Araştırma Makalesi
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The Relationship Between Smartphone Addiction and Headache in University Students

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 14, 199 - 217, 30.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.32579/mecmua.1168802

Öz

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the rate of smartphone addiction in university students, factors that influence this addiction and the relationship between smartphone usage and headache.
Materials and Methods: This study is a descriptive and cross-sectional study. Sampling was performed using the sample determination formula for a known population. In the collection of data, socio-demographic characteristics, variables related to headache and “The Smartphone Addiction Inventory – Short Form (SPAI-SF)” were used. Data were evaluated using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), the independent t-test, the Chi-square analysis and logistic regression analysis, and were expressed as counts, percentages and mean±standard deviation.
Results: Of the participants, 56.6% were female, 43.4% were male; 55.2% were aged 20 and under, 61.4% were living with their parents and 33.5% were living in a dormitory. 86.3% of the students stated that they used their smartphones for messaging and/or calling, 72.7% for internet, 69.4% for social media etc. While 32.7% of the students were addicted to their smartphones, 67.7% were not. A significant relationship was found between the status of smartphone addiction of the students and the frequency of headaches, the severity of headaches, the duration of daily smartphone usage and the duration of smartphone usage before sleep (p<0.05). Being a male, a one unit increase in the age of first-time smartphone use and smartphone addiction status increase the frequency of headaches by respectively 2.123 times, 1.147 times and 2.216 times (p<0.05).
Conclusion: In our study, it was found that approximately one third of the students were addicted to smartphones. The relationship between smartphone usage and headache was proven by the high SPAI-SF scores of students who had frequent and severe headaches. Informing students about the negative effects of excessive smartphone usage on health is recommended.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Röösli, M., Frei, P., Mohler, E., & Hug, K. (2010). Systematic review on the health effects of exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields from mobile phone base stations. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 88(12), 887–896F. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.09.071852
  • 2. May, H., & Hearn, G. (2005). The mobile phone as media. International Journal of Cultural Studies, 8(2), 195–211. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367877905052417.
  • 3.Mei MC, Ling HC, Jian AY, Pei WW., (2012). Conceptual Paper: Factors Affecting the Demand of Smartphone among Young Adult, International Journal on Social Science, Economics and Art, 2(2): 44-9.
  • 4.Noyan CO, Darçın AE, Nurmedov S, Yılmaz O, Dilbaz N., (2015). Akıllı telefon bağımlılığı ölçeğinin kısa formunun üniversite öğrencilerinde Türkçe geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 16 (Özel sayı.1): 73-81.
  • 5.Samaha M, Hawi NS., (2016). Relationships among smartphone addiction, stress, academic performance, and satisfaction with life. Computers in Human Behaivor, 57: 321-5.
  • 6.Kimiloglu H, Aslihan Nasir V, Nasir S., (2010). Discovering behavioral segments in the mobile phone market. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 27(5): 401-13.
  • 7.Scarsella A., (2021). Worldwide Smartphone Forecast 2022–2026. IDC; Available from: https://www.idc.com/getdoc.jsp?containerId=US48936022, (Erişim Tarihi: 03.03.2022).
  • 8.Türkiye İstatistik Enstitüsü Kurumu (2020). İstatistiklerle Aile. Ankara; Erişim Linki: https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Istatistiklerle-Aile-2020-37251, (Erişim Tarihi: 03.03.2022).
