AVRUPA’DA ŞİDDETE VARAN RADİKALLEŞME VE SAĞ AŞIRICILIK

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 53, 71 - 84, 03.04.2018

Bilgehan Öztürk

Öz

Son yıllarda gerçekleşen bir dizi terör saldırısı, aşırı sağın şiddete varan radikalleşmesinin
son derece yıkıcı potansiyelini ortaya koyduğu
için bu olgunun dinamikleri ve oluşturduğu tehditler üzerine yeni bir ilgi ve tartışma dalgası
başladı. Savunmasız gruplara (Müslümanlar,
Romanlar, göçmenler ve mülteciler vs.) yönelik
saldırılar ve nefret söylemi vakalarındaki artışla birlikte düşünüldüğünde daha tahammülsüz,
dışlayıcı ve şiddete varan aşırıcılığı normalleştiren geniş ve köklü bir temayülün Avrupa
ülkelerinde ortaya çıktığına dair endişeler
var. Ayrıca, Avrupa siyasi bağlamında yerlici
milliyetçiliğin yükselişi ve göçmenlere karşı
düşmanca kamusal söylemlerin gelişmesi gibi
ortaya çıkan temayüller, geleneksel olarak aşırı sağa atfedilen fkirleri ana akım tartışmaya
taşıdı. Şiddet içermeyen radikal sağ siyasetin
yükselişinin yanı sıra, gerek örgütlü hareketler
gerekse de gayrı resmi sosyal ağlar veya bireyler eliyle gerçekleşmesi muhtemel aşırı sağ
şiddetine dair kaygılar giderek artıyor. Bu arka
plana rağmen şiddete varan aşırıcılık ve radikalleşme gibi olguların Avrupa’da hala büyük
oranda din temelli oluşumlar kapsamında ele
alındığı, aşırı sağın ise yeteri kadar bu çerçevede dikkate alınmadığı gözlenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Şiddete Varan Radikalleşme, Sağ Aşırıcılık, Aşırı Sağ, Yalnız Aktör Terörizmi, Çevrimiçi/İnternet Üzerinden Radikalleşme, Ana-Akımlaştırma

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