Yetişkin Sağlıklı Bireylerde Algılanan Stres Ölçeği Ve Kalp Hızı Değişkenliği Arasındaki İlişki

Öz

Arkaplan: Bu çalışma, sağlıklı yetişkin bireylerde algılanan stres düzeyi ile kalp hızı değişkenliği (HRV) arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Yöntem: Bu prospektif ve kesitsel çalışma, 15 Aralık 2024-15 Şubat 2025 tarihleri arasında yürütülmüştür. Çalışmaya, 18-55 yaş aralığında, kronik hastalığı bulunmayan 80 sağlıklı yetişkin birey katıldı. Katılımcılara Algılanan Stres Ölçeği (PSS) uygulanmış, ardından HRV parametreleri ölçüldü. Stres İndeks, normal kalp atımları arasındaki aralıkların (NN aralıkları) standart sapması (SDNN) ile Poincaré grafiği indekslerinden SD1, SD2 ve SD2/SD1 oranı kaydedildi. Bulgular: PSS ile SD1 ve SDNN arasında iyi düzeyde negatif, SD2/SD1 oranı ile ise iyi düzeyde pozitif yönde anlamlı korelasyon saptandı (sırasıyla r = -0.446, r = -0.482, r = 0.401; p < 0.001). Ancak, SD2 parametresi için gruplar arasında anlamlı bir farklılık gözlemlenmedi. Algılanan stres düzeyine göre oluşturulan düşük stres ve yüksek stres grupları karşılaştırıldığında; SI, SD1, SD2/SD1 oranı, SDNN ve kalp hızı parametrelerinde gruplar arasında anlamlı farklılıklar bulundu (sırasıyla p=0.000, p=0.001, p=0.002, p=0.000, p=0.000). Ancak, SD2 parametresi açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı bir farklılık saptanmadı. Sonuç: Bu çalışma, sağlıklı bireylerde algılanan stres düzeyinin HRV parametreleriyle anlamlı düzeyde ilişkili olduğunu ve özellikle SD1, SDNN, SD2/SD1 oranı ve kalp hızı gibi göstergelerin stres düzeyine duyarlı olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Elde edilen bulgular, artan stres düzeyinin otonom sinir sistemi regülasyonunu, özellikle parasempatik aktiviteyi baskılayarak sempatik yanıtın baskın hale gelmesine neden olabileceğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• otonom sinir sistemi
• sağlıklı gönüllüler
• kalp hızı
• stres

The Relationship Between Perceived Stress Scale and Heart Rate Variability in Healthy Adults

Abstract

Aim: The purpose of this research is to investigate how perceived stress levels relate to heart rate variability (HRV) among healthy adults. Material and Methods: The study was conducted prospectively and cross-sectionally from December 15, 2024 to February 15, 2025. The study included 80 healthy adults aged 18-55 years without chronic diseases. Participants were administered the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), after which HRV parameters were measured. Along with the Stress Index (SI), the standard deviation of the time intervals between normal heartbeats (SDNN) and the Poincaré chart indices SD1, SD2 and the SD2/SD1 ratio were measured. Results: PSS was negatively correlated with SD1 and SDNN, and positively correlated with the SD2/SD1 ratio (r = -0.446, r = -0.482, and r = 0.401; p < 0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of SD2 parameter. There were significant differences between the low- and high-stress groups for SI, SD1, SD2/SD1 ratio, SDNN, and heart rate parameters (p<0.001, p=0.001, p=0.002, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, respectively). However, no significant difference was found between the groups in terms of SD2 parameter. Conclusion: This study revealed that perceived stress level was significantly associated with HRV parameters in healthy individuals and that especially SD1, SDNN, SD2/SD1 ratio and heart rate were sensitive to stress level. The findings suggest that increased stress level may suppress autonomic nervous system regulation, especially parasympathetic activity, and cause sympathetic response to become dominant.

Keywords

• Autonomic nervous systems
• Heart Rate Monitoring
• Psychological Stress Measurement

Kaynakça

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