Different mucosal presentations of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: case series

Öz

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma has an incidence 8% of all childhood malignancies in the world. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma typically invades the liver, lungs, spleen and mediastinum. The most common symptoms include pain and coughing due to enlarged lymph nodes, shortness of breath due to thoracic masses, and bowel obstruction and acid in abdominal involvement. In this study, we have discussed cases of lymphoma with different mucosal presentations. The age of the patients varied from 3.5-16 years, and included three females and two males. The cases include patients with lymphoblastic lymphoma referring with a preliminary diagnosis of eosinophilic granuloma; with lymphoblastic lymphoma, with a preliminary diagnosis of odontogenic cyst; with Burkitt lymphoma, with lower gastrointestinal system bleeding-acute gastroenteritis; with Burkitt lymphoma, with a preliminary diagnosis of ovarian tumor and with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, with a diagnosis of anemia. Clinical, laboratory and radiological diagnostic methods can guide diagnosis of lymphoma, histopathologic examination is important for the final diagnosis. In conclusion, it is important to make a systemic evaluation rather than focusing only on the referral complaints and radiological imaging in patient assessment.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• lymphoma
• bone
• ovarian
• gastrointestinal system
• child

Non-Hodgkin lenfomanın farkı mukozal görünümleri: Olgu serisi

Öz

Dünyada çocukluk çağı malinitelerinin %8’ini non-hodgkin lenfoma oluşturmaktadır. Non-hodgkin lenfoma genellikle karaciğer, akciğer, dalak ve mediastinuma yayılır. En yaygın bulgusu lenf nodu genişlemesine bağlı ağrı, öksürük, torakstaki kitlelere bağlı nefes darlığı, abdominal bölge tutulumunda barsak obstrüksiyonu ve asit gibi bulgulardır. Biz burada farklı klinik ve radyolojik bulgularla gelip, lenfoma tanısı koyduğumuz hastalarımızı tartıştık. Hastaların yaşları 3,5-16 yıl arasında olup üç kız, iki erkekti. Eozinofilik granülom ön tanısı ile gelen lenfoblastik lenfoma, odontojenik kist ön tanısı ile gelen lenfoblastik lenfoma, alt gis kanama-akut gastroenterit şikayeti ile gelen Burkitt lenfoma, over tümörü tanısı ile gelen Burkitt lenfoma, anemi tanısı ile gelen diffüz büyük hücreli B-cell lenfoma tanılı olgularımızı rapor ettik. Lenfomanın tanısında klinik, laboratuvar ve radyolojik tanı yöntemleri yol gösterici olsa da patolojik doku tanısı kesin tanı için önemlidir. Hastalar değerlendirilirken sadece başvuru şikayetine, radyolojik görüntülemelere odaklanmayıp, sistemik odaklanılmamalı, sistemik olarak değerlendirme yapılmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• çocuk
• lenfoma
• kemik
• over
• gastrointestinal sistem

Kaynakça

1. Javed Z, Hanif F. A rare presentation of precursor B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma in a child. Cureus 2018; 31:10:e3238.
2. Martin-Guerrero I, Salaverria I, Burkhardt B, et al. Non-leukemic pediatric mixed phenotype acute leukemia/lymphoma: Genomic characterization and clinical outcome in a prospective trial for pediatric lymphoblastic lymphoma. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2019;58:365-72.
3. Kolve M, Fischbach W, Greiner A, Wilms K. Differences in endoscopic and clinicopathological features of primary and secondary gastric non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. German gastrointestinal lymphoma study group. Gastrointest Endosc 1999;49:307-15.
4. Powers JM, Buchanan GR. Disorders of iron metabolism: New diagnostic and treatment approaches to iron deficiency. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2019;33:393-408.
5. Soyer N, Yilmaz AF, Ozsan N, et al. Retrospective analysis of primary gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a single center study from Turkey. Turk J Med Sci 2017;47:240-5.
6. Barnert J, Messmann H. Management of lower gastrointestinal tract bleeding. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2008;22:295-312.
7. Kasap E, Genc M, Korkut B, Sahin N, Demir S. Meigs’ syndrome with elevated serum CA125: Case report. Journal Of Contemporary Medicine 2016;6:114-7.
8. Akakpo PK, Derkyi-Kwarteng L, Quayson SE, Gyasi RK, Anim JT. Ovarian tumors in children and adolescents: A 10-Year histopathologic review in Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Ghana. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2016;35:333-6.

9. Lee AC, Chui CH. Bilateral ovarian Burkitt’s lymphoma: Successful treatment with preservation of ovarian function. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2015;28:105-7.
10. Yanik EL, Shiels MS, Smith JM, et al.Contribution of solid organ transplant recipients to the pediatric non-Hodgkin lymphoma burden in the United States. Cancer 2017;123:4663-71.
11. Bertram C, Jurgen M, Eggers C. Eosinophilic granuloma of the cervikal spine. Spine 2002;27:1408-13.
12. Chrcanovic BR, Gomez RS. Recurrence probability for keratocystic odontogenic tumors: An analysis of 6,427 cases. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2017;45:244-51.
13. Alli N, Meer S. Head and neck lymphomas: A 20-year review in an oral pathology unit, Johannesburg, South Africa, a country with the highest global incidence of HIV/AIDS. Oral Oncol 2017;67:17-23.