teknikyapi.com/Content/images/kataloglar/evoraizmir.pdf
- TUIK. (2022). Nüfus ve Demografi. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Kategori/GetKategori?p=Nufus-ve-Demografi-109
- Tümertekin, E. (1961). İzmir’de sanayi faliyetlerinin bünyesi ve dağılışı. Türk Coğrafya Dergisi, 0(21), 45–62.
https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/tcd/issue/21264/228281
- Türkerler Holding. (n.d.). Mahall Bomonti Izmir. Türkerler. http://www.mahallbomontiizmir.com/
- Ünal, Ç. (2019). Spatial development and cluster analysis of industry in İzmir. In 1st Istanbul International
Geography Congress Proceedings Book (pp. 280–290). Istanbul University Press.
https://doi.org/10.26650/PB/PS12.2019.002.027
- United Nations. (2008). Percentage of Total Population Living in Coastal Areas.
https://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/natlinfo/indicators/methodology_sheets/oceans_seas_coasts/pop_coastal
_areas.pdf
- United Nations. (2017). Factsheet: People and Oceans General. The Ocean Conference.
- Xu, L., Ding, S., Nitivattananon, V., & Tang, J. (2021). Long-term dynamic of land reclamation and ıts ımpact on
coastal flooding: A case study in Xiamen, China. Land, 10, 866. https://doi.org/10.3390/land10080866
- YEKV. (2018). Selçuk Yaşar Kent Müzesinin Restitüsyon ve Restorasyon Çalışmaları Devam Edıyor. Yaşar Eğitim
VeKültür Vakfı, Ekim - Kasım - Aralık, e-Bülten. https://yasarvakfi.org.tr/ebulten/012019/haber6.html
- YEKV. (2022). Yaşar Müzesi. Yaşar Eğitim VeKültür Vakfı, Ocak - Haziran, 2022 e-Bülten.
- Zellou, B., & Rahali, H. (2019). Assessment of the joint impact of extreme rainfall and storm surge on the risk of
flooding in a coastal area. Journal of Hydrology, 569, 647–665. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.12.028
- Zhai, T., Wang, J., Fang, Y., Qin, Y., Huang, L., & Chen, Y. (2020). Assessing ecological risks caused by human
activities in rapid urbanization coastal areas: Towards an integrated approach to determining key areas of
terrestrial-oceanic ecosystems preservation and restoration. Science of The Total Environment, 708. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135153
Alsancak Liman Arkası Bölgesine Yönelik Deniz Seviyesindeki Yükselme ve Sel Baskınının Olası Etkilerinin CBS kullanılarak Analizi
Yıl 2024,
Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 602 - 619, 30.07.2024
Yağmur Burcu Güneş
,
Kamile Öztürk Kösenciğ
,
Ayça Aleyna Günbek
Öz
Hükümetler arası İklim Değişikliği Paneli 6. Değerlendirme Raporu İklim değişikliği senaryolarına göre su seviyesinde 2150’ye kadar 0,37 ile 1,88 m arasında bir artış beklenmektedir. Su seviyesindeki yükselme özellikle kıyı alanlarını dolayısıyla genellikle liman çevresinde gelişen endüstriyel miras bölgelerini tehdit etmektedir. Alsancak Liman Arkası sahip olduğu yapılar itibari ile içerisinde endüstriyel kültür varlıklarının kümelendiği önemli bir alandır. Araştırmanın temel amacı İzmir'de Alsancak Liman Arkası Bölgesindeki taşkın ve uzun vadeli deniz seviyesi yükselmesi ile ilgili potansiyel riskleri endüstriyel miras kapsamında değerlendirmek, bölgesinin bu risklere göre dayanıklılığını ölçmek ve planlanmasına dair kararların bu kapsamda tartışılmasına imkan sağlamaktadır. Araştırma belirlenen üç farklı senaryoya göre sel baskını haritası oluşturmak için ‘Kıyı Riski Tarama Aracı’ kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçları Havagazı Fabrikası, Eski Un Değirmeni-II ve Tariş Alkol Fabrikası gibi değerli endüstriyel miras yapılarının, yeni yüksek katlı yerleşim alanlarının, liman tesislerinin ve ulaşım arterlerinin özellikle 2100 ve 2150 yüksek veya orta risk altında olduğunu göstermektedir.
Kaynakça
- AFAD. (2021). IRAP İl Afet Risk Azaltma Planı. https://izmir.afad.gov.tr/kurumlar/izmir.afad/E-KUTUPHANE/Il-Planlari/Izmir-IRAP.pdf
- Ak, S. (2021). Investigation of Coastal Flood Problem In Izmir Bay (Issue July) [Master of Science]. İzmir Institute
of Technology.
