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Yıl 2015, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 1 - 11, 27.11.2015

HAMDİ Küçük GÜNTER Dilsiz NEJAT Demircan , EROL Aktunç Ayşe Demir Akça , Fürüzan Köktürk

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Koylan N. Ateroskleroz ve hiperlipidemi ilişkisine epidemiyolojik yaklaşım. Hipokrat Kardiyoloji.1998;1(7):22-26.
  • Kıvanç M.M, Bozkurt G, Bayram S, Özer Y, Kardiyak yoğun bakim ünitelerinde rehabilitasyon uygulamalarının incelenmesi. İçinde: Onat A. (ed.) Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Arşivi XVI. Ulusal Kardiyoloji Kongresi Bildiri Özetleri. İstanbul: 2000: SB 149.
  • Ulusal Kalp Sağlığı Politikası, Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği web sayfası http://www.tkd.org.tr/pages.asp.pg=276
  • Minnet C. Çocukluk Çağında B 12 Vitamini Eksikliğinin Oksidan-Antioksidan Sistem ve DNA Hasarı İle İlişkisi (tez). Şanlıurfa: Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi; 2006.
  • Türkiye kalp ve damar hastalıklarını önleme ve kontrol etme programı 2008
  • Yesilbursa D., Serdar O.A., Gemici K.,Kaya K.,Güllüsü S.,Aydınlar A. Ve ark. Koroner arter hastalığında risk faktörlerinin ve anjiografik bulguların cinsiyetlere göre karsılaştırılması. Türkiye Tıp Dergisi.1998;5(1):17-20.
  • Coldiz G.A., Willet V.C., Stamgfer M.J. Menopause and the risk of coronary heart disease in women. N. Engl J. Med. 1987; 316: 1105-1111.
  • Djanmohammedi R.A., Sansoy V., Yigit Z., Gürmen T.,Gülbaran M., Öztürk S. Ve ark. Koroner arter hastalarında sekonder korumanın etkinliğinin değerlendirilmesi. Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Arşivi. 2000; 28 (4): 216-223.
  • Onat A, Büyük öztürk K, Sansoy V, Surdum Avci G, Çam N, Akgün G, Tokgözoglu L, Çağlar N, San M, Nişancı Y, Oto A, Ergene O,Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği, Koroner Kalp hastalığı, Korunma ve Tedavi Kılavuzu, İstanbul. Yenilik Basımevi, 2002
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  • The 7th Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/ guidelines/ hypertension/index.htm 2003
  • Wong ND, Cupples LA, Ostfeld AM, Levy D, Kannel WB: Risk factors for long-term coronary prognosis after initial myocardial infarction: the Framigham Study. AM J Epidemiol,1989; 130: 469-480
  • Vasan RS, Larson MG, Leip EG, Evans JC, O’Donnell Cj, Kannel WB, Levy D: Impact of high –normal blood pressure on the risk of cardiovascular disease.N Eng J Med 2001 ;345:1291-1297
  • Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Ulusal Hipertansiyon Tedavi ve Takip Kılavuzu. Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Arş. 2000;28: 335-97
  • Karpuz H, Gizli Düşman Artik daha mı tehlikeli. Sanovizon, 4: 10-14, 2004
  • Expert panel on detection, evaluation and treatment high blood cholesterol in adults. Executive summary of the third report of the national cholesterol education program (NCEP). (adult tratment panel III). JAMA 2001; 285:2486
  • Diabetes Mellitus Ve Komplikasyonlarının Tanı, Tedavi Ve İzlem Kılavuzu-2011
  • The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group.The efect of intensive treatement of diabetes on the developement and progression of long term complications in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 1993;329: 997-86
  • Wilhemsson C, Elmfeldt D et al:Smoking and myocardial infarction. Lancet 1975;1:415-
