Araştırma Makalesi
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The Changing Role of The United States in the Liberal International Order: From Order Keeper to Disruptor

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1 , 176 - 190 , 27.03.2026
https://izlik.org/JA43ZD78XK

Öz

Donald Trump's foreign policy rhetoric and actions since taking office again in 2025 continue to have a shocking effect on the international stage. The new Trump administration's foreign policy steps are further increasing scrutiny of the liberal international order. The new administration's foreign policy preferences and orientations are making the global role of the US, the architect and protector of the liberal international order, even more controversial. Trump's interest-based and unilateral foreign policy approach, expressed through his “America First” rhetoric, indicates that the US is stepping back from the role it has played in the international order until now. This study aims to answer the question of how the new Trump administration's foreign policy rhetoric and practices affect the liberal international order and the US's role in this order. The study discusses the impact of the Trump administration's protectionist trade policies, withdrawal from international organizations, aggressive stance toward allies and partners, rhetoric that Greenland should belong to the US, and attack on Venezuela on the liberal international order. The Trump administration seeks to change, undermine, and in some cases completely reject the most fundamental principles of the order that the US sought to shape after World War II. Trump's rhetoric disregarding the sovereignty of other states and his statements and actions rejecting multilateralism are eroding the US's commitment to the liberal international order. Although the US remains the world's largest economy and sole superpower, it is losing its credibility as a reliable and predictable ally and legitimate leader.

Etik Beyan

This study is an original work; I have adhered to scientific ethical principles and rules in all stages of the study, including preparation, data collection, analysis, and presentation of information; I have cited all sources for any data and information not obtained within the scope of this study and included these sources in the bibliography; I have not made any changes to the data used; and I declare that I have complied with all the terms and conditions of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and adhered to ethical duties and responsibilities.

Destekleyen Kurum

No external support has been received during the conduct of this study.

