Üçüncü Basamak Bir Sağlık Merkezinde Erken Gebelikte D Vitamini Eksikliği Prevalansı: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma

Öz

Vitamin D, kalsiyum metabolizması, immün düzenleme ve hücre büyümesinde önemli bir rol oynar. Erken gebelik dönemindeki vitamin D eksikliği, anne ve fetüs sağlığını olumsuz etkileyebilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, İstanbul’da üçüncü basamak bir sağlık merkezine başvuran birinci trimester gebelerin vitamin D eksikliği prevalansını ve ilişkili faktörleri belirlemektir. Ocak 2020–Ocak 2024 tarihleri arasında antenatal kliniğe başvuran toplam 1105 gebe kadın retrospektif olarak analiz edildi. Vitamin D durumu yeterli, yetersiz ve eksik olarak sınıflandırıldı. Vitamin D eksikliği ayrıca hafif, orta ve ağır olarak kategorize edildi. Serum 25(OH)D düzeyleri yaş, mevsim ve aya göre değerlendirildi. Katılımcıların medyan yaşı 29 yıl (aralık 17–50) olup, medyan serum 25(OH)D düzeyi 11,1 ng/mL (ortalama ± SS: 13,7 ± 9,2) idi. Vitamin D eksikliği (<20 ng/mL) katılımcıların %78,5’inde saptandı. En düşük vitamin D düzeyleri kış aylarında (medyan 9,1 ng/mL), en yüksek düzeyler ise yaz aylarında (medyan 11,95 ng/mL) gözlendi. Vitamin D düzeyleri 30 yaş altındaki bireylerde, 30 yaş ve üzerindeki bireylere kıyasla anlamlı olarak daha düşüktü. Mevsimsel gruplamada ise kış–ilkbahar döneminde vitamin D düzeyleri, yaz–sonbahar dönemine göre anlamlı derecede daha düşük bulundu. Bu bulgular, özellikle genç gebelerde ve kış aylarında vitamin D düzeylerinin daha düşük olduğunu göstermektedir ve bu gruplarda vitamin D eksikliği ve yetersizliğinin izlenmesi ve uygun koruyucu stratejilerin uygulanması gerektiğini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• 25-Hidroksivitamin D
• Kesitsel Çalışma
• Birinci Trimester
• Gebelik
• D Vitamini Eksikliği

Destekleyen Kurum

Yoktur

Etik Beyan

Çalışma için etik kurul onayı, İstanbul Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kırdar Şehir Hastanesi Etik Kurulu’ndan alınmıştır (24 Nisan 2024 tarihli, 2024/010.99/3/6 sayılı karar).

Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in Early Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Study at a Tertiary Care Center

Öz

Vitamin D plays a crucial role in calcium metabolism, immune regulation, and cell growth. Deficiency during early pregnancy may adversely affect maternal and fetal health. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and related factors in pregnant women in their first trimester who attended a tertiary care center in Istanbul. A total of 1105 pregnant women who attended the antenatal clinic between January 2020 and January 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Vitamin D status was classified as sufficient, insufficient, and deficient. Vitamin D deficiency was further categorized as mild, moderate and severe. Serum 25(OH)D levels were analyzed according to age, season, and month. The median age of participants was 29 years (range 17–50), and the median serum 25(OH)D level was 11.1 ng/mL (mean ± SD: 13.7 ± 9.2). Vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/mL) was detected in 78.5% of participants. The lowest levels were observed in winter (median 9.1 ng/mL), and the highest levels were observed in summer (median 11.95 ng/mL).Vitamin D levels were significantly lower in individuals under 30 years of age compared with those aged 30 years and older. In seasonal grouping, vitamin D levels were also significantly lower in the winter–spring period compared to the summer–autumn period. The findings show that vitamin D levels are lower, especially among young pregnant women and during winter months, highlighting the need for monitoring and appropriate preventive strategies for vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in these groups.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• 25-Hydroxyvitamin D
• Cross-Sectional Study
• First Trimester
• Pregnancy
• Vitamin D Deficiency

Destekleyen Kurum

None

Etik Beyan

Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Istanbul Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kırdar City Hospital Ethics Committee (dated 24 April 2024, reference no: 2024/010.99/3/6).

Kaynakça

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