Evlilik Öncesi Dönemdeki Çiftlerde Kadına İlişkin Namus Anlayışı ve Şiddet Eğilimi Arasındaki İlişki: Cinsiyetler Açısından Karşılaştırılmalı Bir Çalışma

Öz

Amaç: Bu araştırma, evlilik öncesi dönemdeki çiftlerde kadına ilişkin namus anlayışı ve şiddet eğilimi arasındaki ilişkiyi cinsiyetler açısından karşılaştırmak amacıyla yapıldı. Materyal ve Metot: Kesitsel ve karşılaştırmalı nitelikte tasarlanan bu araştırmanın örneklemini, Türkiye’nin doğusunda bulunan bir toplum sağlığı merkezine nikâh işlemleri için başvuran 215 (Kadın=119, Erkek=96) kişi oluşturdu. Veriler; “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, “Kadına İlişkin Namus Anlayışı Tutum Ölçeği (KİNATÖ)” ve “Şiddet Eğilim Ölçeği” ile toplandı. İstatistiksel değerlendirmede; ortalama, standart sapma, yüzdelik dağılım, Cronbach alfa ve pearson korelasyon analizi kullanıldı. Bulgular: KİNATÖ toplam puan ortalamasının evlilik öncesi dönemdeki kadınlarda 54,15±15,89, erkeklerde ise 62,31±13,85 olduğu ve her iki cinsiyetin namus anlayışı açısından kararsız ve geleneksel tutuma sahip oldukları belirlendi. Evlilik öncesi dönemdeki erkeklerin KİNATÖ toplam ve tüm alt boyutlar ile şiddet eğilim ölçeği toplam puan ortalamalarının kadınlara oranla anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek olduğu saptandı (p<0,05). Ayrıca, evlilik öncesi dönemde bulunan kadın ve erkeklerin KİNATÖ ve Şiddet Eğilim Ölçeği toplam puan ortalamaları arasında negatif yönde zayıf düzeyde anlamlı ilişki olduğu ve kadına ilişkin namus anlayışı açısından eşitlikçi tutuma sahip olma düzeyleri arttıkça şiddet eğilim düzeylerinin azaldığı saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Evlilik öncesi dönemdeki erkeklerde daha yüksek şiddet eğilimi olduğu ve her iki cinsiyette kadına ilişkin namus anlayışı açısından eşitlikçi tutuma sahip olma düzeyi arttıkça şiddet eğiliminin azaldığı saptanmıştır.

The Relationship Between Sense of Honor and Tendency to Violence in Premarital Couples: A Comparative Study in Terms of Gender

Abstract

Aim: This research was conducted to compare the relationship between the sense of honor towards women and the tendency to violence in premarital couples in terms of genders. Material and Method: The sample of this cross-sectional and comparative study consisted of 215 (Female=119, Male=96) people who applied to a public health center in eastern Turkey for their wedding ceremony. Data; The Personal Information Form was collected with the “Honor Concept Perception Toward Women Scale” (KINATO) and the “The Violence Tendency Scale” (VTS). In statistical evaluation; mean, standard deviation, percentile distribution, Cronbach’s alpha and pearson correlation analysis were used. Results: It was determined that the total mean score of KINATO was 54.15±15.89 in premarital women and 62.31±13.85 in men, and both genders had an undecided and traditional attitude in terms of honor. It was determined that the total point average and all sub-dimensions of KINATO and the VTS of the men in the premarital period were significantly higher than those of the women (p<0.05). In addition, it was determined that there was a negative and weakly significant relationship between the total point average of the KINATO and VTS of women and men in the premarital period, and the level of violence tendency decreased as the level of having an egalitarian attitude towards women in terms of sense of honor increased. Conclusion: It has been determined that there is a higher tendency to violence in men in the premarital period and that the tendency to violence decreases as the level of egalitarian attitude towards women increases in both genders.

