Bilgisayar kullananlarda mesleki kas-iskelet yakınmaları ve ergonomi

Yıl 2011, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 41, 45 - 52, 01.08.2011

Asuman Doğan Bilgehan Tekindal Güvenç Baran Neşe Özgirgin

Öz

Özet Teknoloji ve iletişim sistemlerinin gelişmesi ile bilgisayarlar yaşamımızda daha fazla yer almış, hem işte, hem de evde bilgisayarlar başında giderek daha uzun saatler geçirilmeye başlanmıştır. Saatler boyunca sabit pozisyonda bilgisayar ile çalışanlarda üst ekstremite boyun ve sırt yakınmalarının oranlarının arttığı da gözlenmiştir. Çalışma süreleri, ara verme, kötü postür, tekrarlayan hareketler, çalışma araçlarının ergonomik olmaması, kişisel ve psikososyal faktörler kas iskelet yakınmaları ile ilişkili midir? Bilgisayar kullananlarda sık görülen kas iskelet yakınmaları doğru çalışma duruşlarının öğretilmesi, ergonomi eğitimleri, dinlenme aralarında kolayca yapılabilecek egzersizler ve işyeri ortamının ergonomik düzenlenmesi gibi basit yöntemlerle önlenebilir mi? Bu derlemede amaç; bilgisayar kullananlarda MKİY sıklığı ve risk faktörlerini literatür çerçevesinde tartışmak ve bu risk faktörlerinden korunmak için, çalışma ortamı, araçları, çalışma postürü ve aralarda yapılacak egzersizler hakkında bilgileri gözden geçirmektir. Anahtar Sözcükler: bilgisayar kullananlar, mesleki kas-iskeletrahatsızlıkları, ergonomi. Abstract Computers have started to occupy a greater place in our lives with the development of technology and communication systems. Increasingly, longer hours are spent sitting at the computer at both work and home. Sitting in a fixed position for hours, not giving any break, bad posture, repeating motions and work appliances which are not ergonomical, added up with individual factors such as age and sex and psychosocial and work-related problems, result in increasing rates of musculoskeletal complaints in computer users. As a result, decrease in efficiency, increase in absenteeism and health expenditures have revealed the necessity for ergonomical applications aimed at decreasing risk factors. It is possible to prevent or decrease the musculoskeletal complaints frequently observed in computer users with simple methods such as teaching correct working positions, ergonomic trainings, exercises that can be easily done during rest breaks and ergonomical arrangement of the workplace. In this review, the aim is to discuss under the framework of the literature the frequency of occupational musculoskeletal complaints OMSC in computer users and the risk factors and to reviewthe available information on work appliances, work posture, their ergonomical features for protection from these risk factors. Key Words: Computer users, work-related musculo-skeletal complaints, ergonomics.

Anahtar Kelimeler

bilgisayar kullananlar, mesleki kas- iskelet rahatsızlıkları, ergonomi

Kaynakça

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