  • US Department of Health and Human Services. The Health Consequences of Smoking: Cardiovascular Disease_ A Report of the Surgeon General. Washington, DC: Office of Smoking and Health, US Gover nment Printing Office; 1983.
  • Eckel RH, Krauss RM. American Heart Association call to action: Obesity as a majör risk factors. Circulation 1998; 97: 2099
  • National Task Force on the Prevention and Treatment of Obesity. Dieting and the development of eating disorders in overweight and obese adults. Arch Int Med 2000;
  • : 2581-9.
  • Calle EE, Thun MJ, Petrilli JM, et al. Body- mass index and mortality in a prospective cohort of U.S. adults. N Eng J Med 1999; 341: 1097
  • Onat A, Şenocak M. Obesity in Turkish adults: prevalence, validity as a coronary risk factors and interrelation with other risk factors. Int J Ang 1995; 4: 94-8.
  • Joint National Committee on Prevention, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC 7 Report). National Institutes of Health; National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. JAMA 2003; 289: 2560-2572
  • Van den Hoogen PCW, Feskens EJM, Jaglekerke NJD. The relation betveen blood pressure and mortality due to coronary heart disease among men in different parts of the Word. N Eng J Med 2000; 342: 1
  • Hurt’s The Heart. Valentin Fuster, R. Wayne Alexander, Robert O’Rourke. 10. Baskısının Türkçe çevirisi. And Danışmanlık Eğitim Yayıncılık ve Organizasyon Ltd. Şti. 1. Basım. 2002 Sayfa, 1065-1109
  • Clinical Obesity / Edited by Peter G. Kopelman and Michael Stock, 1998. Birinci baskısının Türkçesi. Klinik Obezite 2000. And Danışmanlık, Eğitim, Yayıncılık ve Organizasyon Ltd. Şti. Sayfa 1,2,3.
  • Hubert HB, Feinleib M, MacNamara PM, et al. Obesity as an independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease: A 26 year follow-up of participants in the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation 1983; 67: 968
  • Jousilahti P, Tuomilehto J, Vartiainene E, et al. Body weight, cardiovascular risk factors, and coronary mortality. Circulation 1996; 93: 1372-9
  • Prof. Dr. Altan Onat, Prof. Dr. Vedat Sansoy, Prof. Dr. İnan Soydan, Prof. Dr. Lale Tokgözoğlu, Prof. Dr. Kamil Adalet., TEKHARF; On iki Yıllık İzleme Deneyimine Göre Türk Erişkinlerinde Kalp Sağlığı. Argos İletişim Hizmetleri Reklamcılık ve Ticaret Anonim Şirketi. Temmuz 2003, İstanbul.
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  • Paul E. Szmitko, Chao-Hung Wang, Richard D, et al. New markers of inflammation and endothelial cell activation. Part I. Circulation 2003; 108: 1917
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  • Ridker PM, Stampfer MJ, Rifai N. Novel risk factors for systemic atherosclerosis: a comparison of C-reactive protein, fibrinojen, homocysteine, lipoprotein(a), and Standard cholesterol screening as predictors of peripheral arterial disease. JAMA 2001; 285: 2481-2485
  • Ridker PM. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein: potential adjunct global risk assesment in primery prevention of cardiovascular disease. Circulation 2001; 103: 1813-1818
  • Bir Türk Kohortunda plazma homosistein folat ve B 12 düzeylerinin koroner arter hastalığı risk faktörü olarak önemi. Türk Kardiyoloji dern. Arş. 2000;28:481-488
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B 12 VİTAMİN DÜZEYİ EKSİKLİĞİ OLAN HASTALARLA NORMAL OLAN HASTALARIN KARDİYOVASKÜLER RİSK FAKTÖRLERİ AÇISINDAN RETROSPEKTİF OLARAK DEĞERLENDİRMESİ