- Ayik, U., & Ögel, C. (2022). Kent içi sanayi alanlarının dönüşümüne dair nitel bir araştırma: İzmir Liman ardı
bölgesi. Ege Coğrafya Dergisi, 31(2), 473–492. https://doi.org/10.51800/ecd.1178307
- Baser, O. (2020). Population density index and its use for distribution of COVID-19 : A case study using Turkish
data. https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/101904/
- Emlak Konut. (n.d.). Allsancak. Emlak Konut. Retrieved June 26, 2023, from https://www.allsancak.com/
- Erdik, A., & Kaplan, A. (2009). İzmir Liman Bölgesinde proje yarışmasından Nazım İmar Planına dönüşün sorunu.
Aegean Geographical Journal, 18(1–2), 49–58.
- Folkart. (n.d.-a). Folkart Nova. Retrieved June 26, 2023, from https://folkart.com.tr/folkart-nova
- Folkart. (n.d.-b). Folkart Vega. Retrieved June 26, 2023, from https://folkart.com.tr/folkart-vega
- Gattuso, J.-P., Magnan, A., Billé, R., Cheung, W. W. L., Howes, E. L., Joos, F., Allemand, D., Bopp, L., Cooley, S. R., Eakin,
C. M., Hoegh-Guldberg, O., Kelly, R. P., Pörtner, H.-O., Rogers, A. D., Baxter, J. M., Laffoley, D., Osborn, D., Rankovic, A.,
Rochette, J., … Turley, C. (2015). Contrasting futures for ocean and society from different anthropogenic CO2
emissions scenarios. Science, 349(aac4722). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aac4722
- Güçsan Yapı. (n.d.). Fors Izmir. Güçsan Yapı. Retrieved June 26, 2023, from https://www.forsizmir.com/
- Hall, J. A., Gill, S., Obeysekera, J., Sweet, W., Knuuti, K., & Marburger, J. (2016). Regional Sea Level Scenarios for
Coastal Risk Management : Managing the Uncertainty of Future Sea Level Change and Extreme Water Levels for
Department of Defense Coastal Sites Worldwide. April, 224.
- Hepcan, S., Hepcan, C. C., Kilicaslan, C., Ozkan, M. B., & Kocan, N. (2012). Analyzing landscape change and urban
sprawl in a Mediterranean Coastal Landscape: A case study from Izmir, Turkey. Journal of Coastal Research,
29(2), 301. https://doi.org/10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-11-00064.1
- Hinrichsen, D. (1999). The Coastal Population Explosion. Trends and Future Challenges for US National Ocean
and Coastal Policy: Proceedings of a Workshop, 27–29.
- Hsiao, S.-C., Chiang, W.-S., Jang, J.-H., Wu, H.-L., Lu, W.-S., Chen, W.-B., & Wu, Y.-T. (2021). Flood risk influenced by
the compound effect of storm surge and rainfall under climate change for low-lying coastal areas. Science of
The Total Environment, 764, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144439
- IBB. (n.d.). Ege Mahallesi Kentsel Dönüşüm ve Gelişim Projesi. İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi Kentsel Dönüşüm Daire
Başkanlığı. Retrieved March 23, 2024, from https://kentseldonusum.izmir.bel.tr/tr/Projeler/2/21
- IBB. (2023). İzmir’de selzedelere ilk destek ödemesi yapıldı . https://www.izmir.bel.tr/tr/Haberler/izmir-de-
selzedelere-ilk-destek-odemesi-yapildi/49579/156
- Işık, Ş. (2017). 21. yüzyılın başında izmir’in iller arası göçlerdeki konumunda ne değişti? Ege Coğrafya Dergisi,
26(1), 1–19. http://dergipark.gov.tr/ecd/issue/31186/338971
- IZKA. (2019). TCDD İzmi̇r Alsancak Li̇maninin Geçmi̇şten Günümüze Bölge Ekonomi̇si̇ Açisindan
Değerlendi̇ri̇lmesi̇.
- IZKA. (2021). Izmir Endüstriyel Kültür Envanteri.
- IZM, EGE, IZT, BIT, GMV, & CAR. (2017). Urban GreenUP D2.1: Report on the diagnosis of Valladolid. 730426.
- Izmir Vilayeti Salnamesi. (1927-1928). (1929). İzmir Vilayeti İstatistik Müdiriyeti.
- Lee, J. Y. (2021). Future global climate: Scenario-based projections and near-term Information. In Climate
Change 2021 – The Physical Science Basis (pp. 553–672). Cambridge University Press.
