RÜZGAR TÜRBİNİ SAHA PLANLAMASI: TÜRKİYE’DEN BİR VAKA ANALİZİ

Öz

Dünya nüfusunun artması ve ekonomik büyümeye bağlı olarak tüketim hızla artmıştır. Tüketimin artması enerji ihtiyacının da artmasına neden olmuştur. Bu durumun, daha fazla enerji üretimi ve daha verimli enerji kullanımı gibi çözümler ile yönetilebileceği düşünülmektedir. Ancak bu çözümlerin geliştirilmesinde, enerji sektörünün sürdürülebilirliği ve çevresel etkileri de göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. Rüzgar enerjisinin kullanımı da bu doğrultuda tüm dünyada artmaktadır. Türkiye konumu itibariyle rüzgar enerjisi potansiyeli bakımından en uygun ülkeler arasındadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye'deki rüzgar santrallerinin mevcut durumunu incelemektir. Bu amaçla Türkiye’deki potansiyeli en yüksek illerden biri olan Tekirdağ ilinde kurulması planlanan rüzgar enerji santralinin lokasyonunun çok kriterli karar verme (MCDM) yaklaşımları ile belirlenmesi ele alınmıştır. Rüzgar santrali kurulumunda değerlendirilebilecek 10 faktör, literatür taraması ve uzmanlardan gelen geri dönüşlerle belirlenmiş, AHP yöntemiyle bu faktörlerin ağırlıkları hesaplanmıştır. Tekirdağ'da önceden belirlenmiş 10 farklı lokasyon hesaplanan ağırlıklar ve TOPSIS yöntemi yardımı ile rüzgar santrallerinin uygulanabilirliği açısından sıralanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçta, Şarköy ilçesine 22 km uzaklıkta bulunan lokasyon en uygun nokta olarak tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın gelecekte yapılacak sürdürülebilir enerji değerlendirme çalışmalarına katkıda bulunması amaçlanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sürdürülebilirlik
• MCDM
• Rüzgar Enerjisi
• AHP
• TOPSIS

STANDORTPLANUNG EINER WINDKRAFTANLAGE: EINE FALLANALYSE AUS DER TÜRKEI

Öz

Der Konsum hat aufgrund des Anstiegs der Weltbevölkerung und des Wirtschaftswachstums rapide zugenommen. Der Anstieg des Verbrauchs hat zu einem Anstieg des Energiebedarfs geführt. Man geht davon aus, dass diese Situation durch Lösungen wie mehr Energieproduktion und effizientere Energienutzung bewältigt werden kann. Allerdings sollten bei der Entwicklung dieser Lösungen auch die Nachhaltigkeit und Umweltauswirkungen des Energiesektors berücksichtigt werden. In diese Richtung nimmt die Nutzung der Windenergie weltweit zu. Die Türkei gehört aufgrund seiner Lage zu den am besten geeigneten Ländern des Windenergiepotenzials. Ziel dieser Studie ist es, die aktuelle Situation von Windparks in der Türkei zu untersuchen. Zu diesem Zweck wird die Standortbestimmung der geplanten Windkraftanlage in Tekirdağ, einer der Provinzen mit dem höchsten Potenzial in der Türkei, mit multikriteriellen Entscheidungsunterstützungs (MCDM)-Ansätzen diskutiert. Die zehn Faktoren, die bei der Windparkinstallation bewertet werden können, wurden durch Literaturrecherche und Feedback von Experten ermittelt und die Gewichte dieser Faktoren mit der AHP berechnet. Mithilfe von Gewichten und TOPSIS werden zehn Standorte in Tekirdağ im Hinblick auf die Anwendbarkeit von Windparks aufgelistet. Infolgedessen wurde der Standort 22 km vom Bezirk Şarköy entfernt als am besten geeigneter Punkt ermittelt. Ziel ist es, dass die Studie in Zukunft zu Studien zur nachhaltigen Energiebewertung beitragen wird.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Nachhaltigkeit
• MCDM
• Windkraft
• AHP
• TOPSIS

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