Weed Control by Electromagnetic Radiation

Öz

In recent years, the increasing environmental and health problems as a result of intensive pesticide use, the importance of the alternative methods for chemical control in agriculture are also
increased. Since all over the world the most widely used pesticide group constituted of herbicides, the value of alternative weed control managements is increased one more fold. One of
these alternative applications is using the electromagnetic waves for weed control. While some of these applications are put into practice in both field crops, fruit and vineyard and also nonagriculture areas, some of them are still in the research phase. Electromagnetic waves which are subject of the research and practice in weed control are investigated in six groups. Separated by wave size and frequency of these rays are as follow: UHF, microwave, infrared, ultraviolet, gamma and laser. Knowledge about the studies, mode of actions, applications in practice and obtained results about this topic that on continued researches has been reviewed in this article and it is aimed to be source for researchers and future studies that are also new for our country

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Alternative management
• laser
• microwave
• UHF
• weeds

Elektromanyetik Işınlarla Yabancı Ot Kontrolü

Öz

Yoğun pestisit kullanımının bir sonucu olarak son yıllarda artan çevre ve sağlık sorunlarıyla birlikte, tarımda kimyasal mücadeleye alternatif yöntemlerin de önemi artmıştır. Tüm dünyada en
fazla kullanılan pestisit grubunu herbisitlerin oluşturması, yabancı otlara karşı alınacak alternatif önlemlerin değerini bir kat daha artırmaktadır. Bu alternatif uygulamalardan biri de elektromanyetik ışınların yabancı ot mücadelesi amacıyla kullanılmasıdır. Gerek tarla tarımında, gerekse tarımsal üretimin önemli bir bileşeni olan meyvecilik ve bağ alanlarında ve gerekse tarım dışı alanlarda bu uygulamalardan bir bölümü pratiğe aktarılmışken, bir bölümü henüz araştırma safhasındadır. Yabancı ot kontrolünde araştırma ve uygulamaya konu olan elektromanyetik ışınlar altı grupta incelenmektedir. Dalga boyu ve frekanslarıyla birbirinden ayrılan bu ışınlar; UHF, mikrodalga, kızılötesi, morötesi, gama ve lazer ışınlarıdır. Üzerinde araştırmaların devam ettiği bu konu hakkında yapılan çalışmalar, etki mekanizmaları, sahadaki uygulamalar ve elde edilen sonuçlara ait bilgiler derlenerek, ülkemiz için de yeni olan bu konuda yapılacak çalışmalara ve araştırıcılara kaynak olması amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Alternatif mücadele
• lazer
• mikrodalga
• UHF
• yabancı ot

Kaynakça

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