Öz
[Studies on Zoroastrianism in the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century present a uniform corpus, but from mid-20th century onwards, particularly with research done by scholars such as Ernst Herzfeld, H. S. Nyberg, W. B. Henning, George Dumézil, J. Duchesne-Guillemin, Helmuth Humbach, Walther Hinz, Ilya Gershevitcz, Marian Molé, R. C. Zaehner and Geo Wiedengren Zoroastrian studies took wing. This article discusses and evaluates research done in the 20th century on Zoroastrianism in view to answer these questions: 1. When did Zoroaster live?, 2. Where did Zoroaster live?, 3. The religion of the Akhamenids, 4. Zoroaster’s life, 5. Was Zoroaster a shaman?, 6. Monotheism in Zoroastrianism, 7. Dualism in Zoroastrianism, 8. Day of Doom in Zoroastrianism, 9. Zoroaster as a prophet and a reformer
Anahtar Kelimeler
Zoroaster Zoroastrianism Shamanism the Gathas Ernst Herzfeld H. S. Nyberg]
Kaynakça
- Dandamayev, M. A., Iran pri pervykh Ahemenidah, Moscow 1963, s. 239.
- Duchesne-Guillemin, Jacques, Ohrmazd et Ahriman, Paris 1953.
- Duchesne-Guillemin, Jacques, Western Response to Zoroaster, Oxford 1958.
- Duchesne-Guillemin, Jacques, Zoroastre, Paris 1948.
- Friedrich, A., “Knochen und Skelette in der Vorstellungswelt Nordasiens”, Wiener Beitraege zur Kulturgeschichte und Linguistik, 5, (1943), s. 183-197.
- Gershevitch, Ilya, The Avestan Hymn to Mythra, Cambridge 1959.
- Henning, W. B., Zoroaster: Politician or Witch-Doctor?, Oxford University Press, 1951.
- Herzfeld, Ernst, “Smerdis und Pseudosmerdis”, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, V/3, (1933), s. 141- 142;
- Herzfeld, Ernst, Archaeological History of Iran, London 1935, s. 43.
- Herzfeld, Ernst,, Zoroaster and His World, Princeton University Press, Oxford 1947.
- Hinz, Walther, Zarathustra, Stuttgart 1961.
- Humbach, Helmut, Die Gathas des Zarathustra, I-II, Heidelberg 1959.
- Lentz, Wolfgang, “Yasna 28: Kommentierte Übersetzung und Kompositions-Analyse”, Akademieder Wissenschaften und Litteratur in Mainz, Abh. Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Klasse 1954, nr. 16, Wiesbaden 1955.
- Molé, Marian, Culte, Mythe at Cosmologie dans l’Iran Ancien. Le problème zoroastrien et la tradition mazdéenne, Paris 1963.
- Nyberg, H. S., Die Religionen des alten Iran, Deutsch von H. H. Schaeder, Leipzig 1938.
- Wiedengren, Geo, Die Religionen Irans, Stuttgart 1965.
- Zaehner, Robert Charles, The Dawn and Twilight of Zoroastrianism, London 1961.
Öz
XIX. yüzyılda ve XX. yüzyılın başlarında oldukça homojen bir mahiyet taşıyan Zerdüşt araştırmaları, XX. yüzyılın ortalarından itibaren özellikle Ernst Herzfeld, H. S. Nyberg, W. B. Henning, George Dumézil, J. Duchesne-Guillemin, Helmuth Humbach, Walther Hinz, Ilya Gershevitcz, Marian Molé, R. C. Zaehner ve Geo Wiedengren gibi araştırmacıların yeni yayınlarıyla hızlı bir gelişme göstermiştir. Makalede XX. yüzyılda Zerdüşt üzerine yapılan araştırmaların genel bir değerlendirmesi yapılarak son bulguların ışığında şu sorulara cevap aranmaktadır: 1. Zerdüşt Ne Zaman Yaşadı?, 2. Zerdüşt Nerede Yaşadı?, 3. Akhemeniler’in Dini Meselesi, 4. Zerdüşt’ün Hayat Hikayesi, 5. Zerdüşt Şaman mıydı?, 6. Zerdüştlükte Tek Tanrılık, 7. Zerdüştlükte Düalizm, 8. Zerdüştlükte Kıyamet Günü, 9. Peygamber ve Reformcu Olarak Zerdüşt.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Zerdüşt; Zerdüştlük; Şamanizm; Gathalar; Ernst Herzfeld; H. S. Nyberg
Kaynakça
- Dandamayev, M. A., Iran pri pervykh Ahemenidah, Moscow 1963, s. 239.
- Duchesne-Guillemin, Jacques, Ohrmazd et Ahriman, Paris 1953.
- Duchesne-Guillemin, Jacques, Western Response to Zoroaster, Oxford 1958.
- Duchesne-Guillemin, Jacques, Zoroastre, Paris 1948.
- Friedrich, A., “Knochen und Skelette in der Vorstellungswelt Nordasiens”, Wiener Beitraege zur Kulturgeschichte und Linguistik, 5, (1943), s. 183-197.
- Gershevitch, Ilya, The Avestan Hymn to Mythra, Cambridge 1959.
- Henning, W. B., Zoroaster: Politician or Witch-Doctor?, Oxford University Press, 1951.
- Herzfeld, Ernst, “Smerdis und Pseudosmerdis”, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, V/3, (1933), s. 141- 142;
- Herzfeld, Ernst, Archaeological History of Iran, London 1935, s. 43.
- Herzfeld, Ernst,, Zoroaster and His World, Princeton University Press, Oxford 1947.
- Hinz, Walther, Zarathustra, Stuttgart 1961.
- Humbach, Helmut, Die Gathas des Zarathustra, I-II, Heidelberg 1959.
- Lentz, Wolfgang, “Yasna 28: Kommentierte Übersetzung und Kompositions-Analyse”, Akademieder Wissenschaften und Litteratur in Mainz, Abh. Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Klasse 1954, nr. 16, Wiesbaden 1955.
- Molé, Marian, Culte, Mythe at Cosmologie dans l’Iran Ancien. Le problème zoroastrien et la tradition mazdéenne, Paris 1963.
- Nyberg, H. S., Die Religionen des alten Iran, Deutsch von H. H. Schaeder, Leipzig 1938.
- Wiedengren, Geo, Die Religionen Irans, Stuttgart 1965.
- Zaehner, Robert Charles, The Dawn and Twilight of Zoroastrianism, London 1961.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 20 Ekim 2015 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2014 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2 |