- Karaca, M., & Nicholls, R. J. (2008). Potential implications of accelerated sea-level rise for Turkey. Journal of
Coastal Research, 24(2), 288–298. https://doi.org/10.2112/07A-0003.1
- Karadağ, A., & İncedere, L. (2020). Kentsel belleğin sürdürülebilirliği açısından İzmir’deki endüstri miras
alanlarının önemi: Alsancak Liman ardı bölgesi örneği. Ege Coğrafya Dergisi, 29(1), 57–71.
- Kocadağlı, A. Y. (2022). Coastal areas in the spatial distribution of population in Türkiye. (Türkiye’de Nüfusun
Mekansal Dağılımında Kıyı Alanları). Eurasian Academy of Sciences Social Sciences Journal, 43, 1–12.
https://doi.org/10.17740/eas.soc.2022.V43-01
- Konak Municipality. (2023). Konak Belediyesi’nden Esnafa Kum Torbası Desteği.
https://www.konak.bel.tr/haber/konak-belediyesinden-esnafa-kum-torbasi-destegi
- Kösenciğ, K. Ö., & Güneş, Y. B. (2023). Change of Everyday Life Through Reclamation in Karsiyaka. 11th
International Congress on Engineering, Architecture and Design, June, 57–65.
- Kuleli, T. (2010). City-based risk assessment of sea level rise using topographic and census data for the Turkish
Coastal zone. Estuaries and Coasts, 33(3), 640–651. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-009-9248-7
- Liz Creel. (2003). Ripple Effects: Population and Coastal Regions. Population Reference Bureau, 1–8.
https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/Pnadd169.pdf
- Martín-Antón, M., Negro, V., del Campo, J. M., López-Gutiérrez, J. S., & Esteban, M. D. (2016). Review of coastal land
reclamation situation in the World. Journal of Coastal Research, 75, 667–671. https://doi.org/10.2112/SI75-133.1
- Miller, J. D., & Hutchins, M. (2017). The impacts of urbanisation and climate change on urban flooding and urban
water quality: A review of the evidence concerning the United Kingdom. Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies,
12(January), 345–362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2017.06.006
- Muis, S., Verlaan, M., Winsemius, H. C., Aerts, J. C. J. H., & Ward, P. J. (2016). A global reanalysis of storm surges
and extreme sea levels. Nature Communications, 7(May). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11969
- NASA. (n.d.-a). Coastal Risk Screening Tool: Land Projected to be Below Annual Flood Level in 2050. Retrieved
August 9, 2023, from https://coastal.climatecentral.org/map/12/123.9254/10.3001/?
theme=sea_level_rise&map_type=coastal_dem_comparison&contiguous=true&elevation_model=coastal_
dem&forecast_year=2050&pathway=rcp45&percentile=p50&return_level=return_level_1&slr_model=kopp_2
014
- NASA. (n.d.-b). Sea Level Projection Tool: IPCC 6th Assessment Report Sea Level Projections. NASA: Earth Data.
Retrieved October 8, 2023, from https://sealevel.nasa.gov/ipcc-ar6-sea-level-projection-tool
- Neumann, B., Vafeidis, A. T., Zimmermann, J., & Nicholls, R. J. (2015). Future Coastal Population Growth and
Exposure to Sea-Level Rise and Coastal Flooding - A Global Assessment. PLOS ONE, 10(3).
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0118571
- Parris, A., Bromirski, P., Burkett, V., Cayan, D., Culver, M., Hall, J., Horton, R., Knuuti, K., Moss, R., Obeysekera, J.,
Sallenger, A., & Weiss, J. (2012). Global Sea Level Rise Scenarios for the US National Climate Assessment. NOAA
Tech Memo OAR CPO, 1–37.
- Peker, N. K. (2019). Conservation Principles For Industrial Heritage Izmir-Alsancak Liman Arkası District (Issue
December) [Master of Science]. METU.
- Pekerler İnşaat. (2020). Tanitim kataloğu. Retrieved May 29, 2023, from https://www.allsancak.com/katalog.php
- Reimann, L., Vafeidis, A. T., & Honsel, L. E. (2023). Population development as a driver of coastal risk: Current
trends and future pathways. Cambridge Prisms: Coastal Futures, 1. https://doi.org/10.1017/cft.2023.3
- Samsunlu, A., Tanik, A., Maktav, D., Akca, L., & O., U. (2000). Coastal zone management in Turkey. In M. Ganoulis, J.,
Murphy, I.L., Brilly (Ed.), Transboundary Water Resources in the Balkans. NATO Science Series (pp. 67–80).
