Investigation on Viruses Causing Yellowing Disease in Pepper in Hatay-Turkey

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 1, 16 - 22, 30.06.2017

Gülşen Sertkaya Yücel Özdağ

Öz

Important
viruses mainly caused “pepper yellowing disease” in field-grown and
greenhouse-grown peppers, their hosts and vectors were investigated in Hatay
province of Turkey. Young
shoot, leaf and fruit samples taken from suspected pepper plants and weeds were
investigated by DAS-ELISA and biological indexing. Virus infections caused chlorosis or yellowing symptoms were
mostly observed in pepper growing areas of Iskenderun and Samandağ districts in
Hatay. PVY infection was determined as the most common in pepper growing areas
in Hatay (13.8%).  PVY (Potato virus Y) was followed by the CMV
(Cucumber mosaic virus) (5.5%),
respectively. Mixed infections
caused by double, triple and multiple viruses including CMV, BWYC (Beet western yellows virus),
PLRV (Potato leaf roll virus), PVX (Potato X virus), PVY, ToMV (Tomato
mosaic virus) and TSWV (Tomato
spotted wilt virus) were identified in pepper plants with low rates. Amaranthus retroflexus, Chenopodium quinoa,
Convolvulus arvensis, Malva sylvestris, Physalis angulata, Mercurialis
annua, Solanum nigrum, Sonchus oleraceus and Xhanthium strumarium were commonly found in pepper fields. A few
pepper plants were found to be infested by dodder (Cuscuta campestris) and Orobanche
ramosa. Portulaca
oleracea, Urtica dioica and Plantago
major were
observed in pepper grown under greenhouse conditions.
Orobanche
ramosa was also determined in two pepper greenhouses. Amaranthus retroflexus (28.5%), M. sylvestris (40.0%), S. nigrum (30.0%) and S.
oleraceus (33.3%) were found to be infected with AMV; A. retroflexus (40.0%), M. sylvestris
(57.1%), P. angulata (16.,6%)
and S. nigrum (50%) samples were
found to be infected with CMV, M. sylvestris
(20.0%), M. annua (41.6%)
and P. angulata (83.3%) samples were
found in PVY; TSWV was detected in P.
major (25.0%)  samples. Other viruses
such as Beet curly top virus (BCTV) or
begomoviruses and   phytoplasmas which were
not tested in this study were thought to be also causal agents of “pepper
yellowing disease” in pepper growing areas in Hatay-Turkey.

