Are Individuals Aware of the Role of Facial Exercises in Facial Rejuvenation: A Survey Study

Abstract

Introduction There is evidence that exercises that work the facial and neck muscles that create facial expressions and facilitate lymph circulation with their movements are effective in facial rejuvenation and keeping facial youthfulness. This study aims to determine the awareness of facial aging and the methods affecting this process, especially facial exercises/facial yoga. Materials and Methods A 15-question survey was created to question awareness and preferences for facial aging, protecting facial youth and facial rejuvenation methods. The survey was shared online on social media apps. Statistical analyzes were performed. Results The majority of volunteers were female (85.1%), between 25-34 years of age (32%), university graduates (44%), with income equal to expenditure (77%), and healthcare workers (26%). Individuals were most disturbed by the changes around the eyes (34%). Most of the participants had heard of facial rejuvenation (82%) and facial exercises (86%) before, but very few (23%) had applied them. Conclusions It was determined that individuals were aware that facial exercises were effective in facial rejuvenation, but they did not apply them. Making a habit of facial exercises at a young age and adding them to other non-invasive methods can delay the aging of the face and the transition to some costly invasive procedure.

Keywords

• Face aging
• Facial rejuvenation
• Face yoga
• Facial exercise

Kaynakça

1. Dziechciaż M, Filip R. Biological psychological and social determinants of old age: bio-psycho-social aspects of human aging. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2014;21:835-8.
2. Alam M, Walter AJ, Geisler A, et al. Association of facial exercise with the appearance of aging. JAMA Dermatol. 2018;154:365-7.
3. Grondhuis SN, Jimmy A, Teague C, et al. Having difficulties reading the facial expression of older individuals? blame it on the facial muscles, not the wrinkles. Front Psychol. 2021;12:620768.
4. Louiselle AE, Niemiec S, Azeltine M, et al. Evaluation of skin care concerns and patient's perception of the effect of NanoSilk Cream on facial skin. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2022;21:1075-85.
5. Swift A, Liew S, Weinklr S, et al. The facial aging process from the “inside out”. Aesthet Surg J. 2021;41:1107-19.
6. Gold MH, Andriessen A, Goldberg DJ, et al. Pre-/postprocedure measures for minimally invasive, nonenergy aesthetic treatments: A survey. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2020;19:1587–92.
7. Borsel JV, De Vos MC, Bastiaansen K, et al. The effectiveness of facial exercises for facial rejuvenation: a systematic review. Aesthetic Surgery Journal. 2014;34:22–7.
8. De Vos MC, den Brande HV, Boone B, et al. Facial exercises for facial rejuvenation: A control group study. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2013;65:117-22.

9. Hou A, Cohen B, Haimovic A, et al. Microneedling: a comprehensive review. Derm Surg. 2017;43:321-39.
10. Dayan SH, Bacos JT, Ho TT, et al. Topical skin therapies in subjects undergoing full facial rejuvenation. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2019;18:798-805.
11. Pathak A, Mohan R, Rohrich RJ. Chemical peels: role of chemical peels in facial rejuvenation today. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2020;145:58.
12. Sanderson WC, Scherbov S. Choosing between the UN's alternative views of population aging. PLoS One. 2020;15:e0233602.
13. Mendelson BC, Wong CH. Anatomy of facial ageng. In: Standring S (ed). Gray’s Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice. 41st ed. London: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier. 2016;e47-51
14. Wysong A, Joseph T, Kim D, et al. Quantifying soft tissue loss in facial aging: a study in women using magnetic resonance imaging. Dermatol Surg. 2013;12:1895-902.
15. Dadkhahfar S, Gheisari M, Kalantari Y, et al. Motivations and characteristics of patients seeking minimally invasive cosmetic procedures in two Iranian dermatology centers: A cross-sectional study. Int J Womens Dermatol. 2021;18:737-42.
16. Marur T, Tuna Y, Demirci S. Facial anatomy. Clin Dermatol 2014;32:14-23.
17. Rohrich RJ, Pessa JE. The fat compartments of the face: anatomy and clinical implications for cosmetic surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2007;19:2219–27.
18. Hara Y, Hirao T, Iwai I. Facial expression under stiff stratum corneum leads to strain concentrations, followed by residual wrinkle formation. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2017;39:66-71.
19. Zhao Y, Feng B, Lee J, et al. A multi-layered model of human skin elucidates mechanisms of wrinkling in the forehead. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2020;105:103694
20. Devgan L, Singh P, Durairaj K. Minimally invasive facial cosmetic procedures. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2019;52:443-59.
21. Javo IM, Sorlie T. Psychosocial characteristics of young Norwegian women interested in liposuction, breast augmentation, rhinoplasty, and abdominoplasty: A popu- lation-based study. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2010;125:1536–43.
22. Sobanko JF, Taglienti AJ, Wilson AJ, et al . Motivations for seeking minimally invasive cosmetic procedures in an academic outpatient setting. Aesthet Surg J. 2015;35:1014–20.
23. Akane M, Kaori S, Naoyuki H. Short- and long-term effects of using a facial massage roller on facial skin blood flow and vascular reactivity. Complement Ther Med. 2018;41:271-6.
24. Fisher RA, Hoult AR, Tucker WS. A comparison of facial muscle activation for vocalists and instrumentalists. J Music Teacher Edu. 2020;30:53-64.
25. Seixas MR, Câmara CA. The smile arc: review and synthesis. Dental Press J Orthod. 2021;26:e21spe3.