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 1 - 11, 27.11.2015

HAMDİ Küçük GÜNTER Dilsiz NEJAT Demircan , EROL Aktunç Ayşe Demir Akça , Fürüzan Köktürk

Öz

Kardiyovasküler hastalık açısından bilinen risk faktörleri olan obezite, ileri yaş, hipertansiyon,
dislipidemi, diyabet, sigara gibi faktörlerin yanı sıra yapılan çalışmalar B 12 vitamin eksikliğininde
homosistein düzeyini artırarak koroner hastalıklar için bağımsız bir risk faktörü oluşturduğu
gösterilmiştir. Bu çalışmada polikliniğimize başvurmuş ve B 12 vitamin eksikliği görülmüş hastaları, B 12
düzeyi normal olan hastalara göre diğer kardiyovasküler risk faktörleri açısından değerlendirdik ve bu
hastalarda olası koroner hastalıklar için var olan risk faktörlerini göstermeye çalıştık. Bülent Ecevit
Üniversitesi Uygulama ve Araştırma Hastanesi Aile Hekimliği Polikliniği’ne son 1 (bir) yıl içinde
başvurmuş ve B 12 vitamin eksikliği gözlemlenmiş hastaların dosyalarından sağlık bilgileri, ilaç kullanım
öyküleri, sigara, kronik hastalık, aile öykülerini kullanarak, fizik muayene bulgularından kan basıncı ve
VKI’lerıne bakarak, istenilen laboratuvar sonuçlarından B 12 düzeyi, HDL, LDL, total kolesterol, CRP,
trigliserid düzeylerine bakarak var olan kardiyovasküler riskleri belirlemeyi amaçladık. Var olan risk
faktörleri bakımından her iki cinsiyet ve B 12 vitamin eksikliği olan ve olmayan hastalar ayrı ayrı
değerlendirilmiş ve framingham risk skorlaması ile gelecek on yılda ki olası riskleri hesaplanmıştır.
Hastaların framingham skorlamasına göre beklenen on yıllık risk faktörleri açısından aralarında anlamlı
bir fark bulunmamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Koroner arter hastalığı B 12 Framingham risk skorlaması

