Ildır Körfezi (Ege Denizi, Türkiye) Akuakültür Ağlarında Midyelerle İlişkili FoulingTopluluklarındaki Amfipod Çeşitliliği

Öz

Bu çalışma, Ege Denizi’nde, Ildır Körfezi’nde yer alan üç ticari balık çiftliğinin akuakültür ağlarında Mytilus galloprovincialis ile ilişkili fouling amfipod topluluklarının çeşitliliğini ve ekolojik özelliklerini araştırmaktadır. Toplamda dört familyaya ait sekiz amfipod türü teşhis edilmiştir. Bu türler arasındaCaprellidae familyasından (Caprella dilatata, Caprella equilibra ve Caprella scaura), Ischyroceridae familyasından (Ericthonius argenteus, Ericthonius brasiliensis ve Jassa marmorata), Maeridae familyasından (Elasmopus rapax) ve Photidae familyasından (Gammaropsis maculata) temsilciler yer almaktadır. Kaydedilen türlerin birçoğu kriptik (C. scaura, E. brasiliensis, E. rapax ve G. maculata) veya yabancı köken (C. scaura) türlerdir. Türlerin bir kısmının yapay substratlara eğilim göstermesi, bu biofouling izleme ve biyoçeşitlilik değerlendirmeleri açısından önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Akdeniz genelindeki önceki çalışmalarla yapılan karşılaştırmalar, birçok taksonun akuakültür alanlarında baskınlığını doğrularken, E. argenteus ve E. brasiliensis’in tespiti bölgesel özgünlüğe işaret etmektedir. Dikkat çekici olarak, aynı bölgede sediman habitatlarından daha önce kaydedilen amfipodlar ile fouling topluluklarında yaşayan türler arasında hiçbir örtüşme gözlenmemiştir. Bu durum, topluluk yapısında güçlü substrat temelli farklılaşmayı ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışma, amfipod dağılım desenlerini anlamada çoklu habitat örneklemesinin ekolojik önemini vurgulamakta ve akuakültür altyapılarının amfipod kolonizasyonunu kolaylaştırıcı rolüne dikkat çekmektedir. Bu bulgular, Akdeniz’de fouling ekolojisine dair genişleyen bilgi birikimine katkı sağlamakta ve akuakültür sistemlerinde biyokirlenmenin gelecekteki yönetimi için bir temel oluşturmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biyofouling
• akuakültür
• kriptik
• Ildır Körezi
• biyoçeşitlilik

Amphipod Diversity in Mussel-Associated Fouling Communities of Aquaculture Nets in Ildır Bay (Aegean Sea, Türkiye)

Öz

This study investigates the diversity and ecological characteristics of fouling amphipod communities associated with Mytilus galloprovincialis on the aquaculture nets of three commercial fish farms in Ildır Bay, located in the Aegean Sea, Türkiye. A total of eight amphipod species, belonging to four families, were identified. These species include representatives from the Caprellidae family (Caprella dilatata, Caprella equilibra, and Caprella scaura), Ischyroceridae family (Ericthonius argenteus, Ericthonius brasiliensis, and Jassa marmorata), Maeridae family (Elasmopus rapax), and Photidae family (Gammaropsis maculata). Many recorded species are cryptic (C. scaura, E. brasiliensis, E. rapax, and G. maculata) or non-indigenous (C. scaura). Several of these species show affinities for artificial substrates, underscoring their relevance for biofouling monitoring and biodiversity assessments. Comparative analysis with previous Mediterranean-wide studies confirmed the dominance of several taxa across aquaculture sites, while the detection of E. argenteus and E. brasiliensis suggests regional uniqueness. Notably, no overlap was observed between amphipods inhabiting fouling assemblages and those previously recorded from sediment habitats in the same area, underscoring strong substrate-driven differentiation in community structure. The study emphasizes the ecological importance of multi-habitat sampling for understanding amphipod distribution patterns and highlights the role of aquaculture infrastructure as a facilitator of amphipod colonization. These findings contribute to the expanding knowledge of Mediterranean fouling ecology and establish a baseline for future management of biofouling in aquaculture systems.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biofouling
• aquaculture
• cryptic
• Ildır Bay

Kaynakça

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