Hybrid Nano-Composite Design for Nano-Architecture

The aim of this research is to create a comparison and correlation between the treatments in medicine in terms of “bone regeneration”, the treatments in architecture in terms of “nanolime consolidation effects on limestone” and the treatments of aerospace technology in terms of anti-icing nano-coatings techniques in order to prevent the effect of freeze-thaw cycles in CH buildings. The criteria to be discussed related to these issues will be the porosity and mass transport between the correlation of human bone and limestone, and anti-icing nano-coatings between the correlation of aerospace engineering techniques to adopt into preserving CH buildings against the freeze thaw cycles. The issue will be held in 2 main steps: 1ST Step: As reference to Faculty of Medicine: France; University of Orleans (Almhdie et al., 2014) on bone regeneration therapy: Absorption of compatible nano-chemicals (nano-silica Si02, HAP<200nm particle size, CaO, Ca(OH)2 nano-composite design) treatment to inner porous structure : limestone, in order to have mechanical strength and consolidation. 2ND Step : As reference to AIRBUS ICEPHOBIC Anti-icing Nano-Coatings Technology European Commission Project – Polytechnique Montreal Canada – Functional Coatings and Surface Engineering Laboratory (LaRFIS): Anti-icing icephobic nano-coatings of the porous structure (limestone) against the problem of freeze-thaw cycles and building material deterioration on cultural heritage buildings. (coatings made of silica nanoparticles). Expected result of the 1st step nano-treatment is to gain mechanical strength and consolidation effect inside the building material, regarding as the main treatment. Then, in the 2nd step, regarding as the after treatment therapy with the anti-icing nano-coatings, the expected result will be to prevent the CH buildings against their well-known problem of freeze thaw cycles, caused by the thermal effects and the temperature differences between day and night, and summer-winter, especially in the regions where the humidity and rain factor are the basic factors for deterioration, caused the ice formation and the cracks inside the building material structure. Research questions of this thesis; firstly, by using the techniques in medicine for “bone regeneration”; how to find a solution to the well-known two problems of the nanolime treatment in architecture ; reduced penetration and accumulation, whitened deposition. How to solve the problem of reduced penetration and accumulation in porous structures in order to increase the capability of their treatment efficiency? How to solve the problem of whitened deposition in nanolime? Secondly, by using the techniques in aerospace technology, used by AIRBUS, for “anti-icing nano-coatings technology”; how to find a solution to the well-known problem of freeze-thaw cycles and ice-formation inside the building structure, that finally cause and effects the building material deterioration. During the study, the discussion will be focus on the solutions for sustainability of nano-treatments in nano-architecture for future. The discussion points are; hybrid nano-composite design, “a simulation of bone regeneration in medicine”, in which ways and techniques? “HAP hydroxyapatite - SiO2 - Ca(OH)2” hybrid works well to solve the problem? Which hybrid nano-composite design could be the best solution? In which synthesis technique to form the hybrid nano-composites works better? Which criteria effects theefficiency? How to get a better penetration and consolidation in porous structures: “bone and limestone” ? How to avoid the back migration of nano-particles? The idea of this research has application to patent for Politecnico di Milano POLIMI IRIS: 05.1. Brevetto & Patent Application: 2018. NANOTECHNOLOGY IN ARCHITECTURAL RESTORATION: SCIENCE & INNOVATION: Hybrid Nano - Composite Design for Consolidation of the Porous Structures: Limestone & Bone “Transport Phenomena”, ID: hdl:11311/1065405