Anahtar Kelimeler

ELISA, greenhouse, pepper, yellows diesase, virus

Kaynakça

• Anonymous 2014. TUİK. Turkish Statistical Institute, http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=16022 Retrieved 2016.08.05.
• Anonymous 2016. T.C. Hatay Valiliği İl Gıda, Tarım Ve Hayvancılık Müdürlüğü Brifing Dosyası Ocak 2016. Retrieved 2016.08.05.
• Buzkan N, Arpacı BB, Simon V, Fakhfakh H, Moury B, 2013. High prevalence of poleroviruses in field-grown pepper in Turkey and Tunisia. Arch Virol. 158(4): 881-885.
• Clark MF and Adams AN, 1977. Charecteristic of microplatemethod of Enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay for detection of plant viruses. J. Gen. Virol., 34: 475-483.
• Edwardson JR and Christie RG, 1997. Viruses infecting peppers and other Solanaceous crops. Vol. 1. Monograph 18-1, University of Florida Agricultural Experimental Station, Florida.
• Ekbiç E, Abak K ve Yılmaz MA, 1997. A New PVY Pathotype Pepper Along Mediterranean Coastal Area of Turkey. Proc. 10th Cong. Medit. Phytopath. Union,
• Erkan S, 1991. Potato virus Y on pepper, in Turkey. Phytopathol. Mediterranean, 25: 149-150.
• FAO, 2013. FAOSTAT. faostat3.fao.org. Retrieved 2016.04.07.
• Gorsane F, Fakhfakh H, Tourneur C, Makni M and Marrakchi M, 1999. Some Biological and Molecular Properties of Pepper Veinal Mottle Virus Isolates Occurring in Tunisia. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter, 17: 149-158.
• Gebre-Selassie K, Marchoux, G, and Pochard E, 1983. Biological and serological characterization of Potato virus Y strains affecting peppers and other related strains. Capsicum Newsl. 2:134-136.
• Karavina C. Ximba S, Ibaba JD and Gubba A, 2016. First Report of a Mixed Infection of Potato virus Y and Tomato spotted wilt virus on Pepper (Capsicum annuum) in Zimbabwe. Plant Disease, 100 (7):1513.
• Palloix A, Abak K, Gognalons P, Daubeze AM, Guldur M, Memouchi G, Gebre-Selaissie K, 1994. Virus Diseases Infecting Pepper Crops in Turkey. Proceedings of 9th Congress of the Mediterranean Phytopathological Union, Kuşadası, Aydın: 469-472.
• Scholthof KB, Adkins S, Czosnek H, Palukaitis P, Jacquot E, Hohn T, Hohn B, Saunders K, Candresse T, Ahlquist P, Hemenway C and Foster GD, 2011. “Top 10 plant viruses in molecular plant pathology”. Mol Plant Pathol. 12(9): 938-54.
• Sertkaya G, 2004. Preliminary studies on the detection of phytoplasmas in cherry by micro scopy techniques. 5th International Cherry Symposium (5ICS).06-10 June 2005, Bursa-Turkey. Acta Horticulture 795: 933-937.
• Sertkaya G, 2008. Hatay biberi “Geyik Boynuzu” Kırmızı biber tiplerinde tohumla ve mekanik olarak taşınabilen bazı virüslerin araştırılması. VII. Sebze Tarımı Sempozyumu Bildiriler, (Yalova, 26-29 Ağustos 2008).
• Sertkaya G 2012. Hatay ili kırmızı biber alanlarında Domates mozaik virüsü (ToMV)' nün araştırılması. 9. Ulusal Sebze Tarımı Sempozyumu. 12-14 Eylül, Konya, 223-228.
• Sertkaya G., Sertkaya E and Daplan N, 2003. Black nightshade (Solanum nigrum L.) as a host of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in pepper crop in Hatay province of Turkey.
• Montpellier, 1-5 June 1997: 187-189. Proceedings of 7th. EWRS (European Weed Research Society) Mediterranean Symposium, 6-9 May, Adana-Turkey, 129-130.
• Sharma OP, Sharma PP, Chowfla SC, 1989. Inheritance and resistance to potato virus Y in garden pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Euphytica 42: 31-33.
• Soleimani P, Hosseini S, and Hosseini A, 2014. Distribution of some viral disease on pepper (Capsicum annuum) plants in Dezful fields from Iran. Bull. Env. Pharmacol, Life Sci., 3 (4):111-114.
• Tameru A, 2004. Characterisation of viruses of pepper (Capsicum spp.) and sweet potato (Ipomea batatas) from Etiopia. Bonn, Univ., Diss. Göttingen, ISBN 3-86537-048-9. Pp. 125.
• Thomas JE, Massalski PR and Harrison BD, 1986. Production of monoclonal antibodies to African cassava mosaic virus and differences in their reactivities with other whitefly-transmitted geminiviruses. Journal of General Virology 67: 2739-2748.
• Zitter TA and Florini D, 1984. Virus Diseases of Pepper. Vegetable MD Online, Vegetable Crops, Fact Sheet, Cornell University, New York State: 736.
• Erkan S, 1991. Potato virus Y on pepper, in Turkey. Phytopathol. Mediterranean, 25: 149-150.
• Ekbiç E, Abak K ve Yılmaz MA, 1997. A New PVY Pathotype Pepper Along Mediterranean Coastal Area of Turkey. Proc. 10th Cong. Medit. Phytopath. Union, Montpellier, 1-5 June 1997: 187-189.