  • 9.Öztürk O., (1989). Ruh Sağlığı ve Bozuklukları, 2. Baskı, İstanbul: Evrim Basım Yayım Dağıtım.
  • 10.Kwon M, Kim DJ, Cho H, Yang S., (2013). The smartphone addiction scale: development and validation of a short version for adolescents. Plos One, 8(12): e83558.
  • 11.Savcı M, Aysan F., (2017). Technological addictions and social connectedness: predictor effect of internet addiction, social media addiction, digital game addiction and smartphone addiction on social connectedness. Dusunen Adam The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences, 30: 202-216.
  • 12. Park, N., & Lee, H. (2012). Social implications of smartphone use: Korean college students' smartphone use and psychological well-being. Cyberpsychology, behavior and social networking, 15(9), 491–497. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2011.0580
  • 13. Thomée, S., Härenstam, A., & Hagberg, M. (2011). Mobile phone use and stress, sleep disturbances, and symptoms of depression among young adults--a prospective cohort study. BMC public health, 11, 66. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-11-66
  • 14.Kwon M, Lee J-Y, Won W-Y, Park J-W, Min J-A, Hahn C, et al., (2013). Development and validation of a smartphone addiction scale (SAS). Plos One, 8(2): 56-93.
  • 15.Soni R, Upadhyay R, Jain M., (2017). Prevalence of Smart Phone Addiction, Sleep Quality And Associated Behaviour Problems in Adolescents. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 5: 515-519.
  • 16.Demirci K, Demirci S, Akgönül M., (2016). Headache in Smartphone Users: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Neurology and Psychology, 4(1): 1-5.
  • 17.Roberts J.A, Yaya L.H.P, Manolis C., (2014). The invisible addiction: Cell-phone activities and addiction among male and female college students. Journal Behavioral Addiction, 3(4): 254–265.
  • 18.Keskin T, Ergan M, Başkurt F, Başkurt Z., (2018). Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Akıllı Telefon Kullanımı Ve Baş Ağrısı İlişkisi, Adıyaman Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(2):864-873.
  • 19. Aktaş, H. & Yılmaz, N. (2017). Smartphone addiction in terms of the elements of loneliness and shyness of university youth . International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, 3 (1) , 85-100 . DOI: 10.24289/ijsser.283590
  • 20.Dıgıtal 2021: Turkey, Available from: https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2021-turkey, (Erişim Tarihi: 03.03.2022).
  • 21. Kayode, E., Idowu, B.N., & Gbenga, O.S. (2014). Predıctıon Of An Increase In Eye Problems, In Ijebu-Ode And Ijebu North Local Government Area Of Ogun State In The Nearest Future As A Result Of Spendıng Much Tıme On Computer /Smartphone. International Journal Of Current Research And Review, 6, 35-40.
  • 22.Lee JI, Song HS. (2014). The correlation analysis between hours of smartphone use and neck pain in the Gachon University students. The Acupuncture, 31(2): 99-109.
  • 23.Lemola S, Perkinson GN, Brand S, Dewald KJF, Grob A., (2015). Adolescents’ electronic media use at night, sleep disturbance, and depressive symptoms in the smartphone age. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 44(2): 405-418.
  • 24.Hwang KH, Yoo YS, Cho OH., (2012). Smartphone overuse and upper extremity pain, anxiety, depression, and interpersonal relationships among college Students. Korea Constents Association, 12 (10): 365-375.
  • 25.Kuyucu M., (2017). Gençlerde Akıllı Telefon Kullanımı Ve Akıllı Telefon Bağımlılığı Sorunsalı: Akıllı Telefon (Kolik) Üniversite Gençliği. Global Medical Journal, 7(14); 320-351.
  • 26.We Are Social, The Latest Insıghts Into The ‘State Of Dıgıtal’ Digital 2021. Available from: https://wearesocial.com/uk/blog/2021/01/digital-2021-the-latest-insights-into-the-state-of-digital/, (Erişim Tarihi: 03.03.2022).

Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Akıllı Telefon Bağımlılıkları ve Baş Ağrısı İle İlişkisi

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 14, 199 - 217, 30.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.32579/mecmua.1168802

Öz

Amaç: Bu araştırma üniversite öğrencilerinin akıllı telefon bağımlılık oranını, etkileyen faktörlerini ve akıllı telefon kullanımının baş ağrısı ile ilişkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Gerekçe ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel bir çalışmadır. Örnekleme, bilinen bir popülasyon için örnek belirleme formülü kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Verilerin toplanmasında sosyodemografik özellikler, baş ağrısı ile ilgili değişkenler ve “Akıllı Telefon Bağımlılığı Envanteri – Kısa Form (SPAI-SF)” kullanılmıştır. Veriler tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA), bağımsız t-testi, Ki-kare analizi ve lojistik regresyon analizi kullanılarak değerlendirildi ve sayılar, yüzdeler ve ortalama±standart sapma olarak ifade edildi.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların, %56,6’sı kadın, %43.4’ü erkektir, %55.2’si 20 yaş ve altı yaş grubunda olup %61.4’ü aile evinde %33.5’i yurtta kalmaktadır. Öğrencilerin %86.3’ü mesaj ve/veya telefon açmak için, %72.7’si internet kullanmak için, %69.4’ü sosyal medya kullanmak için vb. nedenlerle akıllı telefon kullandıklarını belirtmektedirler. Öğrencilerin %32.7’si akıllı telefon bağımlısıyken %67.7’si de akıllı telefon bağımlısı değildir. Öğrencilerin akıllı telefon bağımlılık durumuyla baş ağrısı sıklığı, baş ağrısı şiddeti, akıllı telefonları günlük kullanım süresi ve akıllı telefonları uykudan önce kullanım süresi arasında anlamlılık bulunmaktadır (p<0.05). Öğrencilerin erkek olma durumu 2.123 kat, ilk akıllı telefon kullanım yaşındaki bir birimlik artış 1.147 kat ve akıllı telefon bağımlısı olma durumu ise 2.216 kat baş ağrısı sıklığını arttırmaktadır (p<0.05).
Sonuç: Çalışmamızda öğrencilerin yaklaşık üçte biri akıllı telefon bağımlısıdır. Öğrencilerin akıllı telefon kullanımının baş ağrısı ile ilişkisi, sık sık baş ağrısı çekenlerin ve baş ağrısı şiddetli olanların ATBÖ-KF puanlarının yüksek bulunmasıyla anlaşılmaktadır. Aşırı akıllı telefon kullanımının sağlık üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri hakkında bilgilendirici faaliyetler yapılması önerilebilir.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Röösli, M., Frei, P., Mohler, E., & Hug, K. (2010). Systematic review on the health effects of exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields from mobile phone base stations. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 88(12), 887–896F. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.09.071852
  • 2. May, H., & Hearn, G. (2005). The mobile phone as media. International Journal of Cultural Studies, 8(2), 195–211. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367877905052417.
  • 3.Mei MC, Ling HC, Jian AY, Pei WW., (2012). Conceptual Paper: Factors Affecting the Demand of Smartphone among Young Adult, International Journal on Social Science, Economics and Art, 2(2): 44-9.
  • 4.Noyan CO, Darçın AE, Nurmedov S, Yılmaz O, Dilbaz N., (2015). Akıllı telefon bağımlılığı ölçeğinin kısa formunun üniversite öğrencilerinde Türkçe geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 16 (Özel sayı.1): 73-81.
  • 5.Samaha M, Hawi NS., (2016). Relationships among smartphone addiction, stress, academic performance, and satisfaction with life. Computers in Human Behaivor, 57: 321-5.
  • 6.Kimiloglu H, Aslihan Nasir V, Nasir S., (2010). Discovering behavioral segments in the mobile phone market. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 27(5): 401-13.
  • 7.Scarsella A., (2021). Worldwide Smartphone Forecast 2022–2026. IDC; Available from: https://www.idc.com/getdoc.jsp?containerId=US48936022, (Erişim Tarihi: 03.03.2022).
  • 8.Türkiye İstatistik Enstitüsü Kurumu (2020). İstatistiklerle Aile. Ankara; Erişim Linki: https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Istatistiklerle-Aile-2020-37251, (Erişim Tarihi: 03.03.2022).
  • 9.Öztürk O., (1989). Ruh Sağlığı ve Bozuklukları, 2. Baskı, İstanbul: Evrim Basım Yayım Dağıtım.
