ÇAM KOZALAK TOZUNUN BİOSORBENT OLARAK KULLANILRAK SUDAN AMONYUMUN UZAKLAŞTIRILMASI

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 5 - 12, 07.04.2015

Ahmet Demirak , Feyyaz Keskin Yalçın Şahin Volkan Kalemci

https://doi.org/10.22531/muglajsci.209992

Cited By: 4

Öz

Doğal ve sodyum hidroksit ile modifiye edilmiş çam kozalağı tozunun amonyum biosorbenti olarak kullanılmasını araştırıldı. Çam kozalağı tozunun yüzey modifikasyonu için 0.05 mg/L ve 0.1 mg/L sodyum hidroksit çözeltileri kullanıldı. Biosorpsiyon olayına fizikokimyasal etkilerini; pH, başlangıç derişimi ve temas süresi gibi parametrelerle araştırıldı. Bisorpsiyon kapasitesine pH ve temas süresine (ilk 15 dakika) bağımlı olduğu saptanmıştır. Adsorpsiyon kinetikleri ve izotermleri belirlenmiştir. Adsorpsiyon verileri, Langmuir izotermini uymaktadır. SEM, XRD analizleri ile biosorpsiyon karakterizasyonu yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre çam kozalağının sodyum hidrosit ile modfikasyonu sonucu yüzey alanın değiştiğini, modifiye edilmiş çam kozalağının atıksuların arıtılmasında kullanılması ilgi çekici bir durum olduğu tespit edilmiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ammonyum, Giderim, Su, Biosorpsiyon, Çam kozalağı, XRD, SEM-EDES

REMOVAL OF AMMONIUM FROM WATER BY PINE CONE POWDER AS BIOSORBENT

Öz

Pine cone, a popular agricultural waste, was investigated as a novel ammonium biosorbent in its raw and sodium hydroxide modified form. Surface modification of pine cone powder were carried out using sodium hydroxide solution of concentarions (0,05 and 0,1mg/L). The effects of physico-chemical parameters such as solution pH, contact time and biosorbent dosage were investigated in the biosorption of ammonium onto pine cone powder. It was found that the biosorption capacity was optimal using 6–10 solution pH range and the rate of sorption was very fast, during the first 15 min. Biosorption kinetics and equilibrium data for the romoval of NH4+ ions onto pine cone powder were examined by fitting the experimental data to various model. The biosortion was described by a pseudo-second-order model predicting a chemisorption process.In addition, the equilibrium data were well characterized by the Langmuir isotherm model that confirmed the mono-layer coverage.  The surface properties of raw pine cone powder and its sodium hydroxide modified form were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). The chemical composition of pine cone powder before and after biosorption of ammonium is discussed in relation to the XRD and SEM-EDS results. The results showed that the surface of pine cone powder samples is modified by sodium hydroxide solution and the chemical composition of pine cone powder samples is changed after biosorption of ammonium. This from presents an interesting option for tertiary wastewater treatment (as a possible non-conventional biosorbent for the removal of ammonium).

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ammonium; Removal; Water; Biosorption; Pine cone; X-ray; SEM-EDS