Kaynakça

  • Acharya, A. (2025, 15 Eylül). The decline of the West and the rise of the rest will lead to a new world order. Chatham House. https://www.chathamhouse.org/publications/the-world-today/2025-09/decline-west-and-rise-rest-will-lead-new-world-order
  • Allan, B. B. (2018). Scientific cosmology and international orders. Cambridge University Press.
  • Börzel, T. A., & Zürn, M. (2021). Contestations of the liberal international order: From liberal multilateralism to postnational liberalism. International Organization, 75(2), 282-305.
  • Bull, H. (2012). The anarchical society: A study of order in world politics. Columbia University Press.
  • Carson, A., Metz, R., & Poast, P. (2025). Allies and access: Implications of an American turn away from alliances. International Organization, 79(1), 103-116.
  • Chaudoin, S., Milner, H. V., & Tingley, D. (2021). America first meets liberal internationalism. ISSF Policy Series.
  • Foreign Policy. (2026, 9 Ocak). What we know and dont know about the legal case against Maduro. https://foreignpolicy.com/2026/01/09/legal-case-maduro-venezuela-trump-new-york/
  • Goddard, S. E., & Newman, A. (2025). Further back to the future: Neo-royalism, the Trump administration, and the emerging international system. International Organization, 79(1), 12-25.
  • Haas, L. J. (2026, 8 Ocak). The dangers of Donald Trumps ad hoc foreign policy. The National Interest. https://nationalinterest.org/feature/the-dangers-of-donald-trumps-ad-hoc-foreign-policy
  • Hyde, S. D., & Saunders, E. N. (2025). The unconstrained future of world order. International Organization, 79(1), 71-87.
  • Ikenberry, G. J. (2001). After victory: Institutions, strategic restraint, and the rebuilding of order after major wars. Princeton University Press.
  • Ikenberry, G. J. (2011). Liberal leviathan: The origins, crisis, and transformation of the American world order. Princeton University Press.
  • Kupchan, C. (2026, 7 Ocak). Venezuela and beyond: Trumps America first rhetoric masks a neo-imperialist streak. Council on Foreign Relations. https://www.cfr.org/expert-brief/venezuela-and-beyond-trumps-america-first-rhetoric-masks-neo-imperialist-streak
  • Lake, D. A., Martin, L. L., & Risse, T. (2021). Challenges to the liberal order. International Organization, 75(2), 225-257.
  • Lascurettes, K. M. (2021). International order in theory and practice. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of International Studies. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.673
  • Leeds, B. A., Mosley, L., Rosendorff, B. P., & Zarakol, A. (2025). The future of global governance and world order. International Organization, 79(S1), S1-S11. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020818325101185
  • Loh, D. M. H., Paes, L. O., & Zarakol, A. (2026). Non-western visions of international order. Annual Review of Political Science, 29(1), 1.1-1.18.
  • Mearsheimer, J. J. (2026, 12 Ocak). Mearsheimerdan Venezuela, Gronland ve NATO degerlendirmesi. Harici. https://harici.com.tr/mearsheimerdan-venezuela-gronland-ve-nato-degerlendirmesi/
  • National Security Strategy. (2022, 12 Ekim). National security strategy of the United States of America. The White House.
  • National Security Strategy. (2025). National security strategy of the United States of America. The White House.
  • Psaropoulos, J. T. (2026, 9 Ocak). Europe should prepare for Greenlands annexation and end of NATO. Al Jazeera. https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/1/9/europe-should-prepare-for-greenlands-annexation-and-end-of-nato-experts
  • Rachman, G. (2026, 13 Ocak). Trump risks turning the US into a rogue state. Financial Times. https://www.ft.com/content/39226003-2274-42b1-bae4-1a37d931f6b6
  • Reuters. (2026, 12 Ocak). European commissioner says US military takeover of Greenland would be end of NATO. https://www.reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/european-commissioner-says-us-military-takeover-greenland-would-be-end-nato-2026-01-12/
  • Risse, T. (2024). Order-making through contestations. In T. A. Borzel et al. (Eds.), The liberal script at the beginning of the 21st century. Oxford University Press.
  • Roa, C. (2025, 31 Aralik). Donald Trumps national security strategy signals the start of imperial America. The National Interest. https://nationalinterest.org/feature/donald-trumps-national-security-strategy-signals-the-start-of-imperial-america
  • Sharp, A. (2026, 8 Ocak). US to quit 66 international UN entities. Foreign Policy. https://foreignpolicy.com/2026/01/08/us-trump-withdraw-un-agencies-climate-change/
  • Shidore, S. (2026, 12 Ocak). American supremacy is over and something new is coming. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/01/12/opinion/trump-venezuela-world-mercosur.html
  • Vinjamuri, L. (2025a). The fracturing of the US-led liberal international order. In L. Vinjamuri (Ed.), Competing visions of international order (pp. 3-11). Chatham House.
  • Vinjamuri, L. (2025b). Envisioning the future international order. In L. Vinjamuri (Ed.), Competing visions of international order (pp. 115-120). Chatham House.
  • Zarakol, A. (2024). Rethinking international order. Ethics and International Affairs, 38(2), 200-208

Liberal Uluslararası Düzende ABD’nin Değişen Rolü: Düzen Koyucudan Düzen Bozucuya

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1 , 176 - 190 , 27.03.2026
https://izlik.org/JA43ZD78XK