Kaynakça

  • Koylan N. Ateroskleroz ve hiperlipidemi ilişkisine epidemiyolojik yaklaşım. Hipokrat Kardiyoloji.1998;1(7):22-26.
  • Kıvanç M.M, Bozkurt G, Bayram S, Özer Y, Kardiyak yoğun bakim ünitelerinde rehabilitasyon uygulamalarının incelenmesi. İçinde: Onat A. (ed.) Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Arşivi XVI. Ulusal Kardiyoloji Kongresi Bildiri Özetleri. İstanbul: 2000: SB 149.
  • Ulusal Kalp Sağlığı Politikası, Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği web sayfası http://www.tkd.org.tr/pages.asp.pg=276
  • Minnet C. Çocukluk Çağında B 12 Vitamini Eksikliğinin Oksidan-Antioksidan Sistem ve DNA Hasarı İle İlişkisi (tez). Şanlıurfa: Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi; 2006.
  • Türkiye kalp ve damar hastalıklarını önleme ve kontrol etme programı 2008
  • Yesilbursa D., Serdar O.A., Gemici K.,Kaya K.,Güllüsü S.,Aydınlar A. Ve ark. Koroner arter hastalığında risk faktörlerinin ve anjiografik bulguların cinsiyetlere göre karsılaştırılması. Türkiye Tıp Dergisi.1998;5(1):17-20.
  • Coldiz G.A., Willet V.C., Stamgfer M.J. Menopause and the risk of coronary heart disease in women. N. Engl J. Med. 1987; 316: 1105-1111.
  • Djanmohammedi R.A., Sansoy V., Yigit Z., Gürmen T.,Gülbaran M., Öztürk S. Ve ark. Koroner arter hastalarında sekonder korumanın etkinliğinin değerlendirilmesi. Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Arşivi. 2000; 28 (4): 216-223.
  • Onat A, Büyük öztürk K, Sansoy V, Surdum Avci G, Çam N, Akgün G, Tokgözoglu L, Çağlar N, San M, Nişancı Y, Oto A, Ergene O,Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği, Koroner Kalp hastalığı, Korunma ve Tedavi Kılavuzu, İstanbul. Yenilik Basımevi, 2002
  • Wood J. Koroner risk faktörleri ve modifikasyonu. Keles I(ed), Kardiyolojinin Sırları, İstanbul, Nobel Matbaacılık 118-123, 2002
  • The 7th Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/ guidelines/ hypertension/index.htm 2003
  • Wong ND, Cupples LA, Ostfeld AM, Levy D, Kannel WB: Risk factors for long-term coronary prognosis after initial myocardial infarction: the Framigham Study. AM J Epidemiol,1989; 130: 469-480
  • Vasan RS, Larson MG, Leip EG, Evans JC, O’Donnell Cj, Kannel WB, Levy D: Impact of high –normal blood pressure on the risk of cardiovascular disease.N Eng J Med 2001 ;345:1291-1297
  • Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Ulusal Hipertansiyon Tedavi ve Takip Kılavuzu. Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Arş. 2000;28: 335-97
  • Karpuz H, Gizli Düşman Artik daha mı tehlikeli. Sanovizon, 4: 10-14, 2004
  • Expert panel on detection, evaluation and treatment high blood cholesterol in adults. Executive summary of the third report of the national cholesterol education program (NCEP). (adult tratment panel III). JAMA 2001; 285:2486
  • Diabetes Mellitus Ve Komplikasyonlarının Tanı, Tedavi Ve İzlem Kılavuzu-2011
  • The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group.The efect of intensive treatement of diabetes on the developement and progression of long term complications in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 1993;329: 997-86
  • Wilhemsson C, Elmfeldt D et al:Smoking and myocardial infarction. Lancet 1975;1:415-
  • US Department of Health and Human Services. The Health Consequences of Smoking: Cardiovascular Disease_ A Report of the Surgeon General. Washington, DC: Office of Smoking and Health, US Gover nment Printing Office; 1983.
  • Eckel RH, Krauss RM. American Heart Association call to action: Obesity as a majör risk factors. Circulation 1998; 97: 2099
  • National Task Force on the Prevention and Treatment of Obesity. Dieting and the development of eating disorders in overweight and obese adults. Arch Int Med 2000;
  • : 2581-9.
  • Calle EE, Thun MJ, Petrilli JM, et al. Body- mass index and mortality in a prospective cohort of U.S. adults. N Eng J Med 1999; 341: 1097
