Eğitimin Amerikan Müslümanlarının Dindarlığına Etkisi

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 11 - 23, 26.07.2019

Murat Yılmaz , Munube Yılmaz

Öz

Eğitim ve din kurumlari, sosyal yaşamin iki temel öğesidir. Eğitim bugüne değin yaşamın çeşitli
yönleri bakımından çalışılmış ve bireylerin  davranışları, bakış açıları ve tercihleri
üzerinde, yine bireylerin sosyoekonomik statüleri, evlilikleri, doğurganlıkları
ve sağlıklarında meydana gelen değişimlere bağlı olarak eğitimin  büyük bir etkisi olduğı olduğu ortaya
koyulmuştur.  Eğitim gibi, din de
bireylerin tutumları, bakış açıları ve tercihleri ​​üzerinde önemli bir
belirleyici olarak kabul edilmektedir. Eğitim ve din arasındaki ilişkinin
niteliğini açıklamak için, sosyolojinin kurucuları, Marx, Weber, Mill ve
Durkheim gibi sosyal bilimciler, eğitim seviyesinin yükselmesinin dindarlıktaki
düşüş ile ilişkisinin olduğunu savunmuşlardır. Onlar ülkelerin ekonomik olarak
geliştiği ve eğitim seviyelerinin yükseldiği zamanö dine duyulan ihtiyacın
azalacağını öngörmüşlerdir. Bu öngürünün gerçekleşip gerçekleşmeyeceği hakkındaki
tartışma halen devam etmekte olup, sosyal bilimciler arasında dinin geleceği
konusunda bir fikir birliği mevcut değildir. PEW Amerikan Müslüman Anketi
2008'den elde edilen verileri kullanarak, bu çalışma, eğitim seviyesinin Amerikan
Müslümanlarının dindarlığı üzerindeki etkisini inceleyerek mevcut tartışmaya
katkıda bulunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Ampirik bulgularımız, eğitimin bazı dini ölçekler
üzerinde olumsuz etkileri olmasına rağmen, bunun tüm dini değişkenler için
geçerli olmadığını göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Eğitim, Din, İslam, Amerika, Sekülerizm

The Effect of Education on American Muslims’ Religiosity

Öz

Education
and religion are two fundamental institutions for social life. Education has
been studied for various aspects of life and found that it has a vast impact on
several mechanisms of individuals life in terms of their behaviors,
perspectives, and preferences related to the changes on their socioeconomic
status, marriage, fertility and health. Like education, religion has also
considered as a significant determinant on individuals’ attitudes,
perspectives, and preferences. In order to explain the nature of the relationship
between education and religion, social scientists including the fathers of
sociology, Marx, Weber, mill, and Durkheim have often argued the high level of
education is more likely related to decline in religiosity. They predict that
when countries develop economically and the levels of education rise, the need
for religion will diminish. The debate about the prediction still going on and
there is no consensus among social scientists about the future of religion. Using
data from PEW American Muslim Survey 2008, this study aims to contribute to the
existing discussion by studying the effect of schooling years on American
Muslims religiosity. Our empirical findings suggest while education has
negative effects on some religious measures, this is not valid for all
religious variables. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Education, Religion, İslam, Amarica, Secularism

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