GOFFMAN, BENLİK SUNUMU VE BİR PERFORMANS OLARAK NİTEL ÇALIŞMALAR

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 45, 437 - 465, 22.12.2025

Mesut Özel

https://doi.org/10.56524/msydergi.1478529

https://izlik.org/JA98HF96AW

Öz

Bu çalışmanın konusu Goffman’ın sosyolojik yaklaşımı ve dramaturjik analizi perspektifinden nitel çalışmaların değerlendirilmesidir. Çalışmada Goffman ve onun sosyolojik imgeleminin, genel anlamda sosyal bilimler özelde ise sosyolojik araştırmalara ne gibi açılımlar sağlayabileceği tartışılmıştır. Bu bağlamda Goffman’ın toplumsal ilişkileri ve etkileşimleri mikro düzey analizlerinde kullandığı kavramlar; bağlamı ve ilişkide bulunacakların birbirleriyle ilgili anlık ve/veya önsel bilgi, duygu ve algılarını analize katmasının araştırmalar ve araştırmacılar açısından önemine dikkat çekilmeye çalışılmıştır. Dolayısıyla bu makalenin temel savı; Goffman’ın bakış açısı ve kavram setlerinin nitel verilerin toplanmasında ve analizinde araştırmacılara bazı açılımlar sağlayıp sağlayamayacağıdır. Öyle ki nitel veri toplama yöntemlerinin çoğu hem araştırmanın öznesi olarak araştırmacının hem de araştırmanın nesnesinin birer performans sergilemesi olarak okunabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nitel Yaklaşım , Goffman , Dramaturjik Analiz , Benlik Sunumu , Roller

GOFFMAN, SELF-PRESENTATION AND QUALITATIVE STUDIES AS A PERFORMANCE

https://izlik.org/JA98HF96AW

Öz

The subject of this study is the evaluation of qualitative studies from the perspective of Goffman’s sociological approach and dramaturgical analysis. In this context, the study aims to draw attention to the importance of Goffman’s concepts used in micro-level analyses of social relations and interactions, their contexts, and the inclusion of instantaneous and/or a priori knowledge, feelings and perceptions of those who will be in contact with each other in the analysis for researchers and researchers. Therefore, the main argument of this article is whether Goffman’s perspective and concept sets can provide researchers with some insights in the collection and analysis of qualitative data. In fact, most of the qualitative data collection methods can be read as the performance of the researcher as both the subject and object of the research.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Qualitative approach , Goffman , Dramaturgical Analysis , Self-Presentation , Roles