  • Onat A, Şenocak M. Obesity in Turkish adults: prevalence, validity as a coronary risk factors and interrelation with other risk factors. Int J Ang 1995; 4: 94-8.
  • Joint National Committee on Prevention, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC 7 Report). National Institutes of Health; National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. JAMA 2003; 289: 2560-2572
  • Van den Hoogen PCW, Feskens EJM, Jaglekerke NJD. The relation betveen blood pressure and mortality due to coronary heart disease among men in different parts of the Word. N Eng J Med 2000; 342: 1
  • Hurt’s The Heart. Valentin Fuster, R. Wayne Alexander, Robert O’Rourke. 10. Baskısının Türkçe çevirisi. And Danışmanlık Eğitim Yayıncılık ve Organizasyon Ltd. Şti. 1. Basım. 2002 Sayfa, 1065-1109
  • Clinical Obesity / Edited by Peter G. Kopelman and Michael Stock, 1998. Birinci baskısının Türkçesi. Klinik Obezite 2000. And Danışmanlık, Eğitim, Yayıncılık ve Organizasyon Ltd. Şti. Sayfa 1,2,3.
  • Hubert HB, Feinleib M, MacNamara PM, et al. Obesity as an independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease: A 26 year follow-up of participants in the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation 1983; 67: 968
  • Jousilahti P, Tuomilehto J, Vartiainene E, et al. Body weight, cardiovascular risk factors, and coronary mortality. Circulation 1996; 93: 1372-9
  • Prof. Dr. Altan Onat, Prof. Dr. Vedat Sansoy, Prof. Dr. İnan Soydan, Prof. Dr. Lale Tokgözoğlu, Prof. Dr. Kamil Adalet., TEKHARF; On iki Yıllık İzleme Deneyimine Göre Türk Erişkinlerinde Kalp Sağlığı. Argos İletişim Hizmetleri Reklamcılık ve Ticaret Anonim Şirketi. Temmuz 2003, İstanbul.
  • Fuster V, Alexander RW, O’Rourke RA: Hurst’sThe Heart1.baski ;3:1131-1160,2002
  • Basic Pathology, Kumar, Cotran, Robbins Türkçesi, Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri Ltd. Şti. Temmuz 2000. Sayfa 283-289
  • İç Hastalıkları. İliçin, Biberoğlu, Süleymanlar, Ünal. Güneş Kitabevi 2. baskı, 2003. Sayfa, 449-474
  • Hopkins PN, Williams RR. Human genetics and coronary heart disease: A public heart perspective. Annu Rev Nutr 1989; 9:303
  • Hurt’s The Heart. Valentin Fuster, R. Wayne Alexander, Robert O’Rourke. 10. Baskısının Türkçe çevirisi. And Danışmanlık Eğitim Yayıncılık ve Organizasyon Ltd. Şti. 1. Basım. 2002 Sayfa, 1065-1109
  • Fletcher GF, Balady G, Blair SN, et al. Statement on exercise: Benefits and recommendations for physical activity. Circulation 1996; 94:857
  • Haskell WL. Sedentary lifestyle as a risk factors for coronary heart disease. In: Pearson TA, ed. Primer in Preventive Cardiology. Dallas: American Heart Association; 1994:173
  • Scholler DA, Shay K, Kushner RF: How much physical activity is needed to minimize weight gain in previously obese women? Am J Clin Nutr 1997;66:239-46
  • Williams PT: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and other risk factors for coronary heart disease in female runners. N Eng J Med 1996;334:1298-1303
  • Helmrich SP, Ragland DR, Leung RW, Paffenbarger RD.Jr: Physical activity and reduced occurence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Eng J Med 1991;325:147-52
  • Kelley GA, Kelley KS: Progressive resistance exercise and resting blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Hypertension 2000;35:838-43
  • Chakravarthy MV, Joyner MJ, Booth FW: An obligation for primary care physicians to prescribe physical activity to sedantary patients to reduce the risk of chronic health conditions. Mayo Clin Proc 2002;77:165-73
  • Hambrecht R, Wolf A, Gielen S, et al: Effect of exercise on coronary endotelial function in patients with coronary artery disease. N Eng J Med 2000;342;454-60
  • Stratton JR, Chandler WL, Schwartz RS, et al: Effects of physical conditioning on fibrinolytic variables and fibrinogen in young and old healthy adults. Circulation 1991;83:1692-7
  • Kramsch DM, Aspen AJ, Abramowitz BM, et al: Reduction of coronary atherosclerosis by moderate conditioning exercise in monkeys on an atherogenic diet. N Eng J Med 1981;305:1483-9