Keywords

• Premarital period
• sense of honor
• violence tendency

Kaynakça

1. 1. Gürsoy E. Attitudes of senior university students regarding "honor" perception of women (Ankara Sample). Ph.D. thesis, Marmara University. İstanbul, 2009.
2. 2. Dadashzadeh R. A study on the perception of university studentsof women's honor. Ph.D. thesis, 19 Mayıs University. Sansun, 2016.
3. 3. Şanlı B. Attitudes of first and last year university students regarding the concept of honor towards women (Mersin University Sample). Master's thesis, Mersin University. Mersin, 2017.
4. 4. Işık R, Uğurlu SN. Developing the scales of attitudes towards honor and violence against women in the name of honor with a student sample. Turkish Psychology Articles. 2009; 12: 16-24.
5. 5. World Health Organization (WHO):World report on violence and health. 2002,1211 Geneva27,Switzerlandhttps://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/violence/world_report/en/summary_en.pdf access date 05.03.2022
6. 6. Kılıçarslan S, Parmaksız İ. Violence in couple relationships: Relational factors, family of origin experiences and coping strategies. JOQRE. 2020, 8: 920-49.
7. 7. Bulut M, Aslan R, Arslantaş HA. Social fact that should not be accepted: Intimate partner violence. Sakarya Med. J. 2020, 10(2):334-47.
8. 8. World Health Organization (WHO): WHO multi-country study on women's health and domestic violence against women:initial results on prevalence, health outcomes and women's responses, 2005. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/43309 access date 05.03.2022

9. 9. Does marriage license prevent violence against women? Beykoz Press Release. 2021, https://www.beykoz.edu.tr/content/editor/61b1b4f2cd492_beykozuniversitesievlilikehliyetibasinbulteni.pdf accesed date 05.03.2022
10. 10. Dean AG, Sullivan KM, Soe MM. OpenEpi: Open Source Epidemiologic Statistics for Public Health, Version. www.OpenEpi.com, updated 2013/04/06, accessed date 01.10.2021.
11. 11. Haskan Ö, Yıldırım İ. Development of violence tendency scale. Education and Science. 2012; 37:165-177.
12. 12. Gürsoy E, Arslan Özkan H. Turkish youth’s perception of sexuality/honor in relation to women. J Psy Nurs. 2014;5:149-59.
13. 13. Dökmen ZY. The Turkish Version of the Bern Sex Role Inventory. Crisis Journal. 199; 7: 27-40.
14. 14. Allroggen U. Gender mainstreaming in Germany. 1.nd edition. International Debate On Gender Mainstreaming, İstanbul, 2007;9-15.
15. 15. Acar Gündüz G. (2020). Honor concept of unıversıty students about women and the perspectıve of vıolence agaınst women on behalf of honor. Master's thesis, Beykent University. İstanbul, 2020.
16. 16. Cirhinlioğlu FG, Şenel AF. The relationships among honor perception attributed to women, values and sex roles. ASOS Journal. 2017;60:311- 24.
17. 17. Yağbasan M, Kolyiğit H. Honor - tradıtıon and vıolence perceptıon of unıversıty students (a fıeld research ın fırat unıversıty prıvate). ASOS Journal. 2016;4:1-18.
18. 18. Irmak Vural P, Körpe G. Attitudes of university students on woman-man understanding and approaches to women's honor. Life Skills Journal of Psychology. 2018;2:155-66.
19. 19. Sakallı Uğurlu N, Akbaş G. Honor and honor violence against women in honor cultures: Social psychological explanations. Turkish Psychological Articles. 2013;16:76-91.
20. 20. Vandello JA, Cohen D. Male honor and female fidelity: implicit cultural scripts that perpetuate domestic violence. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2003;84: 997-1010.
21. 21. Vandello JA, Cohen D. Culture, gender, and men's intimate partner violence. Soc.Pers.Psychol. Compass. 2008; 2:652-67.
22. 22. McLean CL, Crowder MK, Kemmelmeier M. To honor and obey: Perceptions and disclosure of sexual assault among honor ideology women. Aggress Behav. Published Online: May 15, 2018.
23. 23. Sever A, Yurdakul G. Culture of honor, culture of change: A feminist analysis of honor killings in Turkey. Violence against Women, 2001; 7: 964-98.
24. 24. Erenoğlu, R. (2008). Gazi University students' opinions on honor killings. Master's thesis, Gazi University. Ankara, 2020.
25. 25. Tahincioğlu, ANY The analysis of honor and honor killing in the context of sexualine qualities. Culture & Communication. 2010; 13:131-58.
26. 26. Sakalli-Uğurlu N, Glick P. Ambivalent sexism and attitudes toward women who engage in premarital sex in Turkey. J Sex Res. 2003; 40:296-302.
27. 27. Aktaş D, Külcü DP. The relationship between the gender roles of the with perception of honor conception regarding of women of nursing students. Turkiye Klinikleri J Med. Ethics. 2020;28:1-9
28. 28. Demirel G, Kaya N, Ertekin Pınar Ş, Değerli B, Gökmen E. University students’ attitudes toward sexism, honor, and violence against women. HSP. 2019; 6: 479-90.
29. 29. Er Güneri S, Şen S. The attitudes of the university students towards perception of honor attributed to women. STED. 2018; 27: 258-266.
30. 30. Ertekin Taştan L. The Relation Between Perception of Honor and Usage of Social Networks Among Undergraduate Students. Master's thesis, Inonu University. Malatya, 2021.
31. 31. Şahin E. Unıversıty students for women "honour" perceptıon. Master's thesis, Okan University. İstanbul, 2016.
32. 32. Tümer A, Baybuğa MS, Birgili F. Unıversıty students’ perceptıon of womenrelated honor. JACSD. 2017; 11: 25-43.
33. 33. Babacan Gümüş A, Şıpkın S, TunaA, Keskin G. The relationship between problematic internet use, violence trend and some demographic variables among university students.TAF Prev Med Bull. 2015; 14: 460-67.
34. 34. Karakaya E. Multi directional evaluation and investigation of students educated in vocational high schools concerning with inclination of violance attack and harmfull behavior. Master's thesis, Yeditepe University. İstanbul, 2008.
35. 35. Tuzgöl M. Investigation of aggression levels of high school students with different parental attitudes in terms of various variables. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal. 2020; 2: 39-48.
36. 36. İkiz FE. Sağlam A. Investigation of the relationship between secondary school students' violence tendency and level of engagement to school. Elementary Education Online. 2017;16: 1235-46.
37. 37. Köse Tosunöz İ, Öztunç G, Eskimez Z, Yeşil Demirci P. Determination of nursing students' tendency to violence. Cukurova Med J 2019;44:471-78.
38. 38. Kul Uçtu A, Karahan N. Analysis of the relation between gender roles, social gender perception of the health college students and their violence tendency.Journal of the Human and Social Sciences Researches. 2016; 5: 2882-905.
39. 39. Göldağ B. The level of violence disposition of students and their value perceptions. TÜBAV Science Journal. 2015; 8: 1-15.
40. 40. Özgür G, Yörükoğlu G, Arabacı LB. High school student’s perception of violence, level of tendency to violence and effective factors. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing. 2011; 2:53-60.
41. 41. Kodan Çetinkaya S. The examınatıon of the relatıonshıp between tendency of vıolence and gender roles attıtudes among the unıversıty students. NPD. 2013;1: 21-43.
42. 42. World Health Organization(WHO): Global status report on violence prevention, 2014. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241564793 accesed date 05.03.2022
43. 43. Şahin M. The internet addiction and aggression among university students. Dusunen Adam J Psychiatr Neurol Sci. 2014; 27:43-52.
44. 44. Oral EA, Binici SA, Büyükçelik D, Yazar ÖH. The violencein the family in crisis. Crisis Journal. 1997; 5: 115-21.
45. 45. Ulloa EC, Hammett JF.Temporal changes in intimate partner violence and relationship satisfaction. Journal of Family Violence. 2015;30: 1093-102.
46. 46. Bayar Ö, Haskan Avcı Ö, Koç M. Prediction of masculine gender role stress on college students. ÇÜSBED. 2018;27:70-83.
47. 47. Heitmeyer M, Hagan J. International handbook of violence research. 2005; USA: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
48. 48. Yirmibesoglu N, Ergun N. Property and personal crime in ıstanbul. Eur. Plan. Stud. 2007; 15: 339-55.
49. 49. Topalak Şİ, Yazıcı T. Music and art teacher candidates’ attıtudes directed to violence against women in the name of honor (KTU sample).UHBAB.2014;3:17-29.
50. 50. Kaya N, Turan N. Attitudes toward honor and violence against women for honor in the context of the concept of privacy: A study of students in the Faculty of Health Sciences. Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences. 2018; 54: 65-84.
51. 51. Calik KY, Demirbag CB, Bulut HK, Demirdag S. Academician’s attitudes towards honor. Procedia Soc. 2017; 237: 274-80.
52. 52. Şahinoğlu PS, Örs Y. Medical ethics and problems in women's health, In: Akın A, eds, Gender Health and Women.Ankara: Hacettepe University publications, 2003; 219- 27.
53. 53. Fincancı KŞ. (2003). Approach to violence against women in terms of forensic medicine. Violence Against Women and Medicine Symposium, 16-18 November 2003.Ankara, Turkey, 217-263.
54. 54. Şatıroğlu H. (2003). Behavior and education of professionals related to sexual harassment and rape. Violence Against Women and Medicine Symposium, 16-18 November 2003.Ankara, Turkey, 217-263.
55. 55. Erbaydar NP. (2008). Health consequences of violence against women and physician responsibility.1th Women's Health Congress, 20-22 March 2008. Ankara, Turkey, 105-108.