Legal Analysis of the Mavi Marmara Incident and the Gaza Blockade

Öz

On 31 May 2010, the Israeli Navy unlawfully intervened in the Mavi Marmara, the flagship of the Freedom Flotilla, which was sailing on the high seas. The intervention was based on fears of terrorism and the existence of the blockade. However, the legitimacy of the naval blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip is debatable. The activists on the Mavi Marmara were mistreated, and as a result of these disproportionate actions, nine Turkish passengers lost their lives and many activists were injured. This incident provoked reactions in the international community, and numerous investigations and state reports attempted to shed light on the incident. The Mavi Marmara Incident fueled discussions on the legitimacy of the Gaza blockade and brought to the fore the legality of the principle of freedom of the high seas and the right of self-defense. Although approximately fifteen years have passed since the Mavi Marmara Incident, the Gaza blockade has broken out again and other humanitarian aid flotillas have become targets of the Israeli Defense Forces.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mavi Marmara Incident
• Gaza Blockade
• Ban on Condemning Civilians to Starvation
• Ban on Collective Punishment of Civilians
• Principle of Freedom of the High Seas
• Right of Self-Defense

Mavi Marmara Olayı ve Gazze Ablukasının Hukuki Analizi

Öz

31 Mayıs 2010 tarihinde, açık denizde seyrüsefer hâlindeki Özgürlük Filosu’nun amiral gemisi Mavi Marmara’ya, İsrail Donanması tarafından hukuka aykırı bir şekilde müdahale gerçekleştirilmiştir. Müdahalenin temeli terör endişesi ve ablukanın varlığıdır. Ancak Gazze Şeridi’ne uygulanmakta olan deniz ablukasının meşruluğu tartışmalıdır. Mavi Marmara Gemisi’nde bulunan aktivistlere kötü muamelelerde bulunulmuş, orantısız eylemler neticesinde dokuz Türk vatandaşı yolcu hayatını kaybetmiş ve çok sayıda aktivist yaralanmıştır. Bu olay, uluslararası kamuoyunda tepkilere sebep olmuş ve çok sayıda soruşturma ve devlet raporu ile olay aydınlatılmaya çalışmıştır. Mavi Marmara Olayı, Gazze ablukasının meşruiyetine ilişkin tartışmaları alevlendirmiş, açık denizlerin özgürlüğü ilkesi ile meşru müdafaa hakkının hukukiliği meselesini gündeme getirmiştir. Mavi Marmara Olayı’nın üzerinden yaklaşık on beş yıl geçmesine rağmen Gazze ablukası yeniden patlak vermiş ve başkaca insani yardım filoları, İsrail Savunma Kuvvetleri’nin hedefi hâline gelmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mavi Marmara Olayı
• Gazze Ablukası
• Sivil Halkın Açlığa Mahkûmiyeti Yasağı
• Sivil Halkın Kolektif Cezalandırılması Yasağı
• Açık Denizlerin Özgürlüğü İlkesi
• Meşru Müdafaa Hakkı

Teşekkür

Makale konumun seçiminde bana yol gösteren ve desteklerini esirgemeyen çok değerli Hocam Sayın Dr. Öğr. Üyesi Aslı Topukcu İduğ'a saygılarımı ve teşekkürlerimi sunarım.

Kaynakça

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