Investigation of Protective Effects of Apilarnil Against Lipopolysaccharide Induced Lung Injury in Rats

Abstract

Apilarnil is a bee product that has attracted attention due to its beneficial biological properties recently. This study aimed to investigate the effect of apilarnil (API) on endotoxin-induced lung injury. For the study, 64 adult male Sprague dawley rats were divided into eight groups; control, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 g / kg API treated groups by gavage for 10 days, 30 mg / kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administered intraperitoneally (single dose), LPS + 0.2, LPS + 0.4 and LPS + 0.8 g / kg API applied groups. In histopathological evaluation, hyperemia, intra-alveolar hemorrhage, cellular infiltration, and increased cellular abnormal proliferation were observed in the lung samples of the LPS group. It was found that the lung samples of LPS + 0,4 and LPS + 0,8 API groups decreased statistically significant compared to the LPS group. The number of TUNEL positive cells observed in both LPS and API treated groups showed a statistically significant decrease compared to the LPS group. In comet test, 0,8 API group was found to be reduced more in tail % DNA and tail length when LPS + API treated groups were compared with LPS group. In conclusion, the API applied to rats can prevent LPS-induced lung injury.

Keywords

• Apilarnil,LPS,TUNEL method,Comet test,rat

Kaynakça

1. 1 KAUKONEN, K M; BAILEY, M; SUZUKI, S, PILCHER, D; BELLOMO, R (2014), Mortality related to severe sepsis and septic shock among critically ill patients in Australia and New Zealand, 2000-2012, JAMA, 311(13), 1308-1316.
2. 2 GYAWALI, B; RAMAKRISHNA, K; DHAMOON, A S (2019), Sepsis: The evolution in definition, pathophysiology, and management, SAGE Open Med, 7, 2050312119835043.
3. 3 LEVY, M M; ARTIGAS, A; PHILLIPS, G S; RHODES, A; BEALE, R; OSBORN, T; VINCENT, J L; TOWNSEND, S; LEMESHOW, S; DELLINGER, R P (2012), Outcomes of the Surviving Sepsis Campaign in intensive care units in the USA and Europe: a prospective cohort study, Lancet Infect Dis, 12(12):919-24.
4. 4 POLAT, G; UGAN, R A; CADIRCI, E; HALICI, Z (2017), Sepsis and Septic Shock: Current Treatment Strategies and New Approaches, Eurasian J Med, 49(1):53-58.
5. 5 ADAM, N; KANDELMAN, S; MANTZ, J; CHRETIEN, F; SHARSHAR, T (2013), Sepsis-induced brain dysfunction, Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther, 11(2): 211-21.
6. 6 COHEN, J (2002), The immunopathogenesis of sepsis, Nature, 420: 885-91.
7. 7 NDUKA, O O; PARRILLO, J E (2009), The pathophysiology of septic shock, Crit Care Clin, 25, 677-702, vii.
8. 8 CINEL, I; OPAL, S M (2009), Molecular biology of inflammation and sepsis: a primer, Crit Care Med, 37: 291-304.

