National and Global Perspectives on Problems in Banana Cultivation and Distribution

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 10 Sayı: Özel Sayı, 124 - 130, 28.07.2023

Filiz Baysal , Cengiz Türkay

https://doi.org/10.51532/meyve.1193959

Bu makale için 28 Temmuz 2023 tarihinde bir düzeltme yayımlandı. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/meyve/issue/79131/1389429

Öz

Banana is one of the most consumed fruits in the world. In our country, as of 2021, 883.455 tons of production was made in an area of 122,864 da. In the world, 230,294 hg/ha was produced in a total area of 520,3512 ha. When the problems experienced in banana cultivation and marketing in the world are examined; monoculture and the resulting soil pollution, competition between commercial companies and supermarkets, unfair trade and labor use, Panama disease and commercial losses. In our country, low temperature is one of the problems experienced in banana cultivation, while the low yield of domestic bananas, the lack of new varieties that can compete with imported bananas, the lack of seedlings free from diseases, the sharing of information and materials with other producer countries are the application problems of the classical breeding method. Despite all the researches carried out in the world and in Turkey, there are still problems in the cultivation and breeding of bananas. In this study, information about the problems and solution proposals related to banana cultivation was compiled by scanning the literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Musa, in vitro propagation, panama disease, shelf life, breeding.

Muz Yetiştiriciliğinde ve Dağıtımında Yaşanan Sıkıntılara Ülkesel ve Küresel Bakış

Bu makale için 28 Temmuz 2023 tarihinde bir düzeltme yayımlandı. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/meyve/issue/79131/1389429

Öz

Muz, dünyada en çok tüketilen meyvelerden biridir. Ülkemizde, 2021 yılı itibari ile 122.864 da alanda 883.455 ton, dünyada ise toplam 520.3512 ha alanda 230.294 hg/ha üretim yapılmıştır. Dünyada muz yetiştiriciliğinde ve pazarlamasında yaşanan sıkıntılar incelendiğinde; mono kültür ve bundan kaynaklı toprak kirliliği, ticari şirketler ve süper marketler arası yarış, adil olmayan ticaret ve işgücü kullanımı, Panama hastalığı ve ticari kayıplar sıralanabilir. Ülkemizde ise muz yetiştiriciliğinde yaşanan sıkıntıların başında düşük sıcaklık yer alırken, sırasıyla yerli muzların veriminin düşük olması, ithal muzlarla yarışabilecek yeni çeşitlerin eksikliği, hastalıklardan ari fide yetersizliği, diğer üretici ülkelerle bilgi ve materyal paylaşımı, klasik ıslah yönteminin uygulama problemleridir. Dünya ve Türkiye’de yapılan tüm araştırmalara rağmen muz yetiştiriciliği ve ıslahında halen daha sorunlar devam etmektedir. Bu çalışmada muz yetiştiriciliği ile ilgili sorunlara ve çözüm önerilerine dair bilgiler literatürler taranarak derlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Musa, in vitro çoğaltım, Panama hastalığı, raf ömrü, ıslah

Kaynakça

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