BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Seasonal variation of metabolic syndrome prevalence in bipolar disorder

Yıl 2012, , 51 - 57, 01.02.2012
https://doi.org/10.5455/jmood.20120516035748

Öz

Objective: Metabolic disturbances and diagnosis of metabolic syndrome are more prevalent in bipolar disorder patients than general population. The underlying biological pathway regarding this high rate of metabolic syndrome compared to general population in bipolar disorder is still unknown. The side effects of second generation antipsychotics causing weight gain and insulin resistance are considered as one of the main factors. However, this knowledge is not sufficient to understand the association between bipolar disorder and metabolic syndrome entirely. The aim of this study was to investigate the seasonal variation in prevalence of the metabolic syndrome criteria and diagnosis in type 1 bipolar disorder. Methods: With that purpose 69 clinically remitted type 1 bipolar disorder patients, who also met inclusion criteria for the study, were recruited. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed by using the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. Young Mania Rating Scale and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale with 17 items were used in clinical interview in each visit to assess mood. All patients were assessed in four visits during one year, with one visit per each season. To evaluate patients for metabolic syndrome criteria, blood sampling, blood pressure, and waist circumference measures were carried out. The data of 49 patients, who were evaluated in all four visits and met inclusion criteria in each visit, were analyzed. These data were used in investigation of the seasonal variation in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome criteria and metabolic syndrome diagnosis. Results: In the group of type 1 bipolar patients recruited to the study, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome diagnosis was 42.9%, 42.9%, 34.7% and 34.7% in winter, spring, summer, and autumn, respectively. Although metabolic syndrome diagnosis was more prevalent in winter and in spring, the difference was not statistically significant. Among the metabolic syndrome criteria, prevalence of low- HDL criterion, that was found lowest in spring, showed seasonal variation. Discussion: Although the results of this study do not support that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome diagnosis has a seasonal variation in type 1 bipolar patients, it shows that the prevalence of one of the metabolic syndrome criteria, low-HDL criterion, has seasonal variation among patients with bipolar disorder. Long term, large sample-sized follow-up studies are still required to investigate the seasonal variation in prevalence of metabolic syndrome criteria and metabolic syndrome diagnosis in bipolar disorder patients. Metabolic syndrome, which is more prevalent in individuals with major mental disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder than in general population, is an important health issue considering its association with cardiovascular diseases and high mortality and morbidity rates. Due to possible seasonal variation of metabolic disturbances, clinicians should monitor metabolic changes beside the mood changes in bipolar disorder patients.