Kaynakça

• REFERENCES
• S.H. Lin, C.L. Wu. Ammonia Removal from Aqueous Solution by Ion Exchange. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 35 (1996) 553-558.
• L.R. Cooperband, L.W. Good, Biogenic phosphate minerals in manure: implications for phosphorus loss to surface waters. Environmental Science and Technology. 36 (23) (2002) 5075-5082.
• A.M. Yusof, L.K. Keat, Z. Ibrahim, Z.A. Majid, N.A. Nizam, Kinetic and equilibrium studies of the removal of ammonium ions from aqueous solution by rice husk ash-synthesized zeolite Y and powdered and granulated forms of mordenite. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 174 (2002) 380–385.
• H. Zheng, L. Hanb, H. Maa, Y. Zheng, H. Zhang, D. Liu, S. Liang, Adsorption characteristics of ammonium ion by zeolite 13X. J. Hazard. Mater. 158, (2008) 577–584.
• M.A. Wahab, S. Jellali, N. Jedidi, Ammonium biosorption onto sawdust: FTIR analysis, kinetics and adsorption isotherms modeling. Bioresource Technology. 101 (2010a) 5070–5075
• M.A. Wahab, S. Jellali, N. Jedidi,. Effect of temperature and pH on the biosorption of ammonium onto Posidonia oceanica fibers: Equilibrium, and kinetic modeling studies. Bioresource Technology. 101 (2010b) 8606–8615.
• P. Vassileva, P. Tzvetkova, R. Nickolov, Removal of ammonium ions from aqueous solutions with coal-based activated carbons modified by oxidation. Fuel 88 (2008) 387–390.
• H. Huang, X. Xiao, B. Yan, L. Yang, Ammonium removal from aqueous solutions by using natural Chinese (Chende) zeolite as adsorbent. J. Hazard. Mater. 175 (2010) 247–252.
• M. Uğurlu, H. Karaoğlu, Adsorption of ammonium from an aqueous solution by fly ash and sepiolite: Isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic analysis. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 139 (2011) 173–178
• D. Karadag, Y. Koc, M. Turan, B. Armagan, Removal of ammonium ion from aqueous solution using natural Turkish clinoptilolite. J. Hazard. Mater. B 136 (2006) 604–609.
• Z.Y. Ji, J.S. Yuan, X.G. Li, Removal of ammonium from wastewater using calcium form clinoptilolite. J. Hazard. Mater. 141 (2007) 483–488.
• N. Karapınar, Application of natural zeolite for phosphorus and ammonium removal from aqueous solutions. J. Hazard. Mater. 170 (2009) 1186–1191.
• S. Wang, Y. Peng, Natural zeolites as effective adsorbents in water and wastewater treatment. Chem. Eng. J. 156 (2010) 11–24.
• H.A. Aziz, M.N Adlan, M.S.M. Zahari, S. Alias, Removal of ammoniacal nitrogen (N–NH3) from municipal solid waste leachate by using activated carbon and limestone. Waste Manage. Res. 22 (5) (2004) 371–375.
• S. Ahsan, S. Kaneco, K. Ohta, T. Mizuno, K. Kani, Use of some natural and waste materials for wastewater treatment. Water Res. 35 (15) (2001) 3738–3742.
• A.E. Ofomaja, E.B. Naidoo, S.J. Modise, Removal of copper(II) from aqueous solution by pine and base modified pine cone powder as biosorbent. J. Hazard. Mater. 168 (2009) 909–917.
• STANDARD METHODS, for the examination of water and wastewater, 2005
• M. Dogan, M. Alkan, Adsorption kinetics of methyl violet onto perlite. Chemosphere. 50 (2003) 517–528.
• Y. Nuhoglu, E. Oguz, Removal of copper(II) from aqueous solutions by biosorption on the cone biomass of Thuja orientalis. Process Biochemistry. 38 (2003) 1627-1631
• T.Y. Chan, Ammonia removal in wastewater with anaerobic ammonium oxidation process.(Thesis in The Department of Bulding, Civil and Environmental Enginnering) Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (2003).
• A. Thornton, P. Pearce, S.A. Parsons, Ammonium removal from solution using ion exchange on to MesoLite, an equilibrium study. J. Hazard. Mater. 147 (2007) 883–889.
• D. Wu, B. Zhang, C. Li, Z. Zhang, H. Kong, Simultaneous removal of ammonium and phosphate by zeolite synthesized from fly ash as influenced by salt treatment. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 304 (2006) 300–306.
• K. Okada, Y. Ono, Y. Kameshima, A. Nakajima, K.J.D. MacKenzie, Simultaneous uptake of ammonium and phosphate ions by compounds prepared from paper sludge ash. J. Hazard. Mater. 141 (2007) 622–629.
• Z.Y. Ji, J.S. Yuan, X.G. Li, Removal of ammonium from wastewater using calcium form clinoptilolite. J. Hazard. Mater. 141 (2007) 483–488.
• K. Mohanty, M. Jha, B.C Meikap, M.N. Biswas, Biosorption of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions by Eichhornia crassipes, Chem. Eng. J. 117 (2006) 71-77.
• V. Vadivelan, K. Kumar, Equilibrium, kinetics, mechanism, and process design for the sorption of methylene blue onto rice husk, J. Colloid Interf. Sci. 286 (2005) 90–100.
• P.W. Atkins, Physical Chemistry, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1978.
• A. Demirak, Ö. Dalman, E. Tilkan, D. Yıldız, E. Yavuz, C. Gökçe, Biosorption of 2,4 dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) onto Posidonia oceanica (L.) seagrass in a batch system: Equilibrium and kinetic modeling.MİCROCHEMİCAL Journal 99 (2010) 97-102.
• Z. Aksu, J. Yener, A comparative adsorption/biosorption study of monochlorinated phenols onto various sorbents, Waste Manag. 21 (2001) 695–702.
• P. Kaewsarn, Q. Yu, Cadmium removal from aqueous solutions by pretreated biomass of marine algae Padina sp.. Environ. Pollut. 112 (2001) 209–213.
• W.A.R.N. Fernando, K. Xia, C.W. Rice, Sorption and desorption of ammonium from liquid swine waste in soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 69 (2005) 1057–1065.
• M.P. Bernal, J.M. Lopez-Real, Natural zeolites and sepiolite as ammonium and ammonia adsorbent materials. Bioresour. Technol. 43 (1993) 27–33.
• Y. Wang, S. Liu, Z. Xu, T. Han, S. Chaun, T. Zhu, Ammonia removal from leachate solution using natural Chinese clinoptilolite. J. Hazard. Mater. B 136 (2006) 735–740.
• O. Lahav, M. Green, Ammonium removal using ion exchange and biological regeneration. Water Res. 32 (7) (1998) 2019–2028.