Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder: Symptoms, Differential Diagnosis, and Recent Discussions

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 55, 17 - 35, 26.12.2025

Nevin Yılmaz Çifteci

Öz

Social communication is an essential aspect of human life. Social communication skill is a complex skill includes understanding one's own environment, using verbal/nonverbal language appropriately in line with inferences made from situations, monitoring oneself during communication, making necessary arrangements and predictions about the consequences of behaviors, creating appropriate responses to other’s behaviors, maintaining and terminating communicative behaviours when necessary. Social cognition, social interaction, language processing and pragmatic skills are the components of social communication. Social pragmatic communication disorder (SPCD) is a disorder characterized by difficulties in the use of language for social purposes and has recently been considered as an independent diagnosis. The aim of this study is to present a literature review on the disorder’s nature within the framework of social communication elements. In line with this purpose, a literature review was conducted on the diagnosis, symptoms, differential diagnosis including similarities/differences with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and developmental language disorder, assessment and intervention processes and current discussions. There is no consensus between researchers on whether SPCD should be considered as an independent diagnosis. Considering its similarities with some other disorders, especially ASD, some researchers argue that SPCD should be placed on the spectrum. It is reported that assessment tools are limited, and social communication skills are highly variable among cultures and context which make diagnosis difficult. Considering the lack of separate intervention programs with proven effectiveness and the similarity of current interventions to ASD interventions, it can be emphasized that more study findings are needed related to SPCD.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Social communication , pragmatic , communication disorder , language , neurodevelopmental disorder

Etik Beyan

The study was conducted in accordance with the Research Ethics Regulation. Ethics committee approval was not required.

Destekleyen Kurum

None.

Proje Numarası

None.

Teşekkür

None.

Sosyal (Pragmatik) İletişim Bozukluğu: Semptomlar, Ayırıcı Tanı ve Güncel Tartışmalar

Öz

Sosyal iletişim, insan hayatının vazgeçilmez bir unsurudur. Sosyal iletişim becerisi, kişilerin kendi çevrelerinde neler olup bittiğini anlayabilmesi, durumlardan yapılan çıkarımları doğrultusunda sözlü ve/veya sözsüz dilin uygun şekilde kullanılması, iletişimsel davranışlar sergilerken kendini izleyebilmesi, gerekli düzenlemeleri yapabilmesi, bu davranışların neticelerine dair öngörüde bulunabilmesi, diğer kişilerin davranışlarına uygun karşılıklar oluşturabilmesi, bu davranışları sürdürebilmesi, gerektiğinde sonlandırabilmesi gibi becerileri kapsayan karmaşık bir beceridir. Sosyal biliş, sosyal etkileşim, dil işlemleme ve pragmatik beceriler sosyal iletişimin bileşenleri olarak kabul edilmektedir. Sosyal pragmatik iletişim bozukluğu (SPİB), dilin sosyal amaçlarla kullanımında yaşanan zorluklarla karakterize olan ve yakın zamanda ayrı bir tanı olarak ele alınan bir bozukluktur. Bu çalışmanın amacı, SPİB’nin sosyal iletişim unsurları çerçevesinde ele alınarak, bozukluğun doğasına ilişkin bir literatür derlemesinin sunulmasıdır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, SPİB’nin tanısı, semptomları, otizm spektrum bozukluğu ve gelişimsel dil bozukluğu ile benzer ve farklı yönleri dahilinde ayırt edici tanısı, değerlendirme ve müdahale süreçlerine ilişkin bir literatür taraması yapılmış; bozukluğa dair güncel tartışmalara yer verilmiştir. Literatürde SPİB’nin ayrı ve bağımsız bir tanı olarak ele alınıp alınmaması gerektiği üzerine bir uzlaşı bulunmamaktadır. Diğer bazı bozukluklarla, özellikle de otizm spektrum bozukluğu ile benzerlikleri değerlendirildiğinde SPİB’nin spektrumun bir noktasında yer alması gerektiği düşünülmektedir. Değerlendirme amacıyla kullanılabilecek araçların sınırlı olması ve pragmatik gibi becerilerin kültüre ve bağlama göre oldukça değişken olması tanı koymayı zorlaştırmaktadır. Etkililiği kanıtlanmış ayrı müdahale programlarının yeterli olmaması, halihazırdaki müdahalelerin otizm müdahalelerine benzerliği göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, SPİB olan vakalarla daha fazla çalışma bulgusuna ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sosyal iletişim , pragmatik , iletişim bozukluğu , dil , nörogelişimsel bozukluk

Etik Beyan

Çalışma Etik Yönetmeliği’ne uygun olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma Etik kurul izni gerekmemektedir.

Destekleyen Kurum

Bulunmamaktadır.

Proje Numarası

None.

Teşekkür

Bulunmamaktadır.

Kaynakça

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