Some Morphological and Chemical Characteristics of Sarsaparilla (Smilax aspera L., Smilax excelsa L.)

Abstract

Two sarsaparilla species Smilax aspera L. and Smilax excelsa L. show natural distribution in Hatay flora. In the study, besides some phenological and morphological characteristics, antioxidant capacity and fixed oil contents and components of Smilax species collected from different locations were determined. The highest 100 fruit weight with 37.69 g was obtained from the sample of S. aspera L. species collected from Yayladagi 2 location and the highest 100 seed weight with 24.47 g from Yayladagi 1 location. In terms of antioxidant capacity of the leaves and fruits, insignificant differences were observed among the species and locations. The antioxidant capacities of leaves ranged 62.28 to 64.57 mmol.Fe+2/kg while fruit antioxidant capacities ranged from 63.91 to 66.31 mmol. Fe+2/kg. The highest value of seed fixed oil with 11.42% was obtained from the S. aspera L. sample collected in Yayladağı 3 location. Major fatty acid component was found as vaccenic acid in general for all samples. The highest content of vaccenic acid found as 37.50% from S. aspera seed samples of Yayladagi 2 location. As a result, the leaves and berries of smilax species could be considered as a significant natural antioxidant source.

Keywords

• Smilax,antioxidant,fatty acids

Saparna (Smilax aspera L., Smilax excelsa L.) Türlerinin Bazı Morfolojik ve Kimyasal Özellikleri

Öz

İki sarsaparilla türü, Smilax aspera L. ve Smilax excelsa L., Hatay florasında doğal olarak yayılış göstermektedir. Çalışmada, farklı lokasyonlardan toplanan bu türlerin bazı fenolojik ve morfolojik özelliklerinin yanı sıra, antioksidan kapasiteleri ve sabit yağ içerikleri ile bileşenleri belirlenmiştir.

Çalışmada, en yüksek 100 meyve ağırlığı 37.69 g ile Yayladağı 2 lokasyonundan, en yüksek 100 çekirdek ağırlığı 24.47 ile Yayladagi 1 lokasyonundan toplanan S. aspera L. türüne ait örneklerde elde edilmiştir. Yaprak ve meyvelerin antioksidan kapasitesi açısından, tür ve lokasyonlar arasında istatistiki olarak önemli bir farklılık görülmemiştir. Yaprakların antioksidan kapasiteleri 62.28 ile 64.57 mmol.Fe+2/kg arasında değişirken meyvelerin antioksidan kapasiteleri 63.91 ile 66.31 mmol.Fe+2/kg arasında değişmiştir. En yüksek çekirdek sabit yağ oranı %11.42 ile Yayladağı 3 lokasyonundan toplanan S. aspera L. türünde elde edilmiştir. Genel olarak sabit yağın ana bileşeni vaccenic asit olmuştur. En yüksek vaccenic asit oranı %37.50 ile Yayaladağı 2 lokasyonundan toplanan S. aspera L. türüne ait çekirdek örneklerinde belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Smilax türlerinin yaprakları ve meyveleri önemli bir doğal antioksidan kaynağı olarak değerlendirilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Smilax,antioksidan,yağ asitleri

Kaynakça

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