Öz

Donald Trump’ın 2025 yılında yeniden başkanlık görevine başladıktan sonraki dış politika söylemleri ve uygulamaları uluslararası arenada şok etkisi yaratmaya devam etmektedir. Yeni Trump yönetiminin dış politika adımları liberal uluslararası düzene yönelik sorgulamaları daha arttırmaktadır. Yeni yönetimin dış politika tercihleri ve yönelimleri liberal uluslararası düzenin mimarı ve koruyucusu konumundaki ABD’nin küresel rolünü daha da tartışmalı hale getirmektedir. Trump’ın “Önce Amerika” söylemiyle ifade edilen çıkara dayalı ve tek taraflı dış politika anlayışı, ABD’nin uluslararası düzende şimdiye kadar oynamakta olduğu rolden geri adım atmakta olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu çalışma yeni Trump yönetiminin dış politika söylemlerinin ve uygulamalarının liberal uluslararası düzeni ve ABD’nin bu düzendeki rolünü nasıl etkilediği sorusuna cevap vermeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada Trump yönetiminin korumacı ticaret politikalarının, uluslararası kuruluşlardan çekilmesinin, müttefik ve ortaklara yönelik saldırgan tavırlarının, Grönland’ın ABD’ye ait olması gerektiği yönündeki söylemlerinin ve Venezuela’ya yönelik saldırısının liberal uluslararası düzen üzerindeki etkisi tartışılmaktadır. Trump yönetimi, ABD’nin İkinci Dünya Savaşı sonrasında şekillendirmeye çalıştığı düzenin en temel ilkelerini değiştirmeye, bozmaya ve bazı durumlarda tamamen reddetmeye çalışmaktadır. Trump’ın diğer devletlerin egemenliğini hiçe sayan söylemleri ve çok taraflılığı dışlayan açıklamaları ve eylemleri ABD'nin liberal uluslararası düzene olan bağlılığı aşındırmaktadır. ABD hâlâ dünyanın en büyük ekonomisi ve tek süper askeri gücü olsa da güvenilir ve öngörülebilir bir müttefik ve meşru bir lider olma vasıflarını yitirmektedir.

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışmanın, özgün bir çalışma olduğunu; çalışmanın hazırlık, veri toplama, analiz ve bilgilerin sunumu olmak üzere tüm aşamalarından bilimsel etik ilke ve kurallarına uygun davrandığımı; bu çalışma kapsamında elde edilmeyen tüm veri ve bilgiler için kaynak gösterdiğimi ve bu kaynaklara kaynakçada yer verdiğimi; kullanılan verilerde herhangi bir değişiklik yapmadığımı, çalışmanın Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)' in tüm şartlarını ve koşullarını kabul ederek etik görev ve sorumluluklara riayet ettiğimi beyan ederim.