  • Fuster V, Alexander RW, O’Rourke RA:Hurst’sThe Heart1.baski; 3:1131-1160,2002
  • Aslan B. SVH KVH HT epidemiyolojisi. SDÜ Saglik Bilimleri Enstitüsü Yüksek Lisans Semineri, Isparta 2001.
  • Hemingvvay H, Marmot M: Evidence based cardiology: Psychosocial factors in the aetiology and prognosis of coronary heart disease: systematic review of prospective cohort studies. BMJ 1999; 318:1460-1467
  • Berkman LF, Leo-Summers L, Horwitz Rl: Emotional support and survival after myocardial Infarction: a prospective, population-based study of the elderly. Ann Intern Med 1992;117:1003-1009
  • Auer J, Berent R, Lassnig E, Eber B. C-reactive protein and coronary artery disease. Jpn Heart J 2002; 43: 607-19.
  • Gabay C, Kushner I. Acute phase proteins and other systemic response to inflammation. N. Eng J Med. 1999 ; 340: 448-454
  • Ridker PM, Cushman M, Stampfer MJ, et al. Inflammation, aspirin and the risk of cardiovascular disease in apparently healthy men N Engl J Med 1997; 336; 973-979.
  • Ridker PM, Rifai N, Clearfield M ve ark. Measurement of C reactive protein for the targeting of statin theraphy in the primary prevention of acute coronary events. N. Eng J., Med. 2001; 344:1959-1965
  • Ikonomidis I, Andreotti F, Economou E, et al. İncreased proinflammatory cytokines in patients with chronic stable angina and their reduction by aspirin. Circulation 1999; 100:793-798
  • Anzai T, Yoshikawa T, Shiraki H ve ark. C reactive protein as a predictor of infarct expansion and cardiac rupture after Q-Wave acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 1997; 96: 778-784
  • Yamashita H, Shimada K, Seki E, Mokuno H, Daida H. Concentrations of interleukins, interferon, and C-reactive protein in stable and unstable angina pectoris. Am J Cardiol 2003; 91: 133-6.
  • Haverkate F, Thompson SG, Pyke SDM, Gallimore JR, Pepys MB, for the European Concerted Action on Thrombosis and Disabilities Angina Pectoris Study Group. Production of C-reactive protein and risk for coronary events in stable and unstable angina. Lancet 1997; 349: 462-6.
  • Ridker PM, Rifai N, Rose L, Buring JE, Cook NR. Comparison of C-reactive protein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the prediction of first cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med 2002; 347: 1557-65.
  • Paul E. Szmitko, Chao-Hung Wang, Richard D, et al. New markers of inflammation and endothelial cell activation. Part I. Circulation 2003; 108: 1917
  • Ridker PM, Hennekens CH, Buring JE, et al. C-Reaktif protein and other markers of inflammation in the prediction of cardiovascular disease in women. N Eng J Med. 2000; 342: 836-843
  • Ridker PM, Stampfer MJ, Rifai N. Novel risk factors for systemic atherosclerosis: a comparison of C-reactive protein, fibrinojen, homocysteine, lipoprotein(a), and Standard cholesterol screening as predictors of peripheral arterial disease. JAMA 2001; 285: 2481-2485
  • Ridker PM. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein: potential adjunct global risk assesment in primery prevention of cardiovascular disease. Circulation 2001; 103: 1813-1818
  • Bir Türk Kohortunda plazma homosistein folat ve B 12 düzeylerinin koroner arter hastalığı risk faktörü olarak önemi. Türk Kardiyoloji dern. Arş. 2000;28:481-488
  • Homocysteine, vitamin B 12 and folate levels in premature coronary artery disease. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders 2006 10.1186/1471-2261-6-38
  • Vitamin B 12 Deficiency Volume 67,Number 5 American Famly Physician 2003
  • Nygar O, Nordrehaug JE, Refsum H,Ueland PM,Farstad M,Vollset SE,Plasma homocysteine levels and mortality in patients with coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med 1997;337:230-6.
  • Harker LA, Reous R, Skichter SJ, Scott CR: Homocysteine induced arteriosclerosis: the role of endotelial cell injury and platelet response in its genesis. J Clin Inves 1976; 58: 731-41
