Analysis of Competitiveness in the Stone Fruit Exports: The Case of Uzbekistan

Öz

The agricultural sector has a very important place in the economy of Uzbekistan and constitutes one of the important sources of income for the people. In addition, it provides a significant amount of foreign exchange to the country through exports. For this reason, the agricultural sector is accepted as the backbone of the country's economy. Recently, a significant increase has been observed in exporting agricultural products, especially fruit crops. In the study, the comparative advantage of Uzbekistan in exporting stone fruits such as apricots, cherries, plums and peaches was analysed using the Revealed Comparative Advantages index. This study covers 2000-2020 and the data was obtained from the Food and Agriculture Organization and UN Comtrade database. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that Uzbekistan has a strong comparative advantage in the export of stone fruits. In order to increase international competitiveness, more importance should be given to diversifying exports on a country basis and increasing product quality.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Comparative advantage
• Fruit exports
• Uzbekistan

Sert Çekirdekli Meyve İhracatında Rekabet Gücünün Analizi: Özbekistan Örneği

Öz

Tarım sektörü, Özbekistan ekonomisinde çok önemli bir yer tutmakta, halkın önemli geçim kaynaklarından birisini oluşturmaktadır. Ayrıca, ihracat yoluyla ülkeye önemli miktarda döviz sağlamaktadır. Dolayısı ile tarım sektörü, ülke ekonomisinin belkemiği olarak kabul edilmektedir. Son dönemlerde başta meyve mahsulleri olmak üzere tarım ürünleri ihracatında önemli bir artış görülmektedir. Çalışmada, Özbekistan’ın sert çekirdekli meyve (kayısı, kiraz, erik ve şeftali) ihracatındaki karşılaştırmalı üstünlüğü Açıklanmış Karşılaştırmalı Üstünlükler indeksi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bu çalışma 2000-2020 dönemini kapsamakta olup veriler BM Tarım ve Gıda Örgütü ile BM Comtrade veri tabanından elde edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda Özbekistan’ın sert çekirdekli meyvelerin ihracatında güçlü bir karşılaştırmalı üstünlüğe sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Uluslararası rekabet gücünün artırılması için ihracatın ülke bazında çeşitlendirilmesi ve ürün kalitesinin artırılmasına daha fazla önem verilmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• karşılaştırmalı üstünlük,
• meyve ihracatı
• ÖZbekistan
• Comparative advantage
• Fruit exports
• Uzbekistan

Kaynakça

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