  • 10.Kwon M, Kim DJ, Cho H, Yang S., (2013). The smartphone addiction scale: development and validation of a short version for adolescents. Plos One, 8(12): e83558.
  • 11.Savcı M, Aysan F., (2017). Technological addictions and social connectedness: predictor effect of internet addiction, social media addiction, digital game addiction and smartphone addiction on social connectedness. Dusunen Adam The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences, 30: 202-216.
  • 12. Park, N., & Lee, H. (2012). Social implications of smartphone use: Korean college students' smartphone use and psychological well-being. Cyberpsychology, behavior and social networking, 15(9), 491–497. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2011.0580
  • 13. Thomée, S., Härenstam, A., & Hagberg, M. (2011). Mobile phone use and stress, sleep disturbances, and symptoms of depression among young adults--a prospective cohort study. BMC public health, 11, 66. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-11-66
  • 14.Kwon M, Lee J-Y, Won W-Y, Park J-W, Min J-A, Hahn C, et al., (2013). Development and validation of a smartphone addiction scale (SAS). Plos One, 8(2): 56-93.
  • 15.Soni R, Upadhyay R, Jain M., (2017). Prevalence of Smart Phone Addiction, Sleep Quality And Associated Behaviour Problems in Adolescents. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 5: 515-519.
  • 16.Demirci K, Demirci S, Akgönül M., (2016). Headache in Smartphone Users: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Neurology and Psychology, 4(1): 1-5.
  • 17.Roberts J.A, Yaya L.H.P, Manolis C., (2014). The invisible addiction: Cell-phone activities and addiction among male and female college students. Journal Behavioral Addiction, 3(4): 254–265.
  • 18.Keskin T, Ergan M, Başkurt F, Başkurt Z., (2018). Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Akıllı Telefon Kullanımı Ve Baş Ağrısı İlişkisi, Adıyaman Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(2):864-873.
  • 19. Aktaş, H. & Yılmaz, N. (2017). Smartphone addiction in terms of the elements of loneliness and shyness of university youth . International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, 3 (1) , 85-100 . DOI: 10.24289/ijsser.283590
  • 20.Dıgıtal 2021: Turkey, Available from: https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2021-turkey, (Erişim Tarihi: 03.03.2022).
  • 21. Kayode, E., Idowu, B.N., & Gbenga, O.S. (2014). Predıctıon Of An Increase In Eye Problems, In Ijebu-Ode And Ijebu North Local Government Area Of Ogun State In The Nearest Future As A Result Of Spendıng Much Tıme On Computer /Smartphone. International Journal Of Current Research And Review, 6, 35-40.
  • 22.Lee JI, Song HS. (2014). The correlation analysis between hours of smartphone use and neck pain in the Gachon University students. The Acupuncture, 31(2): 99-109.
  • 23.Lemola S, Perkinson GN, Brand S, Dewald KJF, Grob A., (2015). Adolescents’ electronic media use at night, sleep disturbance, and depressive symptoms in the smartphone age. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 44(2): 405-418.
  • 24.Hwang KH, Yoo YS, Cho OH., (2012). Smartphone overuse and upper extremity pain, anxiety, depression, and interpersonal relationships among college Students. Korea Constents Association, 12 (10): 365-375.
  • 25.Kuyucu M., (2017). Gençlerde Akıllı Telefon Kullanımı Ve Akıllı Telefon Bağımlılığı Sorunsalı: Akıllı Telefon (Kolik) Üniversite Gençliği. Global Medical Journal, 7(14); 320-351.
  • 26.We Are Social, The Latest Insıghts Into The ‘State Of Dıgıtal’ Digital 2021. Available from: https://wearesocial.com/uk/blog/2021/01/digital-2021-the-latest-insights-into-the-state-of-digital/, (Erişim Tarihi: 03.03.2022).
Toplam 26 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm SOSYAL, BEŞERİ VE İDARİ BİLİMLER
Yazarlar

Mehmet Ali Şen 0000-0001-6193-0525

Nurettin Menteş 0000-0002-5650-4342

Mehmet Emin Kurt 0000-0002-7181-8681

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Eylül 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Sayı: 14

Kaynak Göster

APA Şen, M. A., Menteş, N., & Kurt, M. E. (2022). Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Akıllı Telefon Bağımlılıkları ve Baş Ağrısı İle İlişkisi. Mecmua(14), 199-217. https://doi.org/10.32579/mecmua.1168802


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