9. 9 POP-BEGAN, V, PAUNESCU, V, GRIGOREAN, V, POP-BEGAN, D; POPESCU, C (2014), Molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of sepsis, J Med Life, 7 Spec No, 2:38-41.
10. 10 ALTAN, O; YUCEL, B; ACIKGOZ, Z; SEREMET, C; KOSOGLU, M; TURGAN, N; OZGONUL, A M (2013), Apilarnil reduces fear and advances sexual development in male broilers but has no effect on growth, Br Poult Sci, 54:355-61.
11. 11 BOLATOVNA, K S; RUSTENOV, A; ELEQALIEVA, N; OMIRZAK, T; AKHANOV, U K (2015), Improving reproductive qualities of pigs using the drone brood homogenate, Biol Med (Aligarh), 7, BM-091-15.
12. 12 YÜCEL, B; AÇIKGÖZ, Z; BAYRAKTAR, H; SEREMET, Ç (2011), The effects of apilarnil (drone bee larvae) administration on growth performance and secondary sex characteristics of male broilers, J Anim Vet Adv, 10: 2263-2266.
13. 13 DOGANYIGIT, Z; KUP, F O; SILICI, S; DENIZ, K; YAKAN, B; ATAYOGLU, T (2013), Protective effects of propolis on female rats' histopathological, biochemical and genotoxic changes during LPS induced endotoxemia, Phytomedicine, 20: 632-9.
14. 14 HIRANO, Y; AZIZ, M; YANG, W L; WANG, Z; ZHOU, M; OCHANI, M; KHADER, A; WANG, P (2015), Neutralization of osteopontin attenuates neutrophil migration in sepsis-induced acute lung injury, Crit Care, 19:53.
15. 15 WILHELM, E A; JESSE, C R; ROMAN, S S; NOGUEIRA, C W; SAVEGNAGO, L (2009), Hepatoprotective effect of 3-alkynyl selenophene on acute liver injury induced by D-galactosamine and lipopolysaccharide, Exp Mol Pathol, 87: 20-6.
16. 16 MEDA, A; LAMIEN, C E; MILLOGO, J; ROMITO, M; NACOULMA, O G (2004), Therapeutic uses of honey and honeybee larvae in central Burkina Faso, J Ethnopharmacol, 95: 103-7.
17. 17 DEMIRALAY, R; GURSAN, N; ERDEM, H (2006), Regulation of sepsis-induced apoptosis of pulmonary cells by posttreatment of erdosteine and N-aceylcysteine, Toxicology, 228: 151-61.
18. 18 WANG, J; QIN, Y; MI, X (2016), The protective effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) on LPS-induced acute lung injury via TLR3-mediated IFNs, MAPK and NF-kappaB signaling pathways, Biomed Pharmacother, 79: 176-87.
19. 19 LIU, W A; PANG, G; WANG, S; SUN, A (2017), Protective effect of ulinastatin on severe pulmonary infection under immunosuppression and its molecular mechanism, EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE, 14:3583-3588.
20. 20 CAGLI, K; BAGCI, C; GULEC, M; CENGIZ, B; AKYOL, O; SARI, I; CAVDAR, S; PENCE, S; DINCKAN, H (2005), In vivo effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and apoptotic changes in rats, Ann Clin Lab Sci, 35:440-8.
21. 21 YULUG, E; TUREDI, S; YILDIRIM, O; YENILMEZ, E; ALIYAZICIOGLU, Y; DEMIR, S; OZER-YAMAN, S; MENTESE, A (2019), Biochemical and morphological evaluation of the effects of propolis on cisplatin induced kidney damage in rats, Biotech Histochem, 94:204-213.
22. 22 KAMIJO, T; SATO, S; KITAMURA, T (2001), Effect of cernitin pollen-extract on experimental nonbacterial prostatitis in rats, Prostate, 49:122-31.
23. 23 SINGH, N P; MCCOY, M T; TICE, R R; SCHNEIDER, E L (1988), A simple technique for quantitation of low levels of DNA damage in individual cells, Exp Cell Res, 175:184-91.
24. 24 FAIRBAIRN, D W; OLIVE, P L; O'NEILL, K L 81995), The comet assay: a comprehensive review, Mutat Res, 339: 37-59.
25. 25 TICE, R R; VASQUEZ, G (1998), Protocol for the application of the pH>13 alkaline sigle cell gel (SCG) assay to the detection of DNA damage in mammalian cells, ILS: The pH>13 Alkaline SCG Assay,Available from: http://cometassay.com/Tice%20and%20Vasques.pdf (Data of access)
26. 26 KLAUDE, M; ERIKSSON, S; NYGREN, J; AHNSTROM, G (1996), The comet assay: mechanisms and technical considerations, Mutat Res, 363: 89-96.
27. 27 HIROSE, H; SAKUMA, N; KAJI, N; SUHARA, T; SEKIJIMA, M; NOJIMA, T; MIYAKOSHI, J (2006), Phosphorylation and gene expression of p53 are not affected in human cells exposed to 2.1425 GHz band CW or W-CDMA modulated radiation allocated to mobile radio base stations, Bioelectromagnetics, 27: 494-504.
28. 28 CAPUCHO, C; SETTE, R; DE SOUZA PREDES, F; DE CASTRO MONTEIRO, J; PIGOSO, A A; BARBIERI, R; DOLDER, M A; SEVERI-AGUIAR, G D (2012). Green Brazilian propolis effects on sperm count and epididymis morphology and oxidative stress, Food Chem Toxicol, 50: 3956-62.
29. 29 RIZK, S M; ZAKI, H F; MINA, M A (2014), Propolis attenuates doxorubicin-induced testicular toxicity in rats, Food Chem Toxicol, 67: 176-86.
30. 30 DOGANYIGIT, Z; SILICI, S; DEMIRTAS, A; KAYA, E; KAYMAK, E (2019), Determination of histological, immunohistochemical and biochemical effects of acute and chronic grayanotoxin III administration in different doses in rats, Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 26: 1323-1335.