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Mimarlık Eğitiminde Ontolojik Yaklaşımlar: Fenomenoloji ve Nesne-Yönelimli Tasarım Pratiği

Year 2025, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 451 - 475, 28.07.2025
https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1663128

Abstract

Bu araştırma, mimarlık müfredatında ortaya çıkan ontoloji temelli pedagojik boyutları, şey-araç-nesne çerçevesi üzerinden kuramsallaştıran bir yaklaşım benimsemektedir. Mimari tasarım bu bağlamda bilgi, üretim ve yaratım süreçleriyle ilişkili zihinsel, mantıksal ve sezgisel yönleri kapsar. Bütünsel kavrayışı parçaların ötesine koyan ontolojik yaklaşımlar, temsili üretim süreçlerini sorgular ve bilginin ilişkisel yapısına odaklanır. Mimarlık eğitiminde MSGSÜ Mimari Tasarıma Giriş dersi, fenomenolojik ve nesne yönelimli yaklaşımları birleştirerek mimarlık epistemolojisinin tasarımsal pedagojisini sorunsallaştırır. Bu yaklaşımlar, ölçekli çizimlerin ve modellemenin mimari nesnelerin biçimsel bilgisini nasıl temsil ettiğini ve mekânsal-zamansal deneyimlerin fenomenal alımlanışıyla nasıl ilişkili olduğunu inceler. Araştırma, pratikte formal mimarlık bilgisinin pedagojik bağlamdaki ontolojik statüsünün dönüşümünü belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma; mekânsal farkındalığın temsili, tasarıma müdahele, müdahele olarak tasarım, tasarımda fenomenal durumlar, antropometrik verilerin rasyonelleştirilmesi, ölçekleme, modelleme ve tasarımdaki şeyler, araçlar, varlıklar ve nesneler arasındaki ilişkisel mesafeleri ele alır.

References

  • Arpacıoğlu, Ü. & Özgünler, M. (2018). An evaluation on immaterialisation phenomenon in religious spaces of architecture. A|Z ITU Journal of the Faculty of Architecture, Vol: 15, No: 1, 163-175.
  • Boudon, P. (2015). Mimari Mekan Üzerine, Mimarlık epistemolojisi Üzerine Deneme, çev. Alp Tümertekin, İstanbul: Janus.
  • Frampton, K. (2001). Studies in Tectonic Culture: The Poetics of Construction in Nineteenth and Twentieth Century Architecture, MIT Press
  • Gadamer, H-G. (2004). Truth and Method. London: Continuum.
  • Günsoy, F. (2020). Richard Rorty Felsefesine Giriş, Felsefe ve Doğanın Aynası, İstanbul:Dergah Yayınları, 9-19.
  • Harman, G. (1999). Tool-Being: Elements in a Theory of Objects. Dissertation, Depaul University.
  • Harman, G. (2002). Tool-Being: Heidegger and the Metaphysics of Objects. Peru, IL: Open Court Publishing.
  • Harman, G. (2010). Technology, objects and things in Heidegger, Cambridge Journal of Economics, 34(1), 17-25
  • Harman, G. (2016). Immaterialism, Objects and Social Theory, Cambridge: Polity Press
  • Harman, G. (2020). Nesne-yönelimli Ontoloji, Her Şeyin Yeni Bir Teorisi, çev: Oğuz Karayemiş, İstanbul: Telekt.
  • Heidegger, M. (1962). Being and Time, trans: John Macquarie & Edward Robinson, Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.
  • Heidegger, M. (1975). The Thing, Poetry, Language, Thought, trans. Albert Hofstadter. New York: Harper & Row Publishing. pp.163-186
  • Husserl, E. (1999). The Idea of Phenomenology. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
  • Husserl, E. (2015). İçsel Zananın Bilincinin Fenomenolojisi Üzerine, der. Martin Heidegger, İstanbul: Avesta Basın Yayın.
  • Latour, B. (1988). Science in Action: How to Follow Scientists and Engineers Through Society, Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • Merleau-Ponty, M. (1973). The Prose of the World. Chicago: Northwestern University Press.
  • Norberg-Schultz, C. (1967). Intentions in Architecture, Cambridge: The MIT Press.
  • Pallasmaa, J. (1996). The Eye of the Skin: Architecture and The Senses. NY: Wiley & Sons.
  • Polanyi, M. (1967). The Tacit Dimension. New York: Anchor Books, Doubleday.
  • Ritter, H.W.J. & Webber, M. M. (1973). Dillemas of a general theory of planning, Policy Sciences, 2(4), 155-169.
  • Sayın, T. (2016). Kartezyen Dualistik Düşünceden Ontolojik Çözünmeye: Mimarlıkta “Geçirgenliğin” Dönüşümü. In Mimarlıkta Işık Sorunsalı (pp. 22–55). İstanbul: MSGSÜ Yayınları.
  • Sayın, T. (2022). Mimari tasarımda cephe kurulumunda geçirgenlik üzerine bir araştırma: tektonik ve yüzey. Journal of Architectural Sciences and Applications, 7(1), 119-131. doi: https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1030583
  • Schön, D. (1986). Educating the Reflective Practitioner. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
  • Schön, D. (2001). The Reflective Practitioner – How Professionals Think in Action. Århus: Klim.
  • Smith, S. (2004). Tool-being: Through Heidegger to realism, Techné 7(3), 136-140.
  • Yazıcıoğlu, S. (2022). Husserl Fenomenolojisinde Zaman Algı Bellek, Ankara: Fol.

