Evi Yeniden Tanımlamak: Tatar Kadınların Rusya'dan Kazakistan'a Göçünde Uyarlanabilir Ulusötesicilik

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 97 - 122, 30.09.2024

Mizuki Sakurama Nakamura

https://doi.org/10.69510/mipos.1515406

Öz

Bu çalışma, 2022 Rusya-Ukrayna savaşı sonrasında Kazakistan'ın Almatı şehrine göç eden Tatar kadınların deneyimlerini incelemektedir. 10 katılımcıyla yapılan derinlemesine görüşmeler aracılığıyla, bu kadınların yeni bağlamlarında toplumsal cinsiyet, etnisite, din ve göçmen statüsü kesişimlerini nasıl yönettikleri araştırılmaktadır. Çalışma, kimlik oluşumu ve topluluk inşası süreçlerini analiz etmek için ulusötesicilik, kesişimsellik ve İslami feminizmi birleştiren teorik bir çerçeve kullanmaktadır. Bulgular, katılımcıların "uyarlanabilir ulusötesicilik" ile meşgul olduklarını, Tatar miraslarıyla bağlantılarını yaratıcı bir şekilde sürdürürken Kazak toplumuna entegre olduklarını göstermektedir. Birçok kadın, göç sonrası İslami inançlarının derinleştiğini, çoğunlukla yerinden edilmenin zorluklarına bir yanıt olarak bildirmektedir. Araştırma, katılımcıların Tatarlar, Müslümanlar, Rusça konuşanlar ve Kazak toplumunun yeni üyeleri olarak çoklu, bazen çatışan kimliklerle nasıl başa çıktıklarını vurgulamaktadır. Dil, entegrasyonda kritik bir faktör olarak ortaya çıkmakta, Kazakça öğrenme çabaları daha geniş sosyal kabul için kapılar açmaktadır. Ekonomik entegrasyon önemli zorluklar sunmakta, birçok kadın yeni bağlamlarında profesyonel kimliklerini yeniden inşa etmektedir. Genel olarak, çalışma göç, ulusötesi kimlikler ve diaspora topluluklarında dini uygulamaların toplumsal cinsiyet boyutları hakkındaki anlayışımıza katkıda bulunmaktadır. Tatar kadınların geleneksel ulusal ve etnik sınırları aşan yeni aidiyet biçimleri oluşturmadaki failliğini ve direncini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tatar kadınları, göç, ulusötesicilik, kesişimsellik, Kazakistan

Redefining Home: Adaptive Transnationalism in the Migration of Tatar Women from Russia to Kazakhstan

Öz

This study explores the experiences of Tatar women who migrated to Almaty, Kazakhstan following Russia's invasion of Ukraine in 2022. Employing theoretical frameworks of transnationalism and intersectionality, we analyze these women's migration experiences, religious practices, and identity formation processes. Based on in-depth interviews with ten Tatar women migrants, the research reveals how they navigate multiple identities, maintain and transform transnational connections, and construct new forms of belonging in their host society. Our findings demonstrate that these women are not merely navigating between two worlds, but actively creating new, transnational ways of being. Their stories highlight how migrants creatively adapt to new environments, negotiate multiple identities, and form communities that transcend traditional national and ethnic boundaries. Drawing on these insights, we propose a new conceptual framework of "Adaptive Transnationalism," which captures the dynamic process through which migrants actively reshape their identities, practices, and social connections in response to new cultural contexts, while maintaining and transforming ties to their places of origin. This framework offers a fresh perspective on how migrants actively shape their experiences and identities across borders, providing a valuable tool for navigating the complexities of modern migration and fostering more inclusive and adaptive societies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tatar Women, Migration, Transnationalism, Intersectionality, Kazakhstan

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