  • Tsia JC, Perella MA, Yoshizumi M, et al: Promotion of vasculer smooth cell growth by homocysteine: a link to atheroscklerosis, Proc Noth Aced Sci 1994; 91: 6369-73
  • Viral Hepatit Dışı Serum Transaminaz Düzeyinde Artışa Neden Olan Hastalıklar; A.Uygun, Z.Polat Gata, Gastroenterolojı klıniği, Ankara.
  • Prediction of coronary atherosclerotic disease with liver transaminase level. Liver International ISSN 1478-3223
  • Boersma H, Doornbos G, Bloemberg BPM. Cardiovascular disease in Europe. France, European Registries of Cardiovascular Disease and Patient Management. European Society of Cardiology 1999; 15-22.
  • Onat A TEKHARF Türk Erişkinlerinde Kalp Sağlığı İçinde: Onat A. (ed.) 19-117,2005
  • Robert. C. OH, CPT, MC, USA, U.S.Army Health Clinic Darmstandt, Germany American Famıly Physıcıan March 1, 2003/ Volume 67/Number 5
  • Homocysteine, Vitamin B 12 and folate levels in premature coronary artery disease Saeed Sadeghran, Faramarz Fallahi, Mojtaba Salarifar, Gholamreza Davoodi, Merhan Mahmoodian, Abbasali Karimi and Tehran Heart Center
  • Is there any relationship between lipids and vitamin B levels in persons with elevated risk of atherosclerosis ? Agnieszka Wasilewska, Miroslawa Narkiewicz, Boleslaw Rutkowski, Wieslawa Lysrak-Szydlowska Med SciMonit, 2003; 9(3): CR147-151
  • Craig WX, Palomaki GE, Haddow JE. Cigarette smoking and serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations: an analysis of published data. Br Med J 1989; 298: 784-8.
  • O’Keefe JH, Lavie CJ, McCallister BD. Insights into the pathogenesis and prevention of coronary artery disease. Mayo Clin Proc 1995; 70: 60-79.
  • Parthasarathy S, Barnett J, Fong LG. High density lipoprotein inhibits the oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein. Biochim Biophys Acta 1990; 1044: 275-83.
  • Moriguchi EH, Fusegawa Y, Tamachi H, Goto Y. Effects of smoking on HDL subfractions in myocardial infarction patients: effects on lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase and hepatic lipase. Clin Chim Acta 1990; 195:39- 44.
  • Seden Çelik, Şevket Görgülü, Tuna Tezel, Alkol Tüketimi ve Koroner Kalp Hastalığı
  • Ergün Öksüz, Hipertansiyonda Klinik Değerlendirme ve İlaç Dışı Tedavi
  • Center for Disease Control; National Centers for Health Statistics. Results for the Third National Examination Survey 1988-1991.
  • Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) Final Report. National Cholesterol Education Program National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. National Institutes of Health, NIH Publication No. 02- 5215 September 2002
  • Haffner SM, Letho S, Ronnemaa T, et al. Mortality from coronary heart disease in subjects with type 2 diabetes and in nondiabetic subjects with and without prior myocardial infarction. N Eng J Med 1998; 339: 229
  • Stona PH, Muller JE, Hartwell T, et al. The effect of diabetes mellitus on prognosis and serial left ventricular function after acute myacardial infarction; Contribution of both coronary disease and diastolic left ventricular dysfunction to the adverse prognosis. The MILIS Study Group. J Am Coll Cardiol 1989; 14:49
  • Hopkins PN, Williams RR. Human genetics and coronary heart disease: A public heart perspective. Annu Rev Nutr 1989; 9:303
  • İç Hastalıkları. İliçin, Biberoğlu, Süleymanlar, Ünal. Güneş Kitabevi , 2. baskı, 2003.449-474
  • Rissanen AM. Familial aggregation of coronary heart disesase in a high incidence area. Br Heart J 1979; 42:294
  • Ross R. The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis: a perspective for the 1990s. Nature 1993; 362: 801-809
  • Tracy RP. Inflammation in cardiovascular disease. Circulation 1998; 97: 2000-2002
  • Pasternak RC, Grundy TM, Levy D, Thompson PD: Task Force 3. Spectrum of risk factors for coronary heart disease. JACC 1996;27 :978-990 132
Toplam 93 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil TR, EN
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