Ontological Approaches in Architectural Education: Phenomenology and Object-Oriented Design in Practice

Year 2025, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 451 - 475, 28.07.2025
https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1663128

Abstract

This research adopts an ontology-based approach to theorizing the pedagogical dimensions of ontology that emerge through the architectural curriculum via the thing-tool-object framework. Architectural design, in this context, encompasses the mental, logical, and intuitive aspects related to processes of knowledge, production, and creation. Ontological approaches that prioritize holistic understanding beyond isolated parts challenge representational production processes and focus on the relational structure of knowledge. In architectural education, the MSFAU Introduction to Architectural Design course problematizes the pedagogical formation of architectural epistemology by integrating phenomenological and object-oriented approaches. These approaches examine how scaled drawings and modeling represent the formal knowledge of architectural objects and how this relates to the phenomenal reception of spatio-temporal experiences. The research aims to identify the transformation of the ontological status of formal architectural knowledge within its pedagogical context through practical applications. The study addresses key issues in architectural education: the representation of spatial awareness, design as intervention, interventions and phenomenal conditions in design processes, the rationalization of anthropometric data, scaling, modeling, and the relational distances between things, tools, beings, and objects in design.

References

  • Arpacıoğlu, Ü. & Özgünler, M. (2018). An evaluation on immaterialisation phenomenon in religious spaces of architecture. A|Z ITU Journal of the Faculty of Architecture, Vol: 15, No: 1, 163-175.
  • Boudon, P. (2015). Mimari Mekan Üzerine, Mimarlık epistemolojisi Üzerine Deneme, çev. Alp Tümertekin, İstanbul: Janus.
  • Frampton, K. (2001). Studies in Tectonic Culture: The Poetics of Construction in Nineteenth and Twentieth Century Architecture, MIT Press
  • Gadamer, H-G. (2004). Truth and Method. London: Continuum.
  • Günsoy, F. (2020). Richard Rorty Felsefesine Giriş, Felsefe ve Doğanın Aynası, İstanbul:Dergah Yayınları, 9-19.
  • Harman, G. (1999). Tool-Being: Elements in a Theory of Objects. Dissertation, Depaul University.
  • Harman, G. (2002). Tool-Being: Heidegger and the Metaphysics of Objects. Peru, IL: Open Court Publishing.
  • Harman, G. (2010). Technology, objects and things in Heidegger, Cambridge Journal of Economics, 34(1), 17-25
  • Harman, G. (2016). Immaterialism, Objects and Social Theory, Cambridge: Polity Press
  • Harman, G. (2020). Nesne-yönelimli Ontoloji, Her Şeyin Yeni Bir Teorisi, çev: Oğuz Karayemiş, İstanbul: Telekt.
  • Heidegger, M. (1962). Being and Time, trans: John Macquarie & Edward Robinson, Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.
  • Heidegger, M. (1975). The Thing, Poetry, Language, Thought, trans. Albert Hofstadter. New York: Harper & Row Publishing. pp.163-186
  • Husserl, E. (1999). The Idea of Phenomenology. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
  • Husserl, E. (2015). İçsel Zananın Bilincinin Fenomenolojisi Üzerine, der. Martin Heidegger, İstanbul: Avesta Basın Yayın.
  • Latour, B. (1988). Science in Action: How to Follow Scientists and Engineers Through Society, Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • Merleau-Ponty, M. (1973). The Prose of the World. Chicago: Northwestern University Press.
  • Norberg-Schultz, C. (1967). Intentions in Architecture, Cambridge: The MIT Press.
  • Pallasmaa, J. (1996). The Eye of the Skin: Architecture and The Senses. NY: Wiley & Sons.
  • Polanyi, M. (1967). The Tacit Dimension. New York: Anchor Books, Doubleday.
  • Ritter, H.W.J. & Webber, M. M. (1973). Dillemas of a general theory of planning, Policy Sciences, 2(4), 155-169.
  • Sayın, T. (2016). Kartezyen Dualistik Düşünceden Ontolojik Çözünmeye: Mimarlıkta “Geçirgenliğin” Dönüşümü. In Mimarlıkta Işık Sorunsalı (pp. 22–55). İstanbul: MSGSÜ Yayınları.
  • Sayın, T. (2022). Mimari tasarımda cephe kurulumunda geçirgenlik üzerine bir araştırma: tektonik ve yüzey. Journal of Architectural Sciences and Applications, 7(1), 119-131. doi: https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1030583
  • Schön, D. (1986). Educating the Reflective Practitioner. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
  • Schön, D. (2001). The Reflective Practitioner – How Professionals Think in Action. Århus: Klim.
  • Smith, S. (2004). Tool-being: Through Heidegger to realism, Techné 7(3), 136-140.
  • Yazıcıoğlu, S. (2022). Husserl Fenomenolojisinde Zaman Algı Bellek, Ankara: Fol.
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Architectural History, Theory and Criticism, Architectural Design, Interaction and Experience Design, Models and Simulations of Design, Design History, Theory and Criticism, Design Practice and Methods
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Tolga Sayın 0000-0002-8128-7255

Publication Date July 28, 2025
Submission Date March 22, 2025
Acceptance Date June 25, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 10 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Sayın, T. (2025). Ontological Approaches in Architectural Education: Phenomenology and Object-Oriented Design in Practice. Journal of Architectural Sciences and Applications, 10(1), 451-475. https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1663128