Destekleyen Kurum

Herhangi bir kurum tarafından desteklenmemiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Acharya, A. (2025, 15 Eylül). The decline of the West and the rise of the rest will lead to a new world order. Chatham House. https://www.chathamhouse.org/publications/the-world-today/2025-09/decline-west-and-rise-rest-will-lead-new-world-order
  • Allan, B. B. (2018). Scientific cosmology and international orders. Cambridge University Press.
  • Börzel, T. A., & Zürn, M. (2021). Contestations of the liberal international order: From liberal multilateralism to postnational liberalism. International Organization, 75(2), 282-305.
  • Bull, H. (2012). The anarchical society: A study of order in world politics. Columbia University Press.
  • Carson, A., Metz, R., & Poast, P. (2025). Allies and access: Implications of an American turn away from alliances. International Organization, 79(1), 103-116.
  • Chaudoin, S., Milner, H. V., & Tingley, D. (2021). America first meets liberal internationalism. ISSF Policy Series.
  • Foreign Policy. (2026, 9 Ocak). What we know and dont know about the legal case against Maduro. https://foreignpolicy.com/2026/01/09/legal-case-maduro-venezuela-trump-new-york/
  • Goddard, S. E., & Newman, A. (2025). Further back to the future: Neo-royalism, the Trump administration, and the emerging international system. International Organization, 79(1), 12-25.
  • Haas, L. J. (2026, 8 Ocak). The dangers of Donald Trumps ad hoc foreign policy. The National Interest. https://nationalinterest.org/feature/the-dangers-of-donald-trumps-ad-hoc-foreign-policy
  • Hyde, S. D., & Saunders, E. N. (2025). The unconstrained future of world order. International Organization, 79(1), 71-87.
  • Ikenberry, G. J. (2001). After victory: Institutions, strategic restraint, and the rebuilding of order after major wars. Princeton University Press.
  • Ikenberry, G. J. (2011). Liberal leviathan: The origins, crisis, and transformation of the American world order. Princeton University Press.
  • Kupchan, C. (2026, 7 Ocak). Venezuela and beyond: Trumps America first rhetoric masks a neo-imperialist streak. Council on Foreign Relations. https://www.cfr.org/expert-brief/venezuela-and-beyond-trumps-america-first-rhetoric-masks-neo-imperialist-streak
  • Lake, D. A., Martin, L. L., & Risse, T. (2021). Challenges to the liberal order. International Organization, 75(2), 225-257.
  • Lascurettes, K. M. (2021). International order in theory and practice. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of International Studies. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.673
  • Leeds, B. A., Mosley, L., Rosendorff, B. P., & Zarakol, A. (2025). The future of global governance and world order. International Organization, 79(S1), S1-S11. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020818325101185
  • Loh, D. M. H., Paes, L. O., & Zarakol, A. (2026). Non-western visions of international order. Annual Review of Political Science, 29(1), 1.1-1.18.
  • Mearsheimer, J. J. (2026, 12 Ocak). Mearsheimerdan Venezuela, Gronland ve NATO degerlendirmesi. Harici. https://harici.com.tr/mearsheimerdan-venezuela-gronland-ve-nato-degerlendirmesi/
  • National Security Strategy. (2022, 12 Ekim). National security strategy of the United States of America. The White House.
  • National Security Strategy. (2025). National security strategy of the United States of America. The White House.
  • Psaropoulos, J. T. (2026, 9 Ocak). Europe should prepare for Greenlands annexation and end of NATO. Al Jazeera. https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/1/9/europe-should-prepare-for-greenlands-annexation-and-end-of-nato-experts
  • Rachman, G. (2026, 13 Ocak). Trump risks turning the US into a rogue state. Financial Times. https://www.ft.com/content/39226003-2274-42b1-bae4-1a37d931f6b6
  • Reuters. (2026, 12 Ocak). European commissioner says US military takeover of Greenland would be end of NATO. https://www.reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/european-commissioner-says-us-military-takeover-greenland-would-be-end-nato-2026-01-12/
  • Risse, T. (2024). Order-making through contestations. In T. A. Borzel et al. (Eds.), The liberal script at the beginning of the 21st century. Oxford University Press.
  • Roa, C. (2025, 31 Aralik). Donald Trumps national security strategy signals the start of imperial America. The National Interest. https://nationalinterest.org/feature/donald-trumps-national-security-strategy-signals-the-start-of-imperial-america
  • Sharp, A. (2026, 8 Ocak). US to quit 66 international UN entities. Foreign Policy. https://foreignpolicy.com/2026/01/08/us-trump-withdraw-un-agencies-climate-change/
  • Shidore, S. (2026, 12 Ocak). American supremacy is over and something new is coming. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2026/01/12/opinion/trump-venezuela-world-mercosur.html
  • Vinjamuri, L. (2025a). The fracturing of the US-led liberal international order. In L. Vinjamuri (Ed.), Competing visions of international order (pp. 3-11). Chatham House.
  • Vinjamuri, L. (2025b). Envisioning the future international order. In L. Vinjamuri (Ed.), Competing visions of international order (pp. 115-120). Chatham House.
  • Zarakol, A. (2024). Rethinking international order. Ethics and International Affairs, 38(2), 200-208
Toplam 30 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Amerika Çalışmaları, Uluslararası İlişkilerde Siyaset
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Zekeriyya Akdağ 0000-0002-0866-603X

Gönderilme Tarihi 16 Ocak 2026
Kabul Tarihi 13 Şubat 2026
Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Mart 2026
IZ https://izlik.org/JA43ZD78XK
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2026 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Akdağ, Z. (2026). Liberal Uluslararası Düzende ABD’nin Değişen Rolü: Düzen Koyucudan Düzen Bozucuya. Malatya Turgut Özal Üniversitesi İşletme ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(1), 176-190. https://izlik.org/JA43ZD78XK