Antipsychotic Drugs and Peripheral Edema: A Review

Öz

Antipsychotics have been used for many years in the treatment of various psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Dystonia, tardive dyskinesia, akathisia, sedation, weight gain, arrhythmia are some of the side effects of antipsychotics. Peripheral edema is another important side effect of antipsychotics. Peripheral edema, which can be defined as the presence of more fluid than normally required in the interstitial space, has been reported to be associated with both first-generation antipsychotics and second-generation antipsychotics. Supersensitivity and vasodilation, dose-response relationship, rate of dose escalation and allergic reaction models have been created to explain the possible mechanisms of this side effect. The differential diagnosis of this side effect, which impairs patient comfort, and determination of possible risk factors is important. These patients should be handled with a multidisciplinary approach and should not be late in the intervention. Patients and their relatives should be warned against this side effect.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Edema
• peripheral edema
• antipsychotic agents
• side effects

Antipsikotik İlaçlar ve Periferik Ödem: Bir Derleme

Öz

Antipsikotikler, şizofreni ve bipolar bozukluk gibi çeşitli psikiyatrik bozuklukların tedavisinde uzun yıllardır kullanılmaktadır. Distoni, tardif diskinezi, akatizi, sedasyon, kilo artışı, aritmi antipsikotiklerin bazı yan etkilerindendir. Periferik ödem antipsikotiklerin bir diğer önemli yan etkisidir. İnterstisyel alanda normalde bulunması gerekenden daha fazla sıvı bulunması olarak tanımlanabilecek periferik ödemin hem birinci kuşak antipsikotikler hem de ikinci kuşak antipsikotiklerle ilişkisi bildirilmiştir. Bu yan etkinin olası mekanizmalarını açıklamak için aşırı duyarlılık ve vazodilatasyon, doz-cevap ilişkisi, doz artırım hızı ve alerjik reaksiyon modelleri oluşturulmuştur. Hasta konforunu bozan bu yan etkinin ayırıcı tanısı ve olası risk faktörlerinin belirlenmesi önem arz etmektedir. Bu hastalar, multidisipliner bir yaklaşımla ele alınmalı ve müdahalede geç kalınmamalıdır. Hasta ve yakınlarının bu yan etkiye karşı uyarılması gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ödem
• periferik ödem
• antipsikotik ajanlar
• yan etki

Kaynakça

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