Springer. https://doi.org/10.1016/0964-5691(96)00018-X
- Satta, A. (2014). An Index-based method to assess vulnerabilities and risks of Mediterranean coastal zones to
multiple hazards [Doctoral dissertation, University of Venice].
http://dspace.unive.it/bitstream/handle/10579/5594/955878-1162873.pdf?sequence=2
- Saya Grup. (2021). Folkart, Satışı Devam Eden Projeler. Retrieved july 28, 2023, from https://folkart.com.tr/projeler
- Sengupta, D., Choi, Y. R., Tian, B., Brown, S., Meadows, M., Hackney, C. R., Banerjee, A., Li, Y., Chen, R., & Zhou, Y.
(2023). Mapping 21st Century Global Coastal Land Reclamation. Earth’s Future, 11(2), 1–13.
https://doi.org/10.1029/2022EF002927
- Sharma, S., & Chatterjee, S. (2017). Microplastic pollution, a threat to marine ecosystem and human health: a
short review. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 24(27), 21530–21547. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-
017-9910-8
- Sweet, W. V., Kopp, R. E., Weaver, C. P., Obeysekera, J., Horton, R. M., Thieler, E. R., & Zervas, C. (2017). Global and
Regional Sea Level Rise Scenarios for the United States. NOAA Technical Report NOS CO-OPS 083, September, 1–
56.
- SYGM. (2019a). Gediz Havzası Taşkın Yönetim Planı.
- SYGM. (2019b). Küçük Menderes Havzası Taşkın Yönetim Planı.
- SYGM. (2019c). Kuzey Ege Havzası Taşkın Yönetim Planı Yönetici Özeti.
- Teknik Yapı. (n.d.-a). Divan Residence Izmir. Teknik Yapı Holdıng. Retrieved June 26, 2023, from
https://www.divanresidenceizmir.com/
- Teknik Yapı. (n.d.-b). Evora İzmir. Teknik Yapı. Retrieved June 26, 2023, from https://www.evoraizmir.com/
- Teknik Yapı, & GYO. (n.d.). Evora İzmir. Retrieved May 31, 2023, from
https://www.teknikyapi.com/Content/images/kataloglar/evoraizmir.pdf
- TUIK. (2022). Nüfus ve Demografi. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Kategori/GetKategori?p=Nufus-ve-Demografi-109
- Tümertekin, E. (1961). İzmir’de sanayi faliyetlerinin bünyesi ve dağılışı. Türk Coğrafya Dergisi, 0(21), 45–62.
https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/tcd/issue/21264/228281
- Türkerler Holding. (n.d.). Mahall Bomonti Izmir. Türkerler. http://www.mahallbomontiizmir.com/
- Ünal, Ç. (2019). Spatial development and cluster analysis of industry in İzmir. In 1st Istanbul International
Geography Congress Proceedings Book (pp. 280–290). Istanbul University Press.
https://doi.org/10.26650/PB/PS12.2019.002.027
- United Nations. (2008). Percentage of Total Population Living in Coastal Areas.
https://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/natlinfo/indicators/methodology_sheets/oceans_seas_coasts/pop_coastal
_areas.pdf
- United Nations. (2017). Factsheet: People and Oceans General. The Ocean Conference.
- Xu, L., Ding, S., Nitivattananon, V., & Tang, J. (2021). Long-term dynamic of land reclamation and ıts ımpact on
coastal flooding: A case study in Xiamen, China. Land, 10, 866. https://doi.org/10.3390/land10080866
- YEKV. (2018). Selçuk Yaşar Kent Müzesinin Restitüsyon ve Restorasyon Çalışmaları Devam Edıyor. Yaşar Eğitim
VeKültür Vakfı, Ekim - Kasım - Aralık, e-Bülten. https://yasarvakfi.org.tr/ebulten/012019/haber6.html
- YEKV. (2022). Yaşar Müzesi. Yaşar Eğitim VeKültür Vakfı, Ocak - Haziran, 2022 e-Bülten.
- Zellou, B., & Rahali, H. (2019). Assessment of the joint impact of extreme rainfall and storm surge on the risk of
flooding in a coastal area. Journal of Hydrology, 569, 647–665. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.12.028
- Zhai, T., Wang, J., Fang, Y., Qin, Y., Huang, L., & Chen, Y. (2020). Assessing ecological risks caused by human
activities in rapid urbanization coastal areas: Towards an integrated approach to determining key areas of
terrestrial-oceanic ecosystems preservation and restoration. Science of The Total Environment, 708. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135153