Kaynakça

• Adler, Patricia, Adler, Peter & Fontana, Andrea (1987), “Everyday Life Sociology”, Annual Review of Sociology, 13(1), s. 217-235.
• Birnbaum, Matthew, Gardner (2008), Taking goffman on a tour of facebook: college students and the presentation of self in a mediated digital environment (Doctoral disseration). Erişim adresi: https://repository.arizona.edu/handle/10150/194670
• Bottomore, Tom & Nisbet, Robert (1978), A History of Sociological Analysis, (NYC: Basic Books).
• Bourdieu, Pierre (1988), Vive La Crise!: “For Heterodoxy in Social Science”, Theory and Society, 17(5),s. 773–787.
• Bourdieu, Pierre & Wacquant, Loic (2003), Düşünümsel Bir Antropoloji İçin Cevaplar, (Çev.Nazlı Ökten), (Ankara: İletişim).
• Bourdieu, Pierre (2019), Akademik Aklın Eleştirisi, (Çev. Burcu Yalım,), (İstanbul: Metis).
• Carles, Pierre (2002), Sociology is a Martial Art, [Documantry film] https://www.izlesene.com/video/pierre-bourdieu-belgeseli-sosyoloji-bir-dovus-sporudur-part-01/8768315. Erişim Tarihi: 13.06.2023.
• Chriss, James (1995), “Somne Thoughts on Recent Efforts to Further Systematize Goffman”, Sociological Forum, 10(1), s. 177-186.
• Comte, Aguste & Martineau, Harriet (2009), The Positive Philosophy of Auguste Comte, (Cambridge University Press).
• Dilthey, Wilhelm (1989), Introduction to the Human Sciences, (Princeton Univesity Press).
• Dilthey, Wilhelm (1999), Hermeneutik ve Tin Bilimleri, (Çev. Doğan Özlem), (Çanakkale: Paradigma).
• Durkheim, Émile (1951), Suicide, A Study in Sociology, (A. Spaulding, G. Simpson, Trans.), (LA: The Free Press).
• Durkheim, Émile (1982), The Rules of Sociological Method, (Trans. Wilfred, D. Halls.), (LA: The Free Press).
• Durkheim, Émile (2009), Sociology and Philosophy, (London: Routledge).
• Giddens, Anthony & Sutton, Philip W. (2009), Sociology, (Cambridge: Polity Press).
• Gilmore, David. C., Stevens, Cyintiha. K., Harrell-Cook, Gloria & Ferrıs, Gerald. R. (1999), “The Employment Interview Handbook. Robert. W., Eder & Michael. M., Harris (Ed.), Impression Management Tactics , (California: Sage): pp. 321-336.
• Goffman, Erving (1959), The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life, (NY: Doubleday).
• Goffman, Erving (1961), Asylums: Essays on The Social Situation of Mental Patients And Other Inmates, (NY: Doubleday).
• Goffman, Erving (1961a), Encounters: Two Studies in The Sociology of Interaction, (Indiana: Bobbs-Merrill).
• Goffman, Erving (1963), Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity, (London: Prentice-Hall).
• Goffman, Erving (1969), Strategic Interaction, (University of Pennsylvania Press).
• Goffman, Erving (1971), Relations in Public: Microstudies of the Public Order, (NYC: Basic Books).
• Goffman, Erving (1981), Forms of Talk, (London: Basil Blackwell).
• Goffman, Erving (2019), Damga, Örselenmiş Kimliğin İdare Edilişi Üzerine Notlar, (Çev. Levent Ünsaldı), (Ankara: Heretik).
• Goffman Archives. Retrived Jully 24, 2022, from https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/goffman_archives/, Griffin, Em, Ledbetter, Andrew & Sparks, Gleen (2018), A First Look at Communication Theory, (NY: McGraw). International Sociological Association. (2022), Books of the XX century, Erişim adresi: https://www.isa-sociology.org/en/about-isa/history-of-isa/books-of-the-xx-century,
• Jones, Edward. E. & Pıttman, Thane (1982), “Toward a General Theory of Strategic Self-Presentation”, Psychological Perspectives on the Self, 1(2), s. 231–262.
• Kieślowski, Krzysztof (Yönetmen). (1988), Öldürmek Üzerine Kısa Bir Film, [Sinema filmi].
• Kolb, Deborah M. (1985), “To Be a Mediator: Expressive Tactics in Mediation”, Journal of Social Issues, 41, s. 11-26.
• Kümbetoğlu, Betül (2008), Sosyoloji ve Antropolojide Niteliksel Yöntem ve Araştırma, (İstanbul: Bağlam).
• Manning, Philip (1992), Erving Goffman and Modern Sociology, (Cambridge: Polity Press).
• Merriam, Sharan. B. & Tisdell, Elizabeth. J. (2016), Qualitative Research: A Guide to Design and Implementation, (San Francisco: Jossey Bass).
• Miller, Nod. & Morgan, David (1993), “Called to Account: The CV as an Autobiographical Practice”, Sociology, 27(1), s. 133–143.
• Özlem, Doğan (2008), Kültür Bilimleri ve Kültür Felsefesi, (Ankara: Doğu Batı).
• Poloma, Margaret. M. (1993), Çağdaş Sosyoloji Kuramları, (Çev. Hayriye Erbaş), (İstanbul: Gündoğan).
• Ritzer, George & Stepnisky, Jeffrey (2018), Modern Sociological Theory, (California: Sage).
• Rutter, Jason & Smith, Greg (1999), Esprit i3 workshop on ethnographic studies in real and virtual environments: inhabited information spaces and connected communities, Edinburgh: Queen Margaret College.
• Sandstrom, Kent, L., Martin, Daniel, D. & Fine, Gary, A. (2006), Symbols, Selves And Social Reality: A Symbolic Interactionist Approach to Social Psychology and Sociology, (Oxford University Press).
• Schau, H. Jensen & Gılly, Marry (2003), “We Are What We Post? Self-Presentation in Personal Web Space”, Journal of Consumer Research, 30 (3), s. 385–404.
• Shalin, Dimitri (2008), “Goffman’s biography and the interaction order: a study in biocritical hermeneutics”, Bios Sociologicus, The Erving Goffman Archives. Erişim adresi: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/goffman_archives/ Scholar Google. Retrived Jully 24, 2022, from https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=search_authors&hl=en&mauthors=label:sociology&after_author=
• Smith, Greg (2006), Erving Goffman, (London: Routledge).
• Spencer, Herbert (1902), Facts and Comments, (NY: Appleton).
• Şahin, Köksal ve Türedi, Hümeyra (2018), “Tanzimat Döneminde Siyasal Toplumsallaşma: Damga Teorisi Bağlamında Bir Analiz”, Türk Dünyası Araştırmaları, 119, s. 191-216.
• Timurturkan, Meral, Demez, Gönül, Kart, Elife, Ertan, Cihan, Cankurtaran, Selim ve Aktin, Salih (2017), “Hükümlü Olmanın Sosyal Tezahürleri: Sosyal Dışlanma, Damga ve Suç”, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 9 (20), s. 138-157.
• Weber, Max (1922), Economy and Society, (G. Roth and C. Wittich, Ed), (University of California Press).
• Weber, Max (2001), The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, (London: Routledge).
• Vico, Giambattista [1744] (1961), The New Science of Giambattista Vico, (NY: Doubleday).
• Woolgar, Steve (1999), Bilim: Bilim İdesi Üzerine Sosyolojik Bir Deneme, (Çev. Hüsamettin Arslan), (İstanbul: Paradigma Yayınları).
• World Values Survey (2022), https://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/wvs.jsp. Erişim Tarihi: 13.06.2023.