The effect of different mucosal thickness on implant crestal bone loss

Öz

A dental implant is a treatment option that is widely used nowadays and provides to giving the aesthetic, function, and phonation back to the patient in dental deficiencies. Nevertheless, the inefficacies of dental implants also draw attention for various reasons. Factors causing early period implant inefficacies are being analyzed and reasons that may be affecting marginal bone loss are being elaborated. In the literature, factors causing marginal bone loss such as premature prosthetic loading, neglected cement residues at the prosthesis stage, micro-gap foundation, infection foundation on the surgery region and traumatic surgery draws attention. One of these reasons is the thickness of the mucosa covering the region that the implant is placed (phenotype). The purpose of our review is to discuss the effect of mucosal thickness in the surgical area on the marginal bone loss in the implant area, within the scope of the literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• soft tissue thickness
• crestal bone loss
• marginal bone loss
• dental implants

Farklı mukozal kalınlıkların implant çevresi krestal kemik kaybına etkisi

Öz

Dental implantlar günümüzde sıklıkla kullanılan ve diş eksikliklerinde hastaların estetik, fonksiyon ve fonasyonunun iadesini sağlayan tedavi seçenekleridir. Buna rağmen, çeşitli nedenlere bağlı olarak, dental implantların başarısızlıkları da dikkati çekmektedir. Erken dönem implant başarısızlıklarına sebep olan faktörler araştırılmakta ve marjinal kemik kaybına etkisi olabilecek olan nedenlerin üzerinde durulmaktadır. Literatürde implant çevresi marjinal kemik kaybıyla ilgili araştırılan faktörler arasında prematür protetik yükleme, protez aşamasında göz ardı edilen siman artıkları, mikro aralık oluşumu, cerrahi sahada enfeksiyon oluşumu ve travmatik cerrahi gibi sebepler göze çarpmaktadır. Bu nedenlerden biri de implant yerleştirilecek sahayı örten mukozanın kalınlığıdır (fenotip). Derlememizin amacı cerrahi yapılacak bölgedeki mukozal kalınlığın implant çevresi marjinal kemik kaybı üzerine etkisini güncel literatür desteğinde tartışmaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• yumuşak doku kalınlığı
• krestal kemik kaybı
• marjinal kemik kaybı
• diş implantları

Kaynakça

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