SCARCE RESOURCES, GREAT CHALLENGE: CENTRAL ASIA'S WATER CRISIS AND ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 46 Sayı: 2, 468 - 490, 24.10.2024

Medihanur Argalı

https://doi.org/10.14780/muiibd.1528710

Öz

Central Asia has limited water resources and increasing pressure on these resources. Large-scale irrigation projects initiated during the Soviet Union led to the over-exploitation of the Amu Darya and Sir Darya rivers and the dramatic drying up of Lake Aral. This process has caused extensive damage to the ecosystem, declines in agricultural productivity and serious problems in human health. The article analyses the historical origins and the current state of the water crisis in the region and examines the challenges of water resources management and sustainability efforts. It will also emphasise the importance of regional cooperation and modern water management policies. Central Asia's water crisis is not only an environmental problem but also a social and economic challenge. In this context, sustainable water management strategies are vital for the region to achieve its long-term development goals. Türkiye’s cooperation with the Central Asian states in this regard and transferring experience to them will contribute to the regional states' confidence in Türkiye and increase Türkiye’s prestige in the international arena. The article will use the Russian, English, Turkish and Uzbek source search method.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Central Asia, Water Crisis, Environmental Sustainability, Regional Cooperation, Water Management

KIT KAYNAKLAR, BÜYÜK MÜCADELE: ORTA ASYA'NIN SU KRİZİ VE ÇEVRESEL SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİRLİK

Öz

Orta Asya, su kaynaklarının sınırlı olduğu ve bu kaynaklar üzerindeki baskının her geçen gün arttığı bir bölgedir. Sovyetler Birliği döneminde başlatılan büyük ölçekli sulama projeleri, Amu Derya ve Sir Derya nehirlerinin aşırı kullanımına ve Aral Gölü'nün dramatik bir şekilde kurumasına yol açmıştır. Bu süreç, ekosistemde büyük hasarlara, tarımsal verimlilikte düşüşlere ve insan sağlığında ciddi sorunlara neden olmuştur. Makale, bölgedeki su krizinin tarihsel kökenlerini ve mevcut durumunu ele alarak su kaynaklarının yönetimindeki zorlukları ve sürdürülebilirlik çabalarını incelemektedir. Aynı zamanda bölgesel iş birliğinin ve modern su yönetim politikalarının önemini vurgulayacaktır. Orta Asya'nın su krizi, yalnızca çevresel bir sorun değil aynı zamanda sosyal ve ekonomik bir meydan okumadır. Bu bağlamda, sürdürülebilir su yönetimi stratejileri, bölgenin uzun vadeli kalkınma hedeflerine ulaşabilmesi için hayati öneme sahiptir. Türkiye’nin de bu hususta Orta Asya Devletleri’yle iş birliği yapması ve onlara tecrübe aktarımında bulunması hem bölge devletlerinin Türkiye’ye olan güvenine katkı sağlayacak hem de Türkiye’nin uluslararası arenadaki prestijini artıracaktır. Makalede Rusça, İngilizce, Türkçe ve Özbekçe kaynak taraması yöntemi kullanılacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Orta Asya, Su Krizi, Çevresel Sürdürülebilirlik, Bölgesel İş Birliği, Su Yönetimi

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