HAMDİ Küçük Bu kişi benim

GÜNTER Dilsiz Bu kişi benim

NEJAT Demircan

EROL Aktunç Bu kişi benim

Ayşe Demir Akça

Fürüzan Köktürk

Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Kasım 2015
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2015 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Küçük, H., Dilsiz, G., Demircan, N., Aktunç, E., vd. (2015). B 12 VİTAMİN DÜZEYİ EKSİKLİĞİ OLAN HASTALARLA NORMAL OLAN HASTALARIN KARDİYOVASKÜLER RİSK FAKTÖRLERİ AÇISINDAN RETROSPEKTİF OLARAK DEĞERLENDİRMESİ. Zonguldak Karaelmas Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi Medi ForuM, 2(1), 1-11.
AMA Küçük H, Dilsiz G, Demircan N, Aktunç E, Demir Akça A, Köktürk F. B 12 VİTAMİN DÜZEYİ EKSİKLİĞİ OLAN HASTALARLA NORMAL OLAN HASTALARIN KARDİYOVASKÜLER RİSK FAKTÖRLERİ AÇISINDAN RETROSPEKTİF OLARAK DEĞERLENDİRMESİ. Zonguldak Karaelmas Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi Medi ForuM. Kasım 2015;2(1):1-11.
Chicago Küçük, HAMDİ, GÜNTER Dilsiz, NEJAT Demircan, EROL Aktunç, Ayşe Demir Akça, ve Fürüzan Köktürk. “B 12 VİTAMİN DÜZEYİ EKSİKLİĞİ OLAN HASTALARLA NORMAL OLAN HASTALARIN KARDİYOVASKÜLER RİSK FAKTÖRLERİ AÇISINDAN RETROSPEKTİF OLARAK DEĞERLENDİRMESİ”. Zonguldak Karaelmas Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi Medi ForuM 2, sy. 1 (Kasım 2015): 1-11.
EndNote Küçük H, Dilsiz G, Demircan N, Aktunç E, Demir Akça A, Köktürk F (01 Kasım 2015) B 12 VİTAMİN DÜZEYİ EKSİKLİĞİ OLAN HASTALARLA NORMAL OLAN HASTALARIN KARDİYOVASKÜLER RİSK FAKTÖRLERİ AÇISINDAN RETROSPEKTİF OLARAK DEĞERLENDİRMESİ. Zonguldak Karaelmas Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi Medi ForuM 2 1 1–11.
IEEE H. Küçük, G. Dilsiz, N. Demircan, E. Aktunç, A. Demir Akça, ve F. Köktürk, “B 12 VİTAMİN DÜZEYİ EKSİKLİĞİ OLAN HASTALARLA NORMAL OLAN HASTALARIN KARDİYOVASKÜLER RİSK FAKTÖRLERİ AÇISINDAN RETROSPEKTİF OLARAK DEĞERLENDİRMESİ”, Zonguldak Karaelmas Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi Medi ForuM, c. 2, sy. 1, ss. 1–11, 2015.
ISNAD Küçük, HAMDİ vd. “B 12 VİTAMİN DÜZEYİ EKSİKLİĞİ OLAN HASTALARLA NORMAL OLAN HASTALARIN KARDİYOVASKÜLER RİSK FAKTÖRLERİ AÇISINDAN RETROSPEKTİF OLARAK DEĞERLENDİRMESİ”. Zonguldak Karaelmas Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi Medi ForuM 2/1 (Kasım 2015), 1-11.
JAMA Küçük H, Dilsiz G, Demircan N, Aktunç E, Demir Akça A, Köktürk F. B 12 VİTAMİN DÜZEYİ EKSİKLİĞİ OLAN HASTALARLA NORMAL OLAN HASTALARIN KARDİYOVASKÜLER RİSK FAKTÖRLERİ AÇISINDAN RETROSPEKTİF OLARAK DEĞERLENDİRMESİ. Zonguldak Karaelmas Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi Medi ForuM. 2015;2:1–11.
MLA Küçük, HAMDİ vd. “B 12 VİTAMİN DÜZEYİ EKSİKLİĞİ OLAN HASTALARLA NORMAL OLAN HASTALARIN KARDİYOVASKÜLER RİSK FAKTÖRLERİ AÇISINDAN RETROSPEKTİF OLARAK DEĞERLENDİRMESİ”. Zonguldak Karaelmas Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi Medi ForuM, c. 2, sy. 1, 2015, ss. 1-11.
Vancouver Küçük H, Dilsiz G, Demircan N, Aktunç E, Demir Akça A, Köktürk F. B 12 VİTAMİN DÜZEYİ EKSİKLİĞİ OLAN HASTALARLA NORMAL OLAN HASTALARIN KARDİYOVASKÜLER RİSK FAKTÖRLERİ AÇISINDAN RETROSPEKTİF OLARAK DEĞERLENDİRMESİ. Zonguldak Karaelmas Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi Medi ForuM. 2015;2(1):1-11.