Türkiye Hastanelerinde Yoğun Bakım Hemşileri Arasında Sağlık Bakım ile İlgili Enfeksiyon Kontrol Önlemleri Hakkında Bilgi ve Farkındalık

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’deki hastanelerdeki yoğun bakım ünitesi (YBÜ) hemşirelerinin sağlık hizmetleri ile ilişkili enfeksiyon kontrol önlemleri konusundaki bilgi ve farkındalıklarını vaka vinyetleri kullanarak belirlemeyi amaçladık. Materyal ve Metot: Bu çalışmada kullanılan anket formu araştırmacılar tarafından ilgili literatür taranarak tasarlanmış ve hazırlanmıştır. Formun bilgilendirici kısmı demografik verilerden oluşmuştur. Soru kısmı ise olgu vinyetlerinin anlatımsal sorularını ve çoktan seçmeli maddeleri içeren beş ana bölümden oluşmuştur. Toplam 285 hemşireye e-posta adresleri üzerinden ulaşılmış ve ankete katılmayı kabul eden ICU hemşilerine anket bağlantısı gönderilmiştir. Bulgular: Toplam 285 hemşireden 149’u anketi tamamlayarak formu çevrimiçi olarak göndermiştir. ICU’lara başka başka bir sağlık kuruluşundan gönderilen hastaların MRSA, VNE ve karbapenemaz üreten enterobakteriler açısından taranması gerektiğini düşünen hemşirelerin sayısı sırasıyla 111 (%74.4), 118 (%79.1) ve 93 (%62.4)’tür. Ellerin alkol bazlı el dezenfektanı ile ve 20-30 saniye boyunca ovulması gerektiğini düşünen hemşirelerin sayısı sırasıyla 90 (%60.4) ve 95’tir (%63.8). Clostridium difficile diarrhea bulunan hasta olması durumunda ellerin antimikrobiyel sabun ve su ile yıkanmasıyla el hijyeni sağlanması gerektiği şeklinde cevap veren hemşirelerin sayısı 26’dır (%17.4). Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sonuçları ICU hemşireleri arasında HCAI bilgi ve farkındalığının istenen düzeyde olmadığını göstermiştir. Bulgularımız ICU’larda HCAI kontrolünün farkındalığını artırmak amacıyla özellikle el hijyeni konusundaki eğitim ihtiyacını vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yoğun bakım ünitesi
• sağlık bakım edinilmiş enfeksiyon
• el hijyeni
• izolasyon
• hemşire
• anket

Knowledge and Awareness of Health Care Associated Infection Control Measures Among Intensive Care Unit Nurses in Hospitals, Turkey

Abstract

Aim: In this study, we aimed to determine knowledge and awareness of health care associated infection control measures among intensive care unit (ICU) nurses in Turkish hospitals using case-vignettes. Material and Methods: The questionnaire form used in this study was designed and prepared by the researchers by screening the relevant literature. Informative part of the form consisted of demographic data. The question part included 5 main sections with narrative questions of case vignettes and multiple-choice items related to the vignettes. A total of 285 nurses were accessed through e-mail addresses; the survey link was then sent to the ICU nurses who accepted participation in the questionnaire. Results: A total of 149 out of 285 nurses completed the questionnaire and sent filled the form online. The number of the nurses who consider screening of patients admitted to the ICUs from another health care institutions in terms of MRSA, VRE and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae was 111 (74.4%), 118 (79.1%) and 93 (62.4%), respectively. The number of the nurses who thought that the hands should be rubbed with alcohol-based hand sanitizer and for 20-30 seconds was 90 (60.4%) and 95 (63.8%), respectively. In case of patients with Clostridium difficile diarrhea, the number of nurses gave the answer as the hand hygiene must be provided by washing hands with antimicrobial soap and water was twenty-six (17.4%) Conclusion: The result of this study indicated that knowledge and awareness of HCAIs among ICUs nurses were not at a desired level. Our results highlight the need for education and training especially on hand hygiene to raise awareness of control of HCAIs in ICUs.

Keywords

• Intensive care unit
• health care acquired infection
• hand hygiene
• isolation
• nurse
• questionnaire

Kaynakça

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