Kaynakça

  • Meltzer HY, Davidson M, Glassman AH, Vieweg WV. Assessing cardiovascular risks versus clinical benefits of atypical antipsychotic drug treatment. J Clin Psychiatry 2002; 63: 25-29.
  • Gupta S, Steinmeyer C, Frank B, Madhusoodanan S, Lockwood K, Lentz B, Keller P. Hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia in real world patients on antipsychotic therapy. Am J Ther. 2003; 10: 348- 355.
  • Lindenmayer JP, Czobor P, Volavka J, Citrome L, Sheitman B, McEvoy JP, Cooper TB, Chakos M, Lieberman JA. Changes in glucose and cholesterol levels in patients with schizophrenia treated with typical or atypical antipsychotic. Am J Psychiatry 2003; 160: 290-296.
  • McIntyre RS, McCann SM, Kennedy SH. Antipsychotic metabolic effects: weight gain, diabetes mellitus, and lipid abnormalities. Can J Psychiatry 2001; 46: 273-281.
  • Enger C, Weatherby L, Reynolds RF, Glasser DB, Walker AM. Serious cardiovascular events and mortality among patients with schizophrenia. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2004; 192: 19-27.
  • Correll CU, Frederickson AM, Kane JM, Manu P. Metabolic syndrome and the risk of coronary heart disease in 367 patients treated with second-generation antipsychotics drugs. J Clin Psychiatry 2006; 67: 575-583.
  • Sicras A, Rejas J, Navarro R, Serrat J, Blanca M. Metabolic syndrome in bipolar disorder: a cross-sectional assessment of a Health Management Organization database. Bipolar Disord. 2008; 10: 607-616.
  • van Winkel R, De Hert M, Van Eyck D, Hanssens L, Wampers M, Scheen A, Peuskens J. Prevalence of diabetes and the metabolic syndrome in a sample of patients with bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 2008; 10: 342-348.
  • Teixeira PJR, Rocha FL. The prevalance of metabolic syndrome among psychiatric inpatients in Brazil. Rev Bras Psiquiatr. 2007; 29: 330-336.
  • Ockene IS, Chiriboga DE, Stanek 3rd EJ, Harmatz MG, Nicolosi R, Saperia G, Well AD, Freedson P, Merriam PA, Reed G, Ma Y, Matthews CE, Hebert JR. Seasonal variation in serum cholesterol levels: treatment implications and possible mechanisms. Arch Intern Med. 2004; 164: 863-870.
  • Altınbaş K, Özer A, Çakmak C, Kurt E, Oral ET. İki uçlu duygudurum bozukluğu ve lipit döngüselliği ilişkisi. Düşünen Adam Psikiyatri ve Nörolojik Bilimler Dergisi 2010; 23: 158-165.
  • Alberti G. IDF consensus on the Metabolic Syndrome: Definition and Treatment, presented at 1st International Congress on Prediabetes and the Metabolic Syndrome, Berlin, 2005:1-7. available on-line: http://www.idf.org/webdata/docs/MetS_def_update2006.pdf.
  • Enez Darçın A, Dilbaz N, Yalçın Çavuş S, Doğan E. Metabolic Syndrome in drug naive/free schizophrenic patients and their first degree relatives. Poster in 10th World Biological Psychiatry Congress 2011, Prague.
  • Yumru M, Savas HA, Kurt E, Kaya MC, Selek S, Savas E, Oral ET, Atagun I. Atypical antipsychotics related metabolic syndrome in bipolar patients. J Affect Disord. 2007; 98:247-252.
  • Yumru M, Savaş E, Gergerlioğlu HS, Başaral Kı, Kalenderoğlu A, Savaş HA, Büyükbaş S. İkiuçlu Bozuklukta Metabolik Sendrom, Serum Leptin Düzeyleri ve Tedavi İlişkisi Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni – Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology 2008; 18: 79-83.
  • Sanisoğlu SY, Öktenli C, Hasimi A, Yokusoglu M, Ugurlu M. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome–related disorders in a large adult population in Turkey. BMC Public Health 2006; 6:92.
  • Cardenas J, Frye MA, Marusak SL, Levander EM, Chirichigno JW, Lewis S, Nakelsky S, Hwang S, Mintz J, Altshuler LL. Modal subcomponents of metabolic disorder in patients with bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord. 2008; 106; 91-97.
  • Klipstein KG, Goldberg JF. Screening for bipolar disorder in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a pilot study. J Affect Disord. 2006; 91: 205-209.
  • Rasgon N. The relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome and antiepileptic drugs: a review of the evidence. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2004; 24: 322-334.
  • Watson S, Gallagher P, Ritchie JC, Ferrier B, Young AH. Hypothalamic-pituita- adrenal axis function in patients with bipolar disorder. Br J Psychiatry 2004; 184:496-502.
  • Yanovski JA, Yanovski SZ, Sovik KN, Nguyen TT, O’Neil PM, Sebring NG. A prospective study of holiday weight gain. N Engl J Med. 2000; 342: 861-867.
  • Alpe´rovitch A, Lacombe JM, Hanon O, Dartigues JF, Ritchie K, Ducimetie`re P, Tzourio C. Relationship between blood pressure and outdoor temperature in a large sample of elderly individuals: the Three-City study. Arch Intern Med. 2009; 169: 75-80.
  • Hayashi T, Ohshige K, Sawai A, Yamasue K, Tochikubo O. Seasonal influence on blood pressure in elderly normotensive subjects. Hypertens Res. 2008; 31: 569-574.
  • Liang WW. Seasonal changes in preprandial glucose, A1C, and blood pressure in diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 2007; 30: 2501- 2502.
  • Kamezaki F, Sonoda S, Tomotsune Y, Yunaka H, Otsuji Y. Seasonal variation in metabolic syndrome prevalence. Hypertension Research 2010; 33: 568-572.
  • Convertino VA, Greenleaf JE, Bernauer EM. Role of thermal and exercise factors in the mechanism of hypervolemia. J Appl Physiol. 1980; 48: 657-664.
  • Convertino VA, Brock PJ, Keil LC, Bemauer EM, Greenleaf JE. Exercise training– induced hypervolemia: role of plasma albumin, renin, and vasopressin. J Appl Physiol. 1980; 48: 665-669.
  • Convertino VA. Fluid shifts and hydration state: effects of long- term exercise. Can J Sport Sci. 1987; 12: 136S-139S.
  • Enquselassie F, Dobson A, Alexander H, Steele P. Seasons, temperature and coronary disease. Int J Epidemiol. 1993; 22: 632- 636.
  • Rintamaki R, Grimaldi S, Englund A, Haukka J, Partonen T, Reunanen A, Aroma Ai Lönngvist J. Seasonal Changes in Mood and Behavior Are Linked to Metabolic Syndrome. PLoS ONE 2008;3:1482.

İki Uçlu Bozuklukta Metabolik Sendrom Yaygınlığının Mevsimsel Değişimi

Yıl 2012, , 51 - 57, 01.02.2012
https://doi.org/10.5455/jmood.20120516035748

Öz

Amaç: İki uçlu bozukluk (İUB) hastalarında metabolik bozukluklar ve metabolik sendrom tanısının genel populasyona göre daha sık görüldüğü bildirilmektedir. İUB’de metabolik sendromun genel topluma göre daha sık görülmesinin altında yatan biyolojik yolak halen bilinmemektedir. İkinci kuşak antipsikotiklerin kilo alımı ve insulin direncine yol açan yan etkisi en önemli etkenlerden biri olarak göz önünde bulundurulmaktadır. Öte yandan, bu bilgi İUB ile metabolik sendrom arasındaki ilişkiyi tam olarak anlamak için yeterli değildir. Bu çalışmanın amacı İUB tip 1’de görülen metabolik sendrom ölçütleri ile metabolik sendrom tanısı yaygınlığının mevsimsel değişiminin incelenmesidir. Yöntem: Bu amaçla, çalışmaya klinik olarak düzelme halinde olan ve çalışmaya alınma ölçütlerini karşılayan 69 İUB tip 1 hastası dahil edilmiştir. Çalışmada metabolik sendrom tanısı Uluslararası Diyabet Federasyonu (IDF) tarafından belirlenen tanımlamaya uygun olarak konulmuştur. Hastaların vizitlerde ötimik olduklarına ilişkin değerlendirme, klinik görüşme sırasında uygulanan Young Mani Derecelendirme Ölçeği ve 17 maddeli Hamilton Depresyon Derecelendirme Ölçeği ile yapılmıştır. Hastalar bir yıl boyunca her mevsimde bir kez olmak üzere dört ayrı vizitte değerlendirilmiştir. Metabolik sendrom ölçütlerinin araştırılması amacı ile kan örneklemesi, kan basıncı ve bel çevresi ölçümleri yapılmıştır. Her dört vizite katılan ve bu vizitlerin her birinde çalışmaya alınma ve dışlama ölçütlerini karşılayan 49 hastanın verisi değerlendirilmiştir. Bu veriler kullanılarak metabolik sendrom ölçütlerinin ve metabolik sendrom tanısının yaygınlıklarının mevsimsel değişimleri incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan İUB tip 1 hastaları arasında metabolik sendrom tanısının yaygınlığı kış, ilkbahar, yaz ve sonbahar olmak üzere sırasıyla %42.9, %42.9, %34.7 ve %34.7 idi. Metabolik sendrom tanısı alanların oranı ilkbahar ve kış aylarında sonbahar ve yaz aylarında bu tanıyı alanlara göre daha yüksek olmasına karşın bu fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmamıştır. Metabolik sendrom ölçütlerinden düşük HDL ölçütünün yaygınlığı ilkbahar aylarında en düşük seviyede olmak üzere mevsimsel değişim göstermekteydi. Tartışma: Çalışmamızın sonuçları İUB tip 1 hastalarında metabolik sendrom tanısının yaygınlığının mevsimsel değişim gösterdiğini desteklememesine karşın metabolik sendrom tanısı ölçütlerinden biri olan düşük HDL ölçütünün yaygınlığının mevsimsel değişim gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Halen geniş izlem çalışmaları ile İUB’de metabolik sendrom ölçütlerinin ve metabolik sendrom tanısının yaygınlığının mevsimsel değişiminin incelenmesine ihtiyaç vardır. Şizofreni ve İUB gibi ciddi ruhsal hastalığı olan bireylerde genel topluma göre daha yaygın olan metabolik sendrom, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, yüksek mortalite ve morbidite oranlarıyla ilişkisi göz önünde bulundurulduğunda önemli bir sağlık sorunudur. Klinisyenler, metabolik bozuklukların da mevsimsel değişim gösterebileceği anahtar bilgisi ile İUB olan hastalarda mizaç değişimleri kadar mevsimsel metabolik değişimleri de izlemelidirler.

Kaynakça

  • Meltzer HY, Davidson M, Glassman AH, Vieweg WV. Assessing cardiovascular risks versus clinical benefits of atypical antipsychotic drug treatment. J Clin Psychiatry 2002; 63: 25-29.
  • Gupta S, Steinmeyer C, Frank B, Madhusoodanan S, Lockwood K, Lentz B, Keller P. Hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia in real world patients on antipsychotic therapy. Am J Ther. 2003; 10: 348- 355.
  • Lindenmayer JP, Czobor P, Volavka J, Citrome L, Sheitman B, McEvoy JP, Cooper TB, Chakos M, Lieberman JA. Changes in glucose and cholesterol levels in patients with schizophrenia treated with typical or atypical antipsychotic. Am J Psychiatry 2003; 160: 290-296.
  • McIntyre RS, McCann SM, Kennedy SH. Antipsychotic metabolic effects: weight gain, diabetes mellitus, and lipid abnormalities. Can J Psychiatry 2001; 46: 273-281.
  • Enger C, Weatherby L, Reynolds RF, Glasser DB, Walker AM. Serious cardiovascular events and mortality among patients with schizophrenia. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2004; 192: 19-27.
  • Correll CU, Frederickson AM, Kane JM, Manu P. Metabolic syndrome and the risk of coronary heart disease in 367 patients treated with second-generation antipsychotics drugs. J Clin Psychiatry 2006; 67: 575-583.
  • Sicras A, Rejas J, Navarro R, Serrat J, Blanca M. Metabolic syndrome in bipolar disorder: a cross-sectional assessment of a Health Management Organization database. Bipolar Disord. 2008; 10: 607-616.
  • van Winkel R, De Hert M, Van Eyck D, Hanssens L, Wampers M, Scheen A, Peuskens J. Prevalence of diabetes and the metabolic syndrome in a sample of patients with bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 2008; 10: 342-348.
  • Teixeira PJR, Rocha FL. The prevalance of metabolic syndrome among psychiatric inpatients in Brazil. Rev Bras Psiquiatr. 2007; 29: 330-336.
  • Ockene IS, Chiriboga DE, Stanek 3rd EJ, Harmatz MG, Nicolosi R, Saperia G, Well AD, Freedson P, Merriam PA, Reed G, Ma Y, Matthews CE, Hebert JR. Seasonal variation in serum cholesterol levels: treatment implications and possible mechanisms. Arch Intern Med. 2004; 164: 863-870.
  • Altınbaş K, Özer A, Çakmak C, Kurt E, Oral ET. İki uçlu duygudurum bozukluğu ve lipit döngüselliği ilişkisi. Düşünen Adam Psikiyatri ve Nörolojik Bilimler Dergisi 2010; 23: 158-165.
  • Alberti G. IDF consensus on the Metabolic Syndrome: Definition and Treatment, presented at 1st International Congress on Prediabetes and the Metabolic Syndrome, Berlin, 2005:1-7. available on-line: http://www.idf.org/webdata/docs/MetS_def_update2006.pdf.
  • Enez Darçın A, Dilbaz N, Yalçın Çavuş S, Doğan E. Metabolic Syndrome in drug naive/free schizophrenic patients and their first degree relatives. Poster in 10th World Biological Psychiatry Congress 2011, Prague.
  • Yumru M, Savas HA, Kurt E, Kaya MC, Selek S, Savas E, Oral ET, Atagun I. Atypical antipsychotics related metabolic syndrome in bipolar patients. J Affect Disord. 2007; 98:247-252.
  • Yumru M, Savaş E, Gergerlioğlu HS, Başaral Kı, Kalenderoğlu A, Savaş HA, Büyükbaş S. İkiuçlu Bozuklukta Metabolik Sendrom, Serum Leptin Düzeyleri ve Tedavi İlişkisi Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni – Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology 2008; 18: 79-83.
  • Sanisoğlu SY, Öktenli C, Hasimi A, Yokusoglu M, Ugurlu M. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome–related disorders in a large adult population in Turkey. BMC Public Health 2006; 6:92.
  • Cardenas J, Frye MA, Marusak SL, Levander EM, Chirichigno JW, Lewis S, Nakelsky S, Hwang S, Mintz J, Altshuler LL. Modal subcomponents of metabolic disorder in patients with bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord. 2008; 106; 91-97.
  • Klipstein KG, Goldberg JF. Screening for bipolar disorder in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a pilot study. J Affect Disord. 2006; 91: 205-209.
  • Rasgon N. The relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome and antiepileptic drugs: a review of the evidence. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2004; 24: 322-334.
  • Watson S, Gallagher P, Ritchie JC, Ferrier B, Young AH. Hypothalamic-pituita- adrenal axis function in patients with bipolar disorder. Br J Psychiatry 2004; 184:496-502.
  • Yanovski JA, Yanovski SZ, Sovik KN, Nguyen TT, O’Neil PM, Sebring NG. A prospective study of holiday weight gain. N Engl J Med. 2000; 342: 861-867.
  • Alpe´rovitch A, Lacombe JM, Hanon O, Dartigues JF, Ritchie K, Ducimetie`re P, Tzourio C. Relationship between blood pressure and outdoor temperature in a large sample of elderly individuals: the Three-City study. Arch Intern Med. 2009; 169: 75-80.
  • Hayashi T, Ohshige K, Sawai A, Yamasue K, Tochikubo O. Seasonal influence on blood pressure in elderly normotensive subjects. Hypertens Res. 2008; 31: 569-574.
  • Liang WW. Seasonal changes in preprandial glucose, A1C, and blood pressure in diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 2007; 30: 2501- 2502.
  • Kamezaki F, Sonoda S, Tomotsune Y, Yunaka H, Otsuji Y. Seasonal variation in metabolic syndrome prevalence. Hypertension Research 2010; 33: 568-572.
  • Convertino VA, Greenleaf JE, Bernauer EM. Role of thermal and exercise factors in the mechanism of hypervolemia. J Appl Physiol. 1980; 48: 657-664.
  • Convertino VA, Brock PJ, Keil LC, Bemauer EM, Greenleaf JE. Exercise training– induced hypervolemia: role of plasma albumin, renin, and vasopressin. J Appl Physiol. 1980; 48: 665-669.
  • Convertino VA. Fluid shifts and hydration state: effects of long- term exercise. Can J Sport Sci. 1987; 12: 136S-139S.
  • Enquselassie F, Dobson A, Alexander H, Steele P. Seasons, temperature and coronary disease. Int J Epidemiol. 1993; 22: 632- 636.
  • Rintamaki R, Grimaldi S, Englund A, Haukka J, Partonen T, Reunanen A, Aroma Ai Lönngvist J. Seasonal Changes in Mood and Behavior Are Linked to Metabolic Syndrome. PLoS ONE 2008;3:1482.
Toplam 30 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Kürşat Altınbaş Bu kişi benim

Aslı Enez Darçın Bu kişi benim

Sinan Gülöksüz Bu kişi benim

Timuçin Esat Oral Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Şubat 2012
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2012

Kaynak Göster

APA Altınbaş, K., Darçın, A. E., Gülöksüz, S., Oral, T. E. (2012). İki Uçlu Bozuklukta Metabolik Sendrom Yaygınlığının Mevsimsel Değişimi. Journal of Mood Disorders, 2(2), 51-57. https://doi.org/10.5455/jmood.20120516035748
AMA Altınbaş K, Darçın AE, Gülöksüz S, Oral TE. İki Uçlu Bozuklukta Metabolik Sendrom Yaygınlığının Mevsimsel Değişimi. Journal of Mood Disorders. Şubat 2012;2(2):51-57. doi:10.5455/jmood.20120516035748
Chicago Altınbaş, Kürşat, Aslı Enez Darçın, Sinan Gülöksüz, ve Timuçin Esat Oral. “İki Uçlu Bozuklukta Metabolik Sendrom Yaygınlığının Mevsimsel Değişimi”. Journal of Mood Disorders 2, sy. 2 (Şubat 2012): 51-57. https://doi.org/10.5455/jmood.20120516035748.
EndNote Altınbaş K, Darçın AE, Gülöksüz S, Oral TE (01 Şubat 2012) İki Uçlu Bozuklukta Metabolik Sendrom Yaygınlığının Mevsimsel Değişimi. Journal of Mood Disorders 2 2 51–57.
IEEE K. Altınbaş, A. E. Darçın, S. Gülöksüz, ve T. E. Oral, “İki Uçlu Bozuklukta Metabolik Sendrom Yaygınlığının Mevsimsel Değişimi”, Journal of Mood Disorders, c. 2, sy. 2, ss. 51–57, 2012, doi: 10.5455/jmood.20120516035748.
ISNAD Altınbaş, Kürşat vd. “İki Uçlu Bozuklukta Metabolik Sendrom Yaygınlığının Mevsimsel Değişimi”. Journal of Mood Disorders 2/2 (Şubat 2012), 51-57. https://doi.org/10.5455/jmood.20120516035748.
JAMA Altınbaş K, Darçın AE, Gülöksüz S, Oral TE. İki Uçlu Bozuklukta Metabolik Sendrom Yaygınlığının Mevsimsel Değişimi. Journal of Mood Disorders. 2012;2:51–57.
MLA Altınbaş, Kürşat vd. “İki Uçlu Bozuklukta Metabolik Sendrom Yaygınlığının Mevsimsel Değişimi”. Journal of Mood Disorders, c. 2, sy. 2, 2012, ss. 51-57, doi:10.5455/jmood.20120516035748.
Vancouver Altınbaş K, Darçın AE, Gülöksüz S, Oral TE. İki Uçlu Bozuklukta Metabolik Sendrom Yaygınlığının Mevsimsel Değişimi. Journal of Mood Disorders